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Linux: 10 个 Netstat 命令实例

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Netstat 命令用于显示各种网络相关信息,如网络连接,路由表,接口状态 (Interface Statistics),masquerade 连接,多播成员 (Multicast Memberships) 等等。本文提供 10 个非常实用的 Netstat 命令实例。

 

1. 列出所有端口 (包括监听和未监听的)


列出所有端口 netstat -a

 

netstat -a | more

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -a | more
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State      
tcp        0      0 *:5666                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:rsync                     *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:47537          115.239.224.60:60000        ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 *:6080                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8035  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:8039                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:7080                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:rsync                     *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8015  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:webcache                  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:personal-agent            *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:8019                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:ssh                       *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:glrpc                     *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8025  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:8029                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:esri_sde                  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0     48 diancai1.com:ssh            localhost:57648             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55624          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:53528          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:53529          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:53484          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:53483          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:53482          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 

 

 

列出所有 tcp 端口 netstat -at

 

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -at
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State      
tcp        0      0 *:5666                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:rsync                     *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:47537          115.239.224.60:60000        ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 *:6080                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8035  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:8039                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:7080                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:rsync                     *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8015  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:webcache                  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:personal-agent            *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:8019                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:ssh                       *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:glrpc                     *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8025  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:8029                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:esri_sde                  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0    512 diancai1.com:ssh            localhost:57648             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:6080           localhost:14048             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55624          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:53528          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:53529          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:53484          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
 

 

 

列出所有 udp 端口 netstat -au

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -au
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State      
udp        0      0 *:bootpc                    *:*                                   

 

2.列出所有处于监听状态的 Sockets

 

只显示监听端口 netstat -l

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -l
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State      
tcp        0      0 *:5666                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:rsync                     *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:6080                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8035  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:8039                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:7080                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:rsync                     *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8015  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:webcache                  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:personal-agent            *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:8019                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:ssh                       *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:glrpc                     *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8025  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:8029                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:esri_sde                  *:*                         LISTEN      
udp        0      0 *:bootpc                    *:*                                     
Active UNIX domain sockets (only servers)
Proto RefCnt Flags       Type       State         I-Node Path
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     8560   /tmp/.gdm_socket
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     8589   /tmp/.X11-unix/X0

 

只列出所有监听 tcp 端口 netstat -lt

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -lt
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State      
tcp        0      0 *:5666                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:rsync                     *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:6080                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8035  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:8039                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:7080                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:rsync                     *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8015  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:webcache                  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:personal-agent            *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:8019                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:ssh                       *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:glrpc                     *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8025  *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:8029                      *:*                         LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 *:esri_sde                  *:*                         LISTEN      

 

只列出所有监听 udp 端口 netstat -lu

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -lu
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State      
udp        0      0 *:bootpc                    *:*                                    

 

只列出所有监听 UNIX 端口 netstat -lx

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -lx
Active UNIX domain sockets (only servers)
Proto RefCnt Flags       Type       State         I-Node Path
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     8560   /tmp/.gdm_socket
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     8589   /tmp/.X11-unix/X0

 

