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qindongliang1922：
粟谷_sugu 写道不太理解“分词字段存储docvalue是没 ...
浅谈Lucene中的DocValues -
粟谷_sugu：
不太理解“分词字段存储docvalue是没有意义的”，这句话， ...
浅谈Lucene中的DocValues -
yin_bp：
高性能elasticsearch ORM开发库使用文档http ...
为什么说Elasticsearch搜索是近实时的？ -
hackWang：
请问博主,有用solr做电商的搜索项目?
Solr中Group和Facet的用法 -
章司nana：
遇到的问题同楼上 为什么会返回null
Lucene4.3开发之第八步之渡劫初期(八)
本篇主要写关于Linux的文件系统的管理，在使用linux时，我们需要决定我们的系统的存储设备用什么文件系统，安装linux发行版时，会提供一个默认的文件系统，散仙在虚拟机里面安装的系统，一般都是ext4的系统作为默认的系统。
linux提供了一些不同的工具，可以让命令行下操作文件系统更方便，我们可以通过shell命令来轻松的创建新的系统和修改已有的文件系统。
1，创建一个分区来容纳文件系统，使用命令fdisk /dev/sdc
2，创建文件系统sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc
3， 挂载虚拟目录sudo monut -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/test
上面的部分，在实际开发中，很少用到，一般会由运维人员给我们做这些底层工作，所以散仙就简单说下
下面重点介绍下，在linux中如何安装软件程序，yum是red hat系列操作系统中的神器，使用它我们很轻松的安装很多软件。
1，找出系统上已经安装的包 命令：yum list installed
2，如果输出的信息太多，我们可以重定向到一个文件中，命令如下：
yun list installed >> installed_software.txt
3,查看某个特定软件包的信息使用命令，和验证是否安装：
yum list 软件包名
yum list installed 软件包名
如果需要找什么软件包提供了系统上的某个文件，yum命令如下：
yum安装软件命令 yum install 软件包名(支持通配)
使用yum手动安装rpm文件包，yum命令如下：
yum localinstall 软件包名.rpm即可
yum更新软件：
1，查看所有需要更新的内容 命令：yum list updates
如果你发现某个软件包需要更新，执行命令：
yum update 软件包名
更新所有的命令
yum update
yum卸载软件，命令如下：
yum remove 软件包名
要删除软件和它所有的文件命令：
yum erase 软件包名
如果包的依赖关系损坏了，先执行yum clean all，然后执行
yum update ，如果还不行，可以试试下面的这个命令：
yum deplist 软件包名 查看依赖关系后，我们就可以安装它依赖的关系。
查看我的yum的仓库命令：
yum repolist
linux提供了一些不同的工具，可以让命令行下操作文件系统更方便，我们可以通过shell命令来轻松的创建新的系统和修改已有的文件系统。
1，创建一个分区来容纳文件系统，使用命令fdisk /dev/sdc
2，创建文件系统sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc
3， 挂载虚拟目录sudo monut -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/test
上面的部分，在实际开发中，很少用到，一般会由运维人员给我们做这些底层工作，所以散仙就简单说下
下面重点介绍下，在linux中如何安装软件程序，yum是red hat系列操作系统中的神器，使用它我们很轻松的安装很多软件。
1，找出系统上已经安装的包 命令：yum list installed
[root@h1 ~]# yum list installed Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors * base: mirrors.yun-idc.com * extras: mirrors.yun-idc.com * updates: mirrors.btte.net base | 3.7 kB 00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00 updates/primary_db | 4.7 MB 00:01 Installed Packages MAKEDEV.x86_64 3.24-6.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 acl.x86_64 2.2.49-6.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 attr.x86_64 2.4.44-7.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 audit.x86_64 2.2-2.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 audit-libs.x86_64 2.2-2.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 authconfig.x86_64 6.1.12-13.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 b43-openfwwf.noarch 5.2-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 basesystem.noarch 10.0-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 bash.x86_64 4.1.2-15.el6_4 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 binutils.x86_64 2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 bridge-utils.x86_64 1.2-10.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 bzip2.x86_64 1.0.5-7.el6_0 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 bzip2-libs.x86_64 1.0.5-7.el6_0 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 ca-certificates.noarch 2013.1.94-65.0.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 centos-release.x86_64 6-5.el6.centos.11.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 checkpolicy.x86_64 2.0.22-1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 chkconfig.x86_64 1.3.49.3-2.el6_4.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 coreutils.x86_64 8.4-31.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 coreutils-libs.x86_64 8.4-31.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 cpio.x86_64 2.10-11.el6_3 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 cracklib.x86_64 2.8.16-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 cracklib-dicts.x86_64 2.8.16-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 cronie.x86_64 1.4.4-12.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 cronie-anacron.x86_64 1.4.4-12.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 crontabs.noarch 1.10-33.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 cryptsetup-luks.x86_64 1.2.0-7.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 cryptsetup-luks-libs.x86_64 1.2.0-7.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 curl.x86_64 7.19.7-37.el6_4 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 cyrus-sasl.x86_64 2.1.23-13.el6_3.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 cyrus-sasl-lib.x86_64 2.1.23-13.el6_3.