A
概念
最常用的
3
个概念
sequence
序列,对应java
里的list
、数组等非键值对的集合
hash
键值对的集合
namespace
对一个ftl
文件的引用,
利用这个名字可以访问到该ftl
文件的资源
B
指令
if, else, elseif
语法
Java代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23if%20condition%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%3C%23elseif%20condition2%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%3C%23elseif%20condition3%3E%0A%20%20...%0A...%0A%3C%23else%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%3C%2F%23if%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#
if
condition>
-
...
-
<#elseif condition2>
-
...
-
<#elseif condition3>
-
...
-
...
-
<#else
>
-
...
-
</#if
>
<#if condition>
...
<#elseif condition2>
...
<#elseif condition3>
...
...
<#else>
...
</#if>
用例
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23if%20x%20%3D%201%3E%0A%20%20x%20is%201%0A%3C%2F%23if%3E%0A%3C%23if%20x%20%3D%201%3E%0A%20%20x%20is%201%0A%3C%23else%3E%0A%20%20x%20is%20not%201%0A%3C%2F%23if%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#if x =
1
>
-
x is 1
-
</#if>
-
<#if x = 1
>
-
x is 1
-
<#else>
-
x is not 1
-
</#if>
<#if x = 1>
x is 1
</#if>
<#if x = 1>
x is 1
<#else>
x is not 1
</#if>
switch, case, default, break
语法
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23switch%20value%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20refValue1%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20...%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23break%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20refValue2%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20...%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23break%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20refValueN%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20...%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23break%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23default%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20...%0A%3C%2F%23switch%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#switch value>
-
<#case refValue1>
-
...
-
<#break>
-
<#case refValue2>
-
...
-
<#break>
-
...
-
<#case refValueN>
-
...
-
<#break>
-
<#default>
-
...
-
</#switch>
<#switch value>
<#case refValue1>
...
<#break>
<#case refValue2>
...
<#break>
...
<#case refValueN>
...
<#break>
<#default>
...
</#switch>
用例
字符串
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23switch%20being.size%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20%22small%22%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20This%20will%20be%20processed%20if%20it%20is%20small%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23break%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20%22medium%22%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20This%20will%20be%20processed%20if%20it%20is%20medium%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23break%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20%22large%22%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20This%20will%20be%20processed%20if%20it%20is%20large%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23break%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23default%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20This%20will%20be%20processed%20if%20it%20is%20neither%0A%3C%2F%23switch%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#switch being.size>
-
<#case "small"
>
-
This will be processed if it is small
-
<#break>
-
<#case "medium"
>
-
This will be processed if it is medium
-
<#break>
-
<#case "large"
>
-
This will be processed if it is large
-
<#break>
-
<#default>
-
This will be processed if it is neither
-
</#switch>
<#switch being.size>
<#case "small">
This will be processed if it is small
<#break>
<#case "medium">
This will be processed if it is medium
<#break>
<#case "large">
This will be processed if it is large
<#break>
<#default>
This will be processed if it is neither
</#switch>
数字
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23switch%20x%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20x%20%3D%201%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%201%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20x%20%3D%202%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%202%0A%20%20%3C%23default%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20d%0A%3C%2F%23switch%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#switch x>
-
<#case x = 1
>
-
1
-
<#case x = 2
>
-
2
-
<#default>
-
d
-
</#switch>
<#switch x>
<#case x = 1>
1
<#case x = 2>
2
<#default>
d
</#switch>
如果x=1
输出 1 2, x=2
输出 2, x=3
输出d
list, break
语法
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23list%20sequence%20as%20item%3E%0A...%0A%3C%23if%20item%20%3D%20%22spring%22%3E%3C%23break%3E%3C%2F%23if%3E%0A...%0A%3C%2F%23list%3E%0A" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#list sequence as item>
-
...
-
<#if item = "spring"
><#break></#if>
-
...
-
</#list>
<#list sequence as item>
...