3.显示每个协议的统计信息


显示所有端口的统计信息 netstat -s

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -s
Ip:
    1037044938 total packets received
    121 with invalid addresses
    0 forwarded
    0 incoming packets discarded
    1036911071 incoming packets delivered
    2034453624 requests sent out
    35 fragments failed
Icmp:
    12687916 ICMP messages received
    8420682 input ICMP message failed.
    ICMP input histogram:
        destination unreachable: 3522
        timeout in transit: 9777
        echo requests: 12674586
        echo replies: 31
    4254071 ICMP messages sent
    0 ICMP messages failed
    ICMP output histogram:
        destination unreachable: 52
        echo request: 113
        echo replies: 4253904
IcmpMsg:
        InType0: 31
        InType3: 3522
        InType8: 12674586
        InType11: 9777
        OutType0: 4253904
        OutType1: 2
        OutType3: 52
        OutType8: 113
Tcp:
    41289248 active connections openings
    40566438 passive connection openings
    1428278 failed connection attempts
    180025 connection resets received
    46 connections established
    1023982902 segments received
    907824976 segments send out
    503660 segments retransmited
    1 bad segments received.
    4290136 resets sent
Udp:
    509280 packets received
    24 packets to unknown port received.
    0 packet receive errors
    509934 packets sent
TcpExt:
    365906 invalid SYN cookies received
    271 resets received for embryonic SYN_RECV sockets
    55 packets pruned from receive queue because of socket buffer overrun
    6316 ICMP packets dropped because they were out-of-window
    26 ICMP packets dropped because socket was locked
    39728257 TCP sockets finished time wait in fast timer
    105112 time wait sockets recycled by time stamp
    1 TCP sockets finished time wait in slow timer
    45200334 delayed acks sent
    192823 delayed acks further delayed because of locked socket
    Quick ack mode was activated 32969 times
    1161215 times the listen queue of a socket overflowed
    1161215 SYNs to LISTEN sockets ignored
    454089419 packets directly queued to recvmsg prequeue.
    2713155 packets directly received from backlog
    310674262 packets directly received from prequeue
    615928746 packets header predicted
    235531 packets header predicted and directly queued to user
    87820741 acknowledgments not containing data received
    312798179 predicted acknowledgments
    15896 times recovered from packet loss due to SACK data
    5 bad SACKs received
    Detected reordering 1 times using FACK
    Detected reordering 1 times using SACK
    Detected reordering 11 times using time stamp
    15 congestion windows fully recovered
    29 congestion windows partially recovered using Hoe heuristic
    TCPDSACKUndo: 5227
    7216 congestion windows recovered after partial ack
    21724 TCP data loss events
    1 timeouts after reno fast retransmit
    2728 timeouts after SACK recovery
    642 timeouts in loss state
    40489 fast retransmits
    313 forward retransmits
    244256 retransmits in slow start
    111404 other TCP timeouts
    2596 sack retransmits failed
    13159 packets collapsed in receive queue due to low socket buffer
    55147 DSACKs sent for old packets
    101 DSACKs sent for out of order packets
    136949 DSACKs received
    8 DSACKs for out of order packets received
    2307330 connections reset due to unexpected data
    5238 connections reset due to early user close
    25640 connections aborted due to timeout
IpExt:
    InMcastPkts: 8420682
    InBcastPkts: 149203

 

显示 TCP 或 UDP 端口的统计信息 netstat -st 或 -su

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -st
IcmpMsg:
    InType0: 31
    InType3: 3522
    InType8: 12674598
    InType11: 9777
    OutType0: 4253906
    OutType1: 2
    OutType3: 52
    OutType8: 113
Tcp:
    41289265 active connections openings
    40566490 passive connection openings
    1428280 failed connection attempts
    180025 connection resets received
    46 connections established
    1023984103 segments received
    907825655 segments send out
    503664 segments retransmited
    1 bad segments received.
    4290138 resets sent
TcpExt:
    365906 invalid SYN cookies received
    271 resets received for embryonic SYN_RECV sockets
    55 packets pruned from receive queue because of socket buffer overrun
    6316 ICMP packets dropped because they were out-of-window
    26 ICMP packets dropped because socket was locked
    39728270 TCP sockets finished time wait in fast timer
    105112 time wait sockets recycled by time stamp
    1 TCP sockets finished time wait in slow timer
    45200362 delayed acks sent
    192824 delayed acks further delayed because of locked socket
    Quick ack mode was activated 32970 times
    1161215 times the listen queue of a socket overflowed
    1161215 SYNs to LISTEN sockets ignored
    454089687 packets directly queued to recvmsg prequeue.
    2713159 packets directly received from backlog
    310674514 packets directly received from prequeue
    615929541 packets header predicted
    235561 packets header predicted and directly queued to user
    87820876 acknowledgments not containing data received
    312798309 predicted acknowledgments
    15896 times recovered from packet loss due to SACK data
    5 bad SACKs received
    Detected reordering 1 times using FACK
    Detected reordering 1 times using SACK
    Detected reordering 11 times using time stamp
    15 congestion windows fully recovered
    29 congestion windows partially recovered using Hoe heuristic
    TCPDSACKUndo: 5227
    7216 congestion windows recovered after partial ack
    21724 TCP data loss events
    1 timeouts after reno fast retransmit
    2728 timeouts after SACK recovery
    642 timeouts in loss state
    40489 fast retransmits
    313 forward retransmits
    244256 retransmits in slow start
    111406 other TCP timeouts
    2596 sack retransmits failed
    13159 packets collapsed in receive queue due to low socket buffer
    55148 DSACKs sent for old packets
    101 DSACKs sent for out of order packets
    136949 DSACKs received
    8 DSACKs for out of order packets received
    2307330 connections reset due to unexpected data
    5238 connections reset due to early user close
    25640 connections aborted due to timeout
IpExt:
    InMcastPkts: 8420692
    InBcastPkts: 149203

 

4.在 netstat 输出中显示 PID 和进程名称 netstat -p
netstat -p 可以与其它开关一起使用,就可以添加 “PID/进程名称” 到 netstat 输出中,这样 debugging 的时候可以很方便的发现特定端口运行的程序。