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 dash.x86_64 0.5.5.1-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 db4.x86_64 4.7.25-18.el6_4 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 db4-utils.x86_64 4.7.25-18.el6_4 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 dbus-glib.x86_64 0.86-6.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 dbus-libs.x86_64 1:1.2.24-7.el6_3 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 device-mapper.x86_64 1.02.79-8.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 device-mapper-event.x86_64 1.02.79-8.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 1.02.79-8.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 device-mapper-libs.x86_64 1.02.79-8.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 device-mapper-multipath.x86_64 0.4.9-72.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 device-mapper-multipath-libs.x86_64 0.4.9-72.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 0.2.8-2.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 dhclient.x86_64 12:4.1.1-38.P1.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 dhcp-common.x86_64 12:4.1.1-38.P1.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 diffutils.x86_64 2.8.1-28.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 dos2unix.x86_64 3.1-37.el6 @base dracut.noarch 004-335.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 dracut-kernel.noarch 004-335.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 e2fsprogs.x86_64 1.41.12-18.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 e2fsprogs-libs.x86_64 1.41.12-18.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 efibootmgr.x86_64 0.5.4-11.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 elfutils-libelf.x86_64 0.152-1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 ethtool.x86_64 2:3.5-1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 expat.x86_64 2.0.1-11.el6_2 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 file.x86_64 5.04-15.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 file-libs.x86_64 5.04-15.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 filesystem.x86_64 2.4.30-3.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 findutils.x86_64 1:4.4.2-6.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 fipscheck.x86_64 1.2.0-7.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 fipscheck-lib.x86_64 1.2.0-7.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 fuse.x86_64 2.8.3-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 gamin.x86_64 0.1.10-9.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 gawk.x86_64 3.1.7-10.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 gdbm.x86_64 1.8.0-36.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 git.x86_64 1.7.1-3.el6_4.1 @base glib2.x86_64 2.26.1-3.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 glibc.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 glibc-common.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 gmp.x86_64 4.3.1-7.el6_2.2 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 gnupg2.x86_64 2.0.14-6.el6_4 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 gpgme.x86_64 1.1.8-3.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 gpm-libs.x86_64 1.20.6-12.el6 @base grep.x86_64 2.6.3-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 groff.x86_64 1.18.1.4-21.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 grub.x86_64 1:0.97-83.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 grubby.x86_64 7.0.15-5.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 gzip.x86_64 1.3.12-19.el6_4 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 hwdata.noarch 0.233-9.1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 info.x86_64 4.13a-8.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 initscripts.x86_64 9.03.40-2.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 iproute.x86_64 2.6.32-31.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 iptables.x86_64 1.4.7-11.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 iptables-ipv6.x86_64 1.4.7-11.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 iputils.x86_64 20071127-17.el6_4.2 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 iscsi-initiator-utils.x86_64 6.2.0.873-10.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 kbd.x86_64 1.15-11.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 kbd-misc.noarch 1.15-11.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 kernel.x86_64 2.6.32-431.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 kernel-firmware.noarch 2.6.32-431.