实现一个简单的Http请求及响应过程：
1、Client向Server发送http请求。
2、Server端对http请求进行解析。
3、Server端向client发送http响应。
4、Client对http响应进行解析。
package rpc.server;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Inet4Address;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.collections4.MapUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseEncoder;
import rpc.common.Constant;
import rpc.common.annotation.HttpService;
import rpc.server.exception.RpcInitialException;
import rpc.server.handler.RpcHttpHandler;
import rpc.server.registry.ServiceRegistry;
public class RpcHttpServer implements ApplicationContextAware, InitializingBean {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RpcServer.class);
private String serverAddress;
private ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry;
private int port;
private static final Map<String, Object> handlerMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
public RpcHttpServer() {
this.serverAddress = getHost();
this.port = getPort();
LOGGER.debug("RpcHttpServer....server address = http://"+this.serverAddress + ":" + this.port);
}
public RpcHttpServer(ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry, int port) {
this.serverAddress = getHost();
//读取空闲的可用端口
this.port = port;
this.serviceRegistry = serviceRegistry;
LOGGER.debug("RpcHttpServer....server address = http://"+this.serverAddress + ":" + this.port);
}
public RpcHttpServer(ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry, String serverAddress, int port) {
this.serverAddress = serverAddress;
//读取空闲的可用端口
this.port = port;
this.serviceRegistry = serviceRegistry;
LOGGER.debug("RpcHttpServer....server address = http://"+this.serverAddress + ":" + this.port);
}
private static String getHost() {
try {
Inet4Address ia = (Inet4Address) Inet4Address.getLocalHost();
return ia.getHostAddress();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
LOGGER.error("Rpc 服务启动失败!", e);
throw new RpcInitialException("Rpc 服务启动失败!", e);
}
}
private static int getPort() {
for (int i = 9000; i< 10000; i++) {
try {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9000);
serverSocket.close();
return serverSocket.getLocalPort();
} catch (IOException e) {
continue;
}
}
return 7999;
}
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext ctx) throws BeansException {
LOGGER.info("RpcServer.setApplicationContext() -- to set ApplicationContext for RPC SERVER");
Map<String, Object> serviceBeanMap = ctx.getBeansWithAnnotation(HttpService.class); // get the rpc serice in spring context
if (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(serviceBeanMap) && serviceBeanMap.values() != null) {
for (Object serviceBean : serviceBeanMap.values()) {
String interfaceName = serviceBean.getClass().getAnnotation(HttpService.class).value().getName();
LOGGER.info("interfaceName = " + interfaceName);
handlerMap.put(interfaceName, serviceBean);
}
} else {
LOGGER.warn("non http service!");
}
LOGGER.info("RpcServer.setApplicationContext() -- to set ApplicationContext for RPC SERVER COMPLETED!");
}
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
LOGGER.info("RpcServer.afterPropertiesSet() -- begin!");
Runnable runner = new ChannelStartRunner();
new Thread(runner).start();
}
private class ChannelStartRunner implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel channel) throws Exception {
channel.pipeline().addLast(new HttpRequestDecoder())
.addLast(new HttpResponseEncoder())
.addLast(new RpcHttpHandler(handlerMap));
}
})
.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128)
.childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind(port).sync();
LOGGER.info("RpcServer.afterPropertiesSet() -- service has bind for port:{}!", port);
if (serviceRegistry != null) {
LOGGER.info("RpcServer.afterPropertiesSet() -- to register rpc service: {}:{}! ", serverAddress, port);
serviceRegistry.register(serverAddress + ":" + port, handlerMap.keySet(), Constant.ZK_HTTP_PATH); // register service
}
future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
} catch (Exception e) {
LOGGER.error("ChannelStartRunner.run() -- ", e);
} finally {
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
}
package rpc.server.handler;
import java.util.Map;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.FullHttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpContent;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Values;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequest;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion;
import net.sf.cglib.reflect.FastClass;
import net.sf.cglib.reflect.FastMethod;