 

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -pt
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:glrpc          localhost:47786             SYN_RECV    -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:47537          115.239.224.60:60000        ESTABLISHED 27294/dns           
tcp        0    288 diancai1.com:ssh            localhost:57648             ESTABLISHED 21360/1             
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:webcache       localhost:57867             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55358          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55357          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55355          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55354          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55353          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55350          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55349          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55347          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55346          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55345          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55344          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55342          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55341          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55340          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55338          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55337          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55336          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55333          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55332          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55330          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55329          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55328          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55323          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55322          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55321          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55318          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55317          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55315          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55313          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55312          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55311          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55306          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   -                   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55361          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55360          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:53528          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55289          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55290          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55254          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55255          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55256          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55258          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55259          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:62676          localhost:11211             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:62688          localhost:11211             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:42154          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13574/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:45857          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13574/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:40218          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:40217          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:40177          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:40176          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:40175          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:27391          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:apm-link       localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13574/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:32482          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13574/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:esri_sde       localhost:34142             ESTABLISHED 13574/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:32055          localhost:11211             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:jerand-lm      localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13574/java          

 

5. 在 netstat 输出中不显示主机,端口和用户名 (host, port or user)
当你不想让主机,端口和用户名显示,使用 netstat -n。将会使用数字代替那些名称。同样可以加速输出,因为不用进行比对查询。

 

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -an
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5666                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:873                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 172.16.2.2:9080             172.16.1.12:48674           SYN_RECV    
tcp        0      0 172.16.2.2:47537            115.239.224.60:60000        ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 :::6080                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8035       :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::8039                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::7080                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::873                      :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8015       :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::8080                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::5555                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::8019                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::9080                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8025       :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::8029                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::5151                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0    640 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:22        ::ffff:172.16.17.11:57648   ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55358     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55355     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55354     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55351     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55349     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55347     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55346     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55345     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55344     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55333     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55366     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55365     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55364     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55361     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55360     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56634     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56632     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56633     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56638     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56636     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56637     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56626     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56627     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56625     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56631     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56619     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56620     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56621     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56648     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56642     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56640     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56641     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56647     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:56644     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:53528     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55289     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55290     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55254     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55255     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55256     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55258     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:55259     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:62676     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:11211     ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:62688     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:11211     ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:42154     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:45857     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:40218     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:40217     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:40177     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:40176     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:40175     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:27391     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:32483     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:32482     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:8080      ::ffff:172.16.1.12:52664    ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:6080      ::ffff:172.16.1.12:51377    ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:5151      ::ffff:172.16.2.253:34142   ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:32055     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:11211     ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:7080      ::ffff:172.16.1.12:53420    ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:1810      ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:5151      ::ffff:172.16.1.12:38644    ESTABLISHED 
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:68                  0.0.0.0:*                               
Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established)
Proto RefCnt Flags       Type       State         I-Node Path
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     8560   /tmp/.gdm_socket
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    3236   @/org/kernel/udev/udevd
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     8589   /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix  9      [ ]         DGRAM                    8177   /dev/log
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    263514767 
unix  2      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     260618162 
unix  2      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     253364545 
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    10021  
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     8700   /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     8699   
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     8695   /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     8694   
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     8674   /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     8593   
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    8583   
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    8296   
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    8273   
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    8255   
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    8185   

 

6.持续输出 netstat 信息
netstat 将每隔一秒输出网络信息。

netstat -c

 

7.显示系统不支持的地址族 (Address Families)

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat --verbose
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State      
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:47537          115.239.224.60:60000        ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0    256 diancai1.com:ssh            localhost:57648             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55333          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56698          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56696          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56697          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56702          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56703          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56700          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56701          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56690          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56691          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56688          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56689          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56692          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56682          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56683          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56680          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56686          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56687          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56684          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56673          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56678          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56679          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56676          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56677          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56666          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56667          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56670          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56671          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56668          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56669          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56659          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56661          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56648          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56649          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56654          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56655          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56652          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56647          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:53528          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55289          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55290          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55254          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55255          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55256          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55258          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55259          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:62676          localhost:11211             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:62688          localhost:11211             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:42154          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:45857          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:40218          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:40217          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:40177          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:40176          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:40175          localhost:mysql             TIME_WAIT   
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:27391          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:apm-link       localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:32482          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:esri_sde       localhost:34142             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:32055          localhost:11211             ESTABLISHED 
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:jerand-lm      localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 
netstat: no support for `AF INET (sctp)' on this system.
Active UNIX domain sockets (w/o servers)
Proto RefCnt Flags       Type       State         I-Node Path
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    3236   @/org/kernel/udev/udevd
unix  9      [ ]         DGRAM                    8177   /dev/log
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    263514767 
unix  2      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     260618162 
unix  2      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     253364545 
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    10021  
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     8700   /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     8699   
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     8695   /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     8694   
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     8674   /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     8593   
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    8583   
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    8296   
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    8273   
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    8255   
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    8185   
netstat: no support for `AF IPX' on this system.
netstat: no support for `AF AX25' on this system.
netstat: no support for `AF X25' on this system.
netstat: no support for `AF NETROM' on this system.