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 keyutils-libs.x86_64 1.4-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 kpartx.x86_64 0.4.9-72.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 krb5-libs.x86_64 1.10.3-10.el6_4.6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 less.x86_64 436-10.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libacl.x86_64 2.2.49-6.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libaio.x86_64 0.3.107-10.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libattr.x86_64 2.4.44-7.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libblkid.x86_64 2.17.2-12.14.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libcap.x86_64 2.16-5.5.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libcap-ng.x86_64 0.6.4-3.el6_0.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libcom_err.x86_64 1.41.12-18.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libcurl.x86_64 7.19.7-37.el6_4 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libdrm.x86_64 2.4.45-2.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libedit.x86_64 2.11-4.20080712cvs.1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libffi.x86_64 3.0.5-3.2.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libgcc.x86_64 4.4.7-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libgcrypt.x86_64 1.4.5-11.el6_4 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libgpg-error.x86_64 1.7-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libidn.x86_64 1.18-2.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libnih.x86_64 1.0.1-7.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libpciaccess.x86_64 0.13.1-2.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libselinux.x86_64 2.0.94-5.3.el6_4.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libselinux-utils.x86_64 2.0.94-5.3.el6_4.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libsemanage.x86_64 2.0.43-4.2.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libsepol.x86_64 2.0.41-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libss.x86_64 1.41.12-18.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libssh2.x86_64 1.4.2-1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libstdc++.x86_64 4.4.7-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libtasn1.x86_64 2.3-3.el6_2.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libudev.x86_64 147-2.51.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libusb.x86_64 0.1.12-23.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libuser.x86_64 0.56.13-5.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libutempter.x86_64 1.1.5-4.1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libuuid.x86_64 2.17.2-12.14.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 libxml2.x86_64 2.7.6-14.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 logrotate.x86_64 3.7.8-17.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 lsscsi.x86_64 0.23-2.el6 @base lua.x86_64 5.1.4-4.1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 lvm2.x86_64 2.02.100-8.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 lvm2-libs.x86_64 2.02.100-8.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 m4.x86_64 1.4.13-5.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 make.x86_64 1:3.81-20.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 man.x86_64 1.6f-32.el6 @base man-pages.noarch 3.22-20.el6 @base man-pages-cs.noarch 0.18.20090209-2.1.el6 @base man-pages-es.noarch 1.55-14.el6 @base man-pages-es-extra.noarch 1.55-14.el6 @base man-pages-fr.noarch 3.23-10.el6 @base man-pages-it.noarch 2.80-6.el6 @base man-pages-ja.noarch 20100115-6.el6 @base man-pages-ko.noarch 2:20050219-17.el6 @base man-pages-overrides.noarch 6.5.3-1.el6_5 @updates man-pages-pl.noarch 0.24-8.1.el6 @base man-pages-ru.noarch 0.97-9.el6 @base man-pages-uk.noarch 0.1-0.11.20071108.el6 @base mdadm.x86_64 3.2.6-7.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 mingetty.x86_64 1.08-5.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 module-init-tools.x86_64 3.9-21.el6_4 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 mysql.x86_64 5.1.73-3.el6_5 @updates mysql-libs.x86_64 5.1.73-3.el6_5 @updates mysql-server.x86_64 5.1.73-3.el6_5 @updates ncurses.x86_64 5.7-3.20090208.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 ncurses-base.x86_64 5.7-3.20090208.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 ncurses-libs.x86_64 5.7-3.20090208.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 net-tools.x86_64 1.60-110.el6_2 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 newt.x86_64 0.52.11-3.