import rpc.common.RpcRequest;
import rpc.common.RpcResponse;
import rpc.common.SerializationUtil;
import rpc.common.http.ByteBufToBytes;
public class RpcHttpHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RpcHttpHandler.class);
private ByteBufToBytes reader;
private HttpRequest request;
private final Map<String, Object> handlerMap;
public RpcHttpHandler(Map<String, Object> handlerMap) {
this.handlerMap = handlerMap;
}
/**
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler#channelRead0(io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext,
* java.lang.Object)
*/
@Override
public void channelRead(final ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
RpcResponse response = new RpcResponse();
if (msg instanceof HttpRequest) {
request = (HttpRequest) msg;
if (HttpHeaders.isContentLengthSet(request)) {
reader = new ByteBufToBytes((int) HttpHeaders.getContentLength(request));
}
}
if (msg instanceof HttpContent) {
HttpContent httpContent = (HttpContent) msg;
ByteBuf content = httpContent.content();
reader.reading(content);
content.release();
if (reader.isEnd()) {
RpcRequest request = SerializationUtil.deserialize(reader.readFull(), RpcRequest.class);
try {
LOGGER.info("RpcHttpHandler.channelRead0 deal with id = {}", request.getRequestId());
response.setRequestId(request.getRequestId());
Object result = handle(request);
response.setResult(result);
LOGGER.info("RpcHttpHandler.channelRead0 ended with id ={}", request.getRequestId());
} catch (Throwable t) {
LOGGER.error("RpcHttpHandler.channelRead0 failed of id = {}!", request.getRequestId(), t);
response.setError(t);
}
FullHttpResponse httpresponse = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpResponseStatus.OK, Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(SerializationUtil.serialize(response)));
httpresponse.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain");
httpresponse.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH, httpresponse.content().readableBytes());
httpresponse.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONNECTION, Values.KEEP_ALIVE);
if (HttpHeaders.isKeepAlive(this.request)) {
httpresponse.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONNECTION, Values.KEEP_ALIVE);
}
ctx.writeAndFlush(httpresponse).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
}
}
}
@Override
public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
ctx.flush();
}
/**
* 处理消息
*
* @param request
* @return
* @throws Throwable
*/
private Object handle(RpcRequest request) throws Throwable {
LOGGER.info("RpcHandler.handle deal with id =" + request.getRequestId());
String className = request.getClassName();
Object serviceBean = handlerMap.get(className);
Class<?> serviceClass = serviceBean.getClass();
String methodName = request.getMethodName();
Class<?>[] parameterTypes = request.getParameterTypes();
Object[] parameters = request.getParameters();
/*
* Method method = serviceClass.getMethod(methodName, parameterTypes);
* method.setAccessible(true); return method.invoke(serviceBean,
* parameters);
*/
FastClass serviceFastClass = FastClass.create(serviceClass);
FastMethod serviceFastMethod = serviceFastClass.getMethod(methodName, parameterTypes);
LOGGER.info("RpcHandler.handle ened with id =" + request.getRequestId());
return serviceFastMethod.invoke(serviceBean, parameters);
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
LOGGER.error("server caught exception", cause);
ctx.close();
}
}
package rpc.common.annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* use for <context:component-scan>,when spring started the rpc service can be started too
* @author mrh
*
*/
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Component
public @interface HttpService {
Class<?> value();
}
package rpc.common.http;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
public class ByteBufToBytes {
private ByteBuf temp;
private boolean end = true;
public ByteBufToBytes(int length) {
temp = Unpooled.buffer(length);
}
public void reading(ByteBuf datas) {
datas.readBytes(temp, datas.readableBytes());
if (this.temp.writableBytes() != 0) {
end = false;
} else {
end = true;
}
}
public boolean isEnd() {
return end;
}
public byte[] readFull() {
if (end) {
byte[] contentByte = new byte[this.temp.readableBytes()];
this.temp.readBytes(contentByte);
this.temp.release();
return contentByte;
} else {
return null;
}
}
public byte[] read(ByteBuf datas) {
byte[] bytes = new byte[datas.readableBytes()];
datas.readBytes(bytes);
return bytes;
}
}
package rpc.client;
import rpc.common.RpcRequest;
