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at the 11th hour

 
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乍一看“at the 11th hour”我们很容易把它按字面意思翻译为“(在)十一点钟”,但实际上我们翻译错了。英语成语往往有它自身特殊的含义和用法,其实这个短语应翻译为“关键时刻,危急时候”,相当于“the last moment”。那么为什么“十一点钟”成了“关键时刻”?

《圣经》中《有这样一个故事。从前有个富人的葡萄园需要几个人手。他从早上5点开始雇人,雇的最后一个人到深夜11点才来。12点时活干完了,富人开始付工钱,给每人发一个银圆。结果清早5点来的,干了一整天活的人和最后一个11点来的才干了一个小时的人的工钱是一样的。一大早来的因此极为不满,认为还不如 11点来,只要不超12点,报酬都是一样的,真是“来得早不如来得巧”,不如在关键时刻,最后决定时刻来。从此“at the 11th hour”这个成语的含义便固定下来,成为“关键时刻”的意思。下面有几个例子需要在翻译时注意:

1. The policeman was killed at the 11th hour.(这个警察在关键时刻被杀。)

注意如果翻译为“在11点”则应该是“at 11 o’ clock”

2. His 11-hour rise to power has been described as a miracle.(他在最后时刻上台被称做奇迹。)

还有一个是“five minutes to midnight”,其意思是“为时太晚”。

有关“hour”的成语还有很多,例如:

1. the question of the hour (当前的问题)

2. the man of the hour (令人瞩目的人)

3. in a good/happy hour( 开心时刻)

4. in an evil/ill hour (不幸时刻;不幸地)注意不要翻译成“在生病时”。

5. one’s hour (紧要关头)

6. one’s last hour (死期)

7. zero hour (进攻时刻;紧要关头)
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