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 newt-python.x86_64 0.52.11-3.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 nspr.x86_64 4.10.0-1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 nss.x86_64 3.15.1-15.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 nss-softokn.x86_64 3.14.3-9.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 nss-softokn-freebl.x86_64 3.14.3-9.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 nss-sysinit.x86_64 3.15.1-15.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 nss-tools.x86_64 3.15.1-15.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 nss-util.x86_64 3.15.1-3.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 openldap.x86_64 2.4.23-32.el6_4.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 openssh.x86_64 5.3p1-94.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 openssh-clients.x86_64 5.3p1-94.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 openssh-server.x86_64 5.3p1-94.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 openssl.x86_64 1.0.1e-15.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 p11-kit.x86_64 0.18.5-2.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 p11-kit-trust.x86_64 0.18.5-2.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 pam.x86_64 1.1.1-17.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 passwd.x86_64 0.77-4.el6_2.2 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 pciutils-libs.x86_64 3.1.10-2.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 pcre.x86_64 7.8-6.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 perl.x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6 @base perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 4.013-3.el6 @base perl-DBI.x86_64 1.609-4.el6 @base perl-Error.noarch 1:0.17015-4.el6 @base perl-Git.noarch 1.7.1-3.el6_4.1 @base perl-Module-Pluggable.x86_64 1:3.90-136.el6 @base perl-Pod-Escapes.x86_64 1:1.04-136.el6 @base perl-Pod-Simple.x86_64 1:3.13-136.el6 @base perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.10.1-136.el6 @base perl-version.x86_64 3:0.77-136.el6 @base pinentry.x86_64 0.7.6-6.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 pkgconfig.x86_64 1:0.23-9.1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 plymouth.x86_64 0.8.3-27.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 plymouth-core-libs.x86_64 0.8.3-27.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 plymouth-scripts.x86_64 0.8.3-27.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 policycoreutils.x86_64 2.0.83-19.39.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 popt.x86_64 1.13-7.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 postfix.x86_64 2:2.6.6-2.2.el6_1 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 procps.x86_64 3.2.8-25.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 psmisc.x86_64 22.6-15.el6_0.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 pth.x86_64 2.0.7-9.3.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 pygpgme.x86_64 0.1-18.20090824bzr68.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 python.x86_64 2.6.6-51.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 python-iniparse.noarch 0.3.1-2.1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 python-libs.x86_64 2.6.6-51.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 python-pycurl.x86_64 7.19.0-8.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 python-urlgrabber.noarch 3.9.1-9.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 readline.x86_64 6.0-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 redhat-logos.noarch 60.0.14-12.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 rootfiles.noarch 8.1-6.1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 rpm.x86_64 4.8.0-37.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 rpm-libs.x86_64 4.8.0-37.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 rpm-python.x86_64 4.8.0-37.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 rsync.x86_64 3.0.6-9.el6_4.1 @base rsyslog.x86_64 5.8.10-8.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 sed.x86_64 4.2.1-10.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 selinux-policy.noarch 3.7.19-231.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 selinux-policy-targeted.noarch 3.7.19-231.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 setup.noarch 2.8.14-20.el6_4.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 shadow-utils.x86_64 2:4.1.4.2-13.