（转）源码编译安装mysql 5.1

转自 ：http://www.cnblogs.com/zyqduron/archive/2009/02/12/1389259.html
安装环境
         本次安装MySQL的操作系统选用CentOS5.2，mysql选择5.1.31版本。由于现在的mysql被
sun收购，下载免费版本的mysql需要注册，很麻烦，直接到http://linux.softpedia.com/
搜索最新的稳定版本下载即可。

wget ftp://mirror.switch.ch/mirror/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.31.tar.gz

解压 # tar -xvzf msyql-5.1.31.tar.gz
编译安装
         # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisam,ndbcluster --with-extra-charsets=complex --with-charset=utf8
         # make && make install

将mysql的lib文件加载到系统变量中
         # vi /etc/ld.so.conf
         /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql
         # ldconfig -v | grep mysql
       
/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql:
        libmysqlclient.so.16 -> libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0
        libmysqlclient_r.so.16 -> libmysqlclient_r.so.16.0.0

         显示上面信息代表系统加载mysql的lib库正常

创建mysql用户
         # useradd -s /sbin/nologin -c 'mysql user' mysql

将安装目录权限修改为mysql
         # chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

将对应的配置文件复制到/etc/目录下
         # cd /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql
         # cp my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf

编辑my.cnf文件，配置相关参数，结果如下所示：
[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /home/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port            = 3306
socket          = /home/mysql/mysql.sock
datadir         = /home/mysql              # 数据库存放目录
skip-locking
key_buffer = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_cache = 256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size= 16M
thread_concurrency = 8

log-bin=/home/mysql/mysql-bin # 二进制日志文件的绝对路径
binlog-do-db=gamedb            # 需要记录二进制日志的数据库
binlog_format=mixed

log-error=/home/mysql/error.log
pid-file=/home/mysql/mysql.pid

server-id       = 10

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[isamchk]
key_buffer = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

生成默认数据库
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db

将默认数据库的权限修改为mysql
# cd /home/
# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql

安装完毕收尾工作
         # cd /usr/local/bin
         # ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* .
         # cd /usr/local/libexec
         # ln -s /usr/local/mysql/libexec/* .
         # cd /usr/share/man/man1
         # ln -s /usr/local/mysql/share/man/man1/* .
         # cd ../man8
         # ln -s /usr/local/mysql/share/man/man8/* .

将mysql作为系统服务随系统启动
         # cd /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
         # chkconfig --add mysqld
         # chkconfig mysqld on

启动mysql
         # mysqld_safe &
         或
         # service mysqld start

如果报错，查看/home/mysql/error.log文件排查问题

查看数据目录下的文件
ll /home/mysql
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql root      2041 Feb 12 16:57 error.log
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 10485760 Feb 12 16:56 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Feb 12 16:57 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Feb 12 15:29 ib_logfile1
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 Feb 12 15:27 mysql
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    18902 Feb 12 15:27 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql   704189 Feb 12 15:27 mysql-bin.000002
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      125 Feb 12 15:33 mysql-bin.000003
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      125 Feb 12 16:49 mysql-bin.000004
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      125 Feb 12 16:56 mysql-bin.000005
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      125 Feb 12 16:56 mysql-bin.000006
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      106 Feb 12 16:57 mysql-bin.000007
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      203 Feb 12 16:57 mysql-bin.index
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql        6 Feb 12 16:57 mysql.pid
srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql        0 Feb 12 16:57 mysql.sock
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 Feb 12 15:27 test