<#if item = "spring"><#break></#if>
...
</#list>
关键字
item_index:是list当前值的下标
item_has_next:判断list是否还有值
用例
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20seq%20%3D%20%5B%22winter%22%2C%20%22spring%22%2C%20%22summer%22%2C%20%22autumn%22%5D%3E%0A%3C%23list%20seq%20as%20x%3E%0A%20%20%24%7Bx_index%20%2B%201%7D.%20%24%7Bx%7D%3C%23if%20x_has_next%3E%2C%3C%2F%23if%3E%0A%3C%2F%23list%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#assign seq = [
"winter"
,
"spring"
,
"summer"
,
"autumn"
]>
-
<#list seq as x>
-
${x_index + 1
}. ${x}<#if x_has_next>,</#if>
-
</#list>
<#assign seq = ["winter", "spring", "summer", "autumn"]>
<#list seq as x>
${x_index + 1}. ${x}<#if x_has_next>,</#if>
</#list>
输出:
1.winter,
2.spring,
3.summer,
4.autumn
include
语法
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23include%20filename%3E%0A" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#include filename>
<#include filename>
或则
Java代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23include%20filename%20options%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#include filename options>
<#include filename options>
options包含两个属性
encoding="GBK" 编码格式
parse=true 是否作为ftl语法解析,默认是true,false就是以文本方式引入.注意在ftl文件里布尔值都是直接赋值
的如parse=true,而不是parse="true"
用例
/common/copyright.ftl
包含内容
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=Copyright%202001-2002%20%24%7Bme%7D%0A%0AAll%20rights%20reserved.%20%20" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
Copyright
2001
-
2002
${me}
-
-
All rights reserved.
Copyright 2001-2002 ${me}
All rights reserved.
模板文件
Java代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20me%20%3D%20%22Juila%20Smith%22%3E%0A%0ASome%20test%0A%0AYeah%0A___________________________________________________________________________%0A%0A%3Cspan%3E%3Cstrong%3E%3Cspan%3E%3C%23include%20%22%2Fcommon%2Fcopyright.ftl%22%20encoding%3D%22GBK%22%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%0A%0A%0A%0A%0A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%0A%0A%0A%3C%2Fspan%3E%0A%0A%0A" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#assign me =
"Juila Smith"
>
-
-
Some test
-
-
Yeah
-
___________________________________________________________________________
-
-
<span><strong><span><#include "/common/copyright.ftl"
encoding=
"GBK"
></span>
-
-
-
-
-
</strong>
-
-
-
</span>
<#assign me = "Juila Smith">
Some test
Yeah
___________________________________________________________________________
<#include "/common/copyright.ftl" encoding="GBK">
输出结果:
Some test
Yeah.
Copyright 2001-2002 Juila Smith
All rights reserved.
Import
语法
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23import%20path%20as%20hash%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#import path as hash>
<#import path as hash>
类似于java里的import,它导入文件,然后就可以在当前文件里使用被导入文件里的宏组件
用例
假设mylib.ftl
里定义了宏copyright
那么我们在其他模板页面里可以这样使用
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23import%20%22%2Flibs%2Fmylib.ftl%22%20as%20my%3E%0A%0A%3C%40my.copyright%20date%3D%221999-2002%22%2F%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%20%22my%22%E5%9C%A8freemarker%E9%87%8C%E8%A2%AB%E7%A7%B0%E4%BD%9Cnamespace%20--%3E%0A" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#import
"/libs/mylib.ftl"
as my>
-
-
<@my.copyright date="1999-2002"
/>
-
-
<#-- "my"
在freemarker里被称作namespace -->
<#import "/libs/mylib.ftl" as my>
<@my.copyright date="1999-2002"/>
<#-- "my"在freemarker里被称作namespace -->
compress
语法
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23compress%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%3C%2F%23compress%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#compress>
-
...
-
</#compress>
<#compress>
...