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 shared-mime-info.x86_64 0.70-4.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 slang.x86_64 2.2.1-1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 sqlite.x86_64 3.6.20-1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 sudo.x86_64 1.8.6p3-12.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 system-config-firewall-base.noarch 1.2.27-5.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 sysvinit-tools.x86_64 2.87-5.dsf.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 tar.x86_64 2:1.23-11.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 tcp_wrappers-libs.x86_64 7.6-57.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 tzdata.noarch 2013g-1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 udev.x86_64 147-2.51.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 upstart.x86_64 0.6.5-12.el6_4.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 ustr.x86_64 1.0.4-9.1.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 util-linux-ng.x86_64 2.17.2-12.14.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 vim-common.x86_64 2:7.2.411-1.8.el6 @base vim-enhanced.x86_64 2:7.2.411-1.8.el6 @base vim-minimal.x86_64 2:7.2.411-1.8.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 which.x86_64 2.19-6.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 xfsprogs.x86_64 3.1.1-14.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 xz.x86_64 4.999.9-0.3.beta.20091007git.el6 @base xz-libs.x86_64 4.999.9-0.3.beta.20091007git.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 xz-lzma-compat.x86_64 4.999.9-0.3.beta.20091007git.el6 @base yum.noarch 3.2.29-40.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 yum-metadata-parser.x86_64 1.1.2-16.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 yum-plugin-fastestmirror.noarch 1.1.30-14.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 zlib.x86_64 1.2.3-29.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5 [root@h1 ~]#
2，如果输出的信息太多，我们可以重定向到一个文件中，命令如下：
yun list installed >> installed_software.txt
3,查看某个特定软件包的信息使用命令，和验证是否安装：
yum list 软件包名
yum list installed 软件包名
[root@h1 ~]# yum list mysql Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.yun-idc.com * extras: mirrors.yun-idc.com * updates: mirrors.btte.net Installed Packages mysql.x86_64 5.1.73-3.el6_5 @updates [root@h1 ~]# yum list installed mysql Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.yun-idc.com * extras: mirrors.yun-idc.com * updates: mirrors.btte.net Installed Packages mysql.x86_64 5.1.73-3.el6_5 @updates [root@h1 ~]#
如果需要找什么软件包提供了系统上的某个文件，yum命令如下：
[root@h1 ~]# yum provides /etc/yum.conf Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.yun-idc.com * extras: mirrors.yun-idc.com * updates: mirrors.btte.net yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch : RPM package installer/updater/manager Repo : base Matched from: Filename : /etc/yum.conf yum-3.2.29-43.el6.centos.noarch : RPM package installer/updater/manager Repo : updates Matched from: Filename : /etc/yum.conf yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch : RPM package installer/updater/manager Repo : installed Matched from: Other : Provides-match: /etc/yum.conf [root@h1 ~]# yum provides /etc/passwd Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.yun-idc.com * extras: mirrors.yun-idc.com * updates: mirrors.btte.net setup-2.8.14-20.el6_4.1.noarch : A set of system configuration and setup files Repo : base Matched from: Filename : /etc/passwd setup-2.8.14-20.el6_4.1.noarch : A set of system configuration and setup files Repo : installed Matched from: Other : Provides-match: /etc/passwd [root@h1 ~]# yum provides /var/ Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.yun-idc.com * extras: mirrors.yun-idc.com * updates: mirrors.btte.net base/filelists_db | 5.9 MB 01:23 extras/filelists_db | 11 kB 00:00 updates/filelists_db | 2.7 MB 00:01 filesystem-2.4.30-3.el6.x86_64 : The basic directory layout for a Linux system Repo : base Matched from: Filename : /var/ filesystem-2.4.30-3.el6.x86_64 : The basic directory layout for a Linux system Repo : installed Matched from: Other : Provides-match: /var/ [root@h1 ~]#
yum安装软件命令 yum install 软件包名(支持通配)