 

8.显示核心路由信息 netstat -r

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -r
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
172.16.2.0      *               255.255.255.128 U         0 0          0 eth0
169.254.95.0    *               255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 usb0
169.254.0.0     *               255.255.0.0     U         0 0          0 usb0
default         localhost       0.0.0.0         UG        0 0          0 eth0

 

注意:使用 netstat -rn 显示数字格式,不查询主机名称。

 

9.找出程序运行的端口
并不是所有的进程都能找到,没有权限的会不显示,使用 root 权限查看所有的信息。

 

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -ap | grep java
tcp        0      0 *:6080                      *:*                         LISTEN      24356/java          
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8035  *:*                         LISTEN      13212/java          
tcp        0      0 *:8039                      *:*                         LISTEN      13212/java          
tcp        0      0 *:7080                      *:*                         LISTEN      24044/java          
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8015  *:*                         LISTEN      24356/java          
tcp        0      0 *:webcache                  *:*                         LISTEN      13212/java          
tcp        0      0 *:personal-agent            *:*                         LISTEN      13574/java          
tcp        0      0 *:8019                      *:*                         LISTEN      24356/java          
tcp        0      0 localhost.localdomain:8025  *:*                         LISTEN      24044/java          
tcp        0      0 *:8029                      *:*                         LISTEN      24044/java          
tcp        0      0 *:esri_sde                  *:*                         LISTEN      13574/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55333          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56682          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56683          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56684          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56760          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56754          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56752          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56753          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56759          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56756          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56757          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56746          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56747          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56744          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56745          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56751          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56748          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56749          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56738          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56737          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24044/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56743          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56740          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56741          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56732          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56733          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:56725          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55289          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55290          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55254          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55255          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55256          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55258          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:55259          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:62676          localhost:11211             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:62688          localhost:11211             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:42154          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13574/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:45857          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13574/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:40218          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:40217          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13212/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:apm-link       localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13574/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:32482          localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13574/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:esri_sde       localhost:34142             ESTABLISHED 13574/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:32055          localhost:11211             ESTABLISHED 24356/java          
tcp        0      0 diancai1.com:jerand-lm      localhost:mysql             ESTABLISHED 13574/java          
unix  2      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     260618162 13574/java          
unix  2      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     253364545 24356/java          

 

找出运行在指定端口的进程

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -an | grep 80
tcp        0      0 :::6080                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8035       :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::8039                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::7080                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8015       :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::8080                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::8019                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::9080                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8025       :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::8029                     :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:172.16.2.2:12180     ::ffff:172.16.3.2:3306      ESTABLISHED 

 

10.显示网络接口列表

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -i
Kernel Interface table
Iface       MTU Met    RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR    TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
eth0       1500   0 1025699644      0      0      0 2012041617      0      0      0 BMRU
lo        16436   0  5058346      0      0      0  5058346      0      0      0 LRU
usb0       1500   0 17137488      0      0      0  8583040      0      0      0 BMRU

 

显示详细信息,类似 ifconfig 使用 netstat -ie:

[root@diancai1 ~]# netstat -ie
Kernel Interface table
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 5C:F3:FC:B9:84:B0  
          inet addr:172.16.2.2  Bcast:172.16.2.127  Mask:255.255.255.128
          inet6 addr: fe80::5ef3:fcff:feb9:84b0/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:1025700373 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:2012042214 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:561572086964 (523.0 GiB)  TX bytes:236444264469 (220.2 GiB)
          Interrupt:169 Memory:96000000-96012800 

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:5058346 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:5058346 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:1615298995 (1.5 GiB)  TX bytes:1615298995 (1.5 GiB)

usb0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 5E:F3:FC:BF:86:43  
          inet addr:169.254.95.120  Bcast:169.254.95.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::5cf3:fcff:febf:8643/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:17137508 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:8583050 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:1157465313 (1.0 GiB)  TX bytes:408367136 (389.4 MiB)

 

 

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