import rpc.common.RpcResponse;
public interface Client {
/**
* 发送请求
* @param request
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public RpcResponse send(RpcRequest request) throws Exception;
}
package rpc.client;
import java.net.URI;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.AdaptiveRecvByteBufAllocator;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpRequest;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpContent;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpMethod;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestEncoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion;
import rpc.common.RpcRequest;
import rpc.common.RpcResponse;
import rpc.common.SerializationUtil;
import rpc.common.http.ByteBufToBytes;
/**
* 发起HTTP请求的客户端
* @author mrh
*
*/
public class HttpClient extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter implements Client {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClient.class);
private ByteBufToBytes reader;
private String host;
private int port;
private RpcResponse response;
private final Object obj = new Object();
public HttpClient(String host, int port) {
this.host = host;
this.port = port;
}
@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
System.out.println("channelRead.........");
if (msg instanceof HttpResponse) {
HttpResponse httpresponse = (HttpResponse) msg;
System.out.println("CONTENT_TYPE:" + httpresponse.headers().get(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_TYPE));
if (HttpHeaders.isContentLengthSet(httpresponse)) {
reader = new ByteBufToBytes((int) HttpHeaders.getContentLength(httpresponse));
}
}
if (msg instanceof HttpContent) {
HttpContent httpContent = (HttpContent) msg;
ByteBuf content = httpContent.content();
reader.reading(content);
content.release();
if (reader.isEnd()) {
this.response = SerializationUtil.deserialize(reader.readFull(), RpcResponse.class);
unLock();
}
}
LOGGER.debug("channelRead..4...end");
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
LOGGER.error("4 client caught exception", cause);
ctx.close();
unLock();
}
@Override
public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
LOGGER.debug("channelInactive................");
}
@Override
public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
LOGGER.debug("channelReadComplete................");
}
/**
* 发送RPC远端请求
*
* @param request
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public RpcResponse send(RpcRequest request) throws Exception {
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
this.response = null;
LOGGER.info("RpcClient...1..send");
Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
bootstrap.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class).handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel channel) throws Exception {
channel.pipeline().addLast(new HttpRequestEncoder()) // 绑定RPC的请求
.addLast(new HttpResponseDecoder()) // 绑定RPC相应的解析
.addLast(HttpClient.this); // 设定请求类
}
}).option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true).option(ChannelOption.RCVBUF_ALLOCATOR,
new AdaptiveRecvByteBufAllocator(64, 131072, 131072));
ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.connect(host, port).sync();
URI uri = new URI("http://"+host+":"+port);
DefaultFullHttpRequest httprequest = new DefaultFullHttpRequest(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpMethod.POST,
uri.toASCIIString(), Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(SerializationUtil.serialize(request)));
// 构建http请求
httprequest.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.HOST, host);
httprequest.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONNECTION, HttpHeaders.Values.KEEP_ALIVE);
httprequest.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH, httprequest.content().readableBytes());
httprequest.headers().set("id", request.getRequestId());
future.channel().writeAndFlush(httprequest).sync();
lock();
future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
LOGGER.info("RpcClient..4...end");
return response;
} finally {
group.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
/**
* 锁定线程等待
*
* @param mills
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
private void lock() throws InterruptedException {
if (response == null) {
synchronized (obj) {
LOGGER.info("RpcClient..2...wait");
if (response == null) {
obj.wait();// 等待线程
}
}
}
}
private void unLock() {
synchronized (obj) {
obj.notifyAll();
}
}
}
package rpc.client.proxy;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.rmi.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.UUID;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import net.sf.cglib.proxy.InvocationHandler;