[root@h1 ~]# yum install wget Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.yun-idc.com * extras: mirrors.yun-idc.com * updates: mirrors.btte.net Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package wget.x86_64 0:1.12-1.11.el6_5 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================================================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================ Installing: wget x86_64 1.12-1.11.el6_5 updates 483 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================ Install 1 Package(s) Total download size: 483 k Installed size: 1.8 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: wget-1.12-1.11.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | 483 kB 00:00 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : wget-1.12-1.11.el6_5.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : wget-1.12-1.11.el6_5.x86_64 1/1 Installed: wget.x86_64 0:1.12-1.11.el6_5 Complete! [root@h1 ~]#
使用yum手动安装rpm文件包，yum命令如下：
yum localinstall 软件包名.rpm即可
yum更新软件：
1，查看所有需要更新的内容 命令：yum list updates
[root@h1 ~]# yum list updates Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.yun-idc.com * extras: mirrors.yun-idc.com * updates: mirrors.btte.net Updated Packages audit.x86_64 2.2-4.el6_5 updates audit-libs.x86_64 2.2-4.el6_5 updates ca-certificates.noarch 2014.1.98-65.0.el6_5 updates centos-release.x86_64 6-5.el6.centos.11.2 updates coreutils.x86_64 8.4-31.el6_5.2 updates coreutils-libs.x86_64 8.4-31.el6_5.2 updates curl.x86_64 7.19.7-37.el6_5.3 updates device-mapper-multipath.x86_64 0.4.9-72.el6_5.3 updates device-mapper-multipath-libs.x86_64 0.4.9-72.el6_5.3 updates device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 0.2.8-4.el6_5 updates dracut.noarch 004-336.el6_5.2 updates dracut-kernel.noarch 004-336.el6_5.2 updates e2fsprogs.x86_64 1.41.12-18.el6_5.1 updates e2fsprogs-libs.x86_64 1.41.12-18.el6_5.1 updates ethtool.x86_64 2:3.5-1.4.el6_5 updates glib2.x86_64 2.26.1-7.el6_5 updates glibc.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6_5.2 updates glibc-common.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6_5.2 updates grep.x86_64 2.6.3-4.el6_5.1 updates grub.x86_64 1:0.97-84.el6_5 updates initscripts.x86_64 9.03.40-2.el6.centos.3 updates iproute.x86_64 2.6.32-32.el6_5 updates kernel.x86_64 2.6.32-431.23.3.el6 updates kernel-firmware.noarch 2.6.32-431.23.3.el6 updates kpartx.x86_64 0.4.9-72.el6_5.3 updates krb5-libs.x86_64 1.10.3-15.el6_5.1 updates libblkid.x86_64 2.17.2-12.14.el6_5 updates libcom_err.x86_64 1.41.12-18.el6_5.1 updates libcurl.x86_64 7.19.7-37.el6_5.3 updates libss.x86_64 1.41.12-18.el6_5.1 updates libtasn1.x86_64 2.3-6.el6_5 updates libuuid.x86_64 2.17.2-12.14.el6_5 updates libxml2.x86_64 2.7.6-14.el6_5.2 updates mdadm.x86_64 3.2.6-7.el6_5.2 updates nspr.x86_64 4.10.6-1.el6_5 updates nss.x86_64 3.16.1-4.el6_5 updates nss-softokn.x86_64 3.14.3-10.el6_5 updates nss-softokn-freebl.x86_64 3.14.3-10.el6_5 updates nss-sysinit.x86_64 3.16.1-4.el6_5 updates nss-tools.x86_64 3.16.1-4.el6_5 updates nss-util.x86_64 3.16.1-1.el6_5 updates openldap.x86_64 2.4.23-34.el6_5.1 updates openssl.x86_64 1.0.1e-16.el6_5.14 updates p11-kit.x86_64 0.18.5-2.el6_5.2 updates p11-kit-trust.x86_64 0.18.5-2.el6_5.2 updates postfix.x86_64 2:2.6.6-6.el6_5 updates psmisc.x86_64 22.6-19.el6_5 updates python.x86_64 2.6.6-52.el6 updates python-libs.x86_64 2.6.6-52.el6 updates selinux-policy.noarch 3.7.19-231.el6_5.3 updates selinux-policy-targeted.noarch 3.7.19-231.el6_5.3 updates tzdata.noarch 2014e-1.el6 updates upstart.x86_64 0.6.5-13.el6_5.3 updates util-linux-ng.x86_64 2.17.2-12.14.el6_5 updates yum.noarch 3.2.29-43.el6.centos updates yum-plugin-fastestmirror.noarch 1.1.30-17.el6_5 updates [root@h1 ~]#
如果你发现某个软件包需要更新，执行命令：
yum update 软件包名
更新所有的命令
yum update
yum卸载软件，命令如下：
yum remove 软件包名
要删除软件和它所有的文件命令：
yum erase 软件包名
如果包的依赖关系损坏了，先执行yum clean all，然后执行
yum update ，如果还不行，可以试试下面的这个命令：
yum deplist 软件包名 查看依赖关系后，我们就可以安装它依赖的关系。
查看我的yum的仓库命令：
yum repolist
[root@h1 ~]# yum repolist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.yun-idc.com * extras: mirrors.yun-idc.com * updates: mirrors.btte.net repo id repo name status base CentOS-6 - Base 6,367 extras CentOS-6 - Extras 14 updates CentOS-6 - Updates 1,251 repolist: 7,632
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如何在shell中curl一个带变量的post请求
2016-11-04 14:24 13743有时候，我们想在一个shell中，执行一段脚本，循环post一 ... -
跟散仙学shell命令（八）
2014-08-06 18:49 2141本篇是散仙shell命令篇的最后一篇博客（后阶段会写shell ... -
跟散仙学shell命令（六）
2014-08-05 17:58 1841继上篇散仙写的Linux下环境变量的配置与使用，本篇散仙要写的 ... -
跟散仙学shell命令（五）
2014-08-04 18:45 2210今天散仙，要说的，是关于linux中的环境变量的使用，环境变量 ... -
跟散仙学shell命令（四）
2014-08-01 21:46 1266本篇主要讲述命令如下 ... -
跟散仙学shell命令(三)
2014-08-01 21:17 1852本篇散仙主要讲一些，linux进程的管理，磁盘信息统计，CPU ... -
跟散仙学shell命令(二)
2014-08-01 20:31 1925（1）rm删除命令，删除文件或目录 rm -rf source ... -
跟散仙学shell命令(一)
2014-07-31 13:51 3221linux系统的重要性不言而喻了，好多项目都要部署到linux ...
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Java 调用 Shell 命令 在 Java 中调用 Shell 命令是非常常见的操作，特别是在需要执行系统命令或脚本时。在这个例子中，我们将看到如何使用 Java 调用 Shell 命令，并介绍相关的知识点。 Java 调用 Shell 命令的...
在IT领域，Shell命令是Linux和Unix操作系统中的一个强大工具，它允许用户通过文本界面与操作系统进行交互。这本书“shell命令文档 中文版”提供了一个全面的指南，涵盖了所有基本到高级的Shell命令，这对于系统管理...
Linux Shell 命令解释步骤程序实现 Linux Shell 命令解释是 Linux 操作系统中最基本也是最重要的一部分，它负责处理用户与操作系统之间的交互动作，并且给出相应的操作系统的输出结果。 Shell 基本上是一个命令...
ubuntu_shell命令学习
Shell 既是一种命令语言，又是一种程序设计语言。 Shell 是指一种应用程序，这个应用程序提供了一个界面，用户通过这个界面访问操作系统内核的服务。 Ken Thompson 的 sh 是第一种 Unix Shell，Windows Explorer 是...
标题中提到的“shell命令豪华版”说明了本内容主要围绕Shell命令进行展开，Shell命令是Linux操作系统中最基本、最核心的命令集合，对于Linux新手而言，掌握这些命令是至关重要的。 Shell是Linux系统中的命令解释器...
shell 命令的用法 Shell 命令是 Linux 操作系统中最基本也是最重要的工具之一，它提供了强大的命令行接口，能够帮助用户快速高效地完成各种任务。了解 shell 命令的用法是每一个 Linux 用户的必备知识。 1. cp ...
Android Debug Bridge（ADB）就是一个强大的工具，允许开发者从计算机上对连接的Android设备进行各种操作，包括发送shell命令。本篇将深入探讨如何在APK程序中执行Adb shell命令以及它与高级语言之间的调用关系。 ...
本单元实现了一个伪的Shell，可以用于在Android程序中执行Shell命令，如果需要Root权限，则在执行前，调用AskForRoot方法来获取用户的Root授权，如果不再需要在Root账号下执行命令，则调用ExitRoot方法来退出Root...
### Python调用Shell命令知识点详解 #### 一、引言 在进行系统自动化运维或脚本编程时，经常需要从Python脚本中调用Shell命令来执行特定任务，如文件管理、网络操作等。本文将详细介绍如何使用Python来调用Shell...
Linux Shell命令是Linux操作系统中用于执行各种操作的指令集，从文件管理到系统维护，Shell命令无所不包。学习Shell命令对于Linux系统管理员和程序员来说是基础而重要的技能。本篇内容将详细介绍Shell命令在Linux...
放在Post Steps 的shell命令 ,一键自动部署（2021最新版）
在Android平台上，有时候开发者需要超越普通应用程序的权限范围，例如执行系统级别的操作，这就涉及到给APP授权和执行Shell命令。Android系统默认是以安全为优先，不允许应用无限制地执行shell命令，但通过获取Root...
Shell命令解析器是Linux操作系统中的一个核心组件，它充当用户与操作系统内核之间的接口，使得用户可以通过命令行界面执行各种操作。在本文中，我们将深入探讨shell命令解析器的工作原理，以及如何使用C语言编程来...
相信喜欢linux的同志会喜欢的 当然针对的是ubuntu 不过 我以后会提供更多的 呵呵