import net.sf.cglib.proxy.Proxy;
import rpc.client.Client;
import rpc.client.HttpClient;
import rpc.client.RpcClient;
import rpc.client.discover.ZKServiceDiscovery;
import rpc.common.RpcProtocol;
import rpc.common.RpcRequest;
import rpc.common.RpcResponse;
/**
* RPC代理
* @author mrh
*
*/
public class RpcProxy {
private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RpcProxy.class);
private String serverAddress;
private ZKServiceDiscovery serviceDiscovery;
public RpcProxy(String serverAddress) {
this.serverAddress = serverAddress;
}
public RpcProxy(ZKServiceDiscovery serviceDiscovery) {
this.serviceDiscovery = serviceDiscovery;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public <T> T create(Class<?> interfaceClass) {
return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(interfaceClass.getClassLoader(), new Class<?>[] { interfaceClass },
new InvocationHandler() {
@Override
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
logger.info("RpcProxy....to send rpc request!");
RpcRequest request = new RpcRequest(); // 初始化 RPC 请求报错
request.setRequestId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
request.setClassName(method.getDeclaringClass().getName());
request.setMethodName(method.getName());
request.setParameterTypes(method.getParameterTypes());
request.setParameters(args);
if (serviceDiscovery != null) {
serverAddress = serviceDiscovery.discover(request.getClassName()); // 发现服务
}
if (serverAddress == null)
throw new UnknownHostException("没有系统服务，请稍后重试！" + request.getClassName());
String[] array = serverAddress.split(":");
String host = array[0];
int port = Integer.parseInt(array[1]);
Client client = null;
//初始化 RPC客户端
if (array.length > 2 && RpcProtocol.HTTP == RpcProtocol.valueOf(array[2])) {
client = new HttpClient(host, port);
} else if (array.length > 2 && RpcProtocol.TCP == RpcProtocol.valueOf(array[2])){
client = new RpcClient(host, port);
} else {
client = new RpcClient(host, port);
}
RpcResponse response = client.send(request); // 发送 RPC请求道服务端
logger.info("RpcProxy....rpc ended!");
if (response.isError()) {
logger.error("RpcProxy remote server process failed!", response.getError());
throw response.getError();
} else {
return response.getResult();
}
}
});
}
/**
*
* @param interfaceClass
* @param serviceName
* @return
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public <T> T create(Class<?> interfaceClass, final String serviceName) {
return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(interfaceClass.getClassLoader(), new Class<?>[] { interfaceClass },
new InvocationHandler() {
private String remoteServiceName = serviceName;
@Override
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
logger.info("RpcProxy....to send rpc request!");
RpcRequest request = new RpcRequest(); // 初始化 RPC 请求报错
request.setRequestId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
request.setClassName(remoteServiceName);
request.setMethodName(method.getName());
request.setParameterTypes(method.getParameterTypes());
request.setParameters(args);
if (serviceDiscovery != null) {
serverAddress = serviceDiscovery.discover(request.getClassName()); // 发现服务
}
if (serverAddress == null)
throw new UnknownHostException("没有系统服务，请稍后重试！" + request.getClassName());
String[] array = serverAddress.split(":");
String host = array[0];
int port = Integer.parseInt(array[1]);
RpcClient client = new RpcClient(host, port); //初始化 RPC客户端
RpcResponse response = client.send(request); // 发送 RPC请求道服务端
logger.info("RpcProxy....rpc ended!");
if (response.isError()) {
throw response.getError();
} else {
return response.getResult();
}
}
});
}
}
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2. **丰富的协议支持**：Netty提供了对多种常见网络协议的支持，如HTTP、HTTPS、FTP、SMTP、TLS/SSL、WebSocket等，以及自定义协议的实现框架，使得开发者可以轻松地构建跨平台的网络应用。 3. **高效的内存管理**...
这些jar文件分为几个部分，如核心库（netty.jar）、协议支持库（如netty-transport.jar、netty-handler.jar等）、编码解码库（如netty-codec-http.jar）等。每个jar包都有特定的功能，例如： - `netty.jar`：包含...
Netty 是一个高性能、异步事件...总的来说，Netty-all-5.0.0是Android开发者构建高效网络服务的重要工具，虽然使用时需要考虑Android平台的特殊性，但它提供的强大网络编程能力无疑能极大地提升应用的性能和可靠性。
5. **丰富的协议支持**：Netty内置了对多种常见网络协议的支持，如HTTP、HTTPS、FTP、SMTP、SOCKS、WebSocket等，这使得开发跨协议的应用变得简单。 6. **线程模型**：Netty的EventLoop和EventLoopGroup机制确保了...
7. **强大的异常处理**：Netty 的异常处理机制允许在事件处理链中捕获和处理异常，避免了异常传播导致的整个服务崩溃。 8. **ChannelHandler和Pipeline**：ChannelHandler是Netty中处理事件的核心组件，而Pipeline...
Netty 是一个吸收了多种协议的实现经验，这些协议包括FTP,SMTP,HTTP，各种二进制，文本协议，并经过相当精心设计的项目，最终，Netty 成功的找到了一种方式，在保证易于开发的同时还保证了其应用的性能，稳定性和...