</#compress>
用来压缩空白空间和空白的行
escape, noescape
语法
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23escape%20identifier%20as%20expression%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%20%20%3C%23noescape%3E...%3C%2F%23noescape%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%3C%2F%23escape%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#escape identifier as expression>
-
...
-
<#noescape>...</#noescape>
-
...
-
</#escape>
<#escape identifier as expression>
...
<#noescape>...</#noescape>
...
</#escape>
用例
主要使用在相似的字符串变量输出,比如某一个模块的所有字符串输出都必须是html安全的,这个时候就可以使用
该表达式
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23escape%20x%20as%20x%3Fhtml%3E%0A%20%20First%20name%3A%20%24%7BfirstName%7D%0A%20%20%3C%23noescape%3ELast%20name%3A%20%24%7BlastName%7D%3C%2F%23noescape%3E%0A%20%20Maiden%20name%3A%20%24%7BmaidenName%7D%0A%3C%2F%23escape%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#escape x as x?html>
-
First name: ${firstName}
-
<#noescape>Last name: ${lastName}</#noescape>
-
Maiden name: ${maidenName}
-
</#escape>
<#escape x as x?html>
First name: ${firstName}
<#noescape>Last name: ${lastName}</#noescape>
Maiden name: ${maidenName}
</#escape>
相同表达式
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%20%20First%20name%3A%20%24%7BfirstName%3Fhtml%7D%0A%20%20Last%20name%3A%20%24%7BlastName%20%7D%0A%20%20Maiden%20name%3A%20%24%7BmaidenName%3Fhtml%7D" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
First name: ${firstName?html}
-
Last name: ${lastName }
-
Maiden name: ${maidenName?html}
First name: ${firstName?html}
Last name: ${lastName }
Maiden name: ${maidenName?html}
assign
语法
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20name%3Dvalue%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%20%E6%88%96%E5%88%99%20--%3E%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20name1%3Dvalue1%20name2%3Dvalue2%20...%20nameN%3DvalueN%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%20%E6%88%96%E5%88%99%20--%3E%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20same%20as%20above...%20in%20namespacehash%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%20%E6%88%96%E5%88%99%20--%3E%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20name%3E%0A%20%20capture%20this%0A%3C%2F%23assign%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%20%E6%88%96%E5%88%99%20--%3E%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20name%20in%20namespacehash%3E%0A%20%20capture%20this%0A%3C%2F%23assign%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#assign name=value>
-
-
<#-- 或则 -->
-
-
<#assign name1=value1 name2=value2 ... nameN=valueN>
-
-
<#-- 或则 -->
-
-
<#assign same as above... in namespacehash>
-
-
<#-- 或则 -->
-
-
<#assign name>
-
capture this
-
</#assign>
-
-
<#-- 或则 -->
-
-
<#assign name in namespacehash>
-
capture this
-
</#assign>
<#assign name=value>
<#-- 或则 -->
<#assign name1=value1 name2=value2 ... nameN=valueN>
<#-- 或则 -->
<#assign same as above... in namespacehash>
<#-- 或则 -->
<#assign name>
capture this
</#assign>
<#-- 或则 -->
<#assign name in namespacehash>
capture this
</#assign>
用例
生成变量,并且给变量赋值
给seasons赋予序列值
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20seasons%20%3D%20%5B%22winter%22%2C%20%22spring%22%2C%20%22summer%22%2C%20%22autumn%22%5D%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#assign seasons = [
"winter"
,
"spring"
,
"summer"
,
"autumn"
]>
<#assign seasons = ["winter", "spring", "summer", "autumn"]>
给变量test加1
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20test%20%3D%20test%20%2B%201%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#assign test = test +
1
>
<#assign test = test + 1>
给my namespage 赋予一个变量bgColor,下面可以通过my.bgColor来访问这个变量
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23import%20%22%2Fmylib.ftl%22%20as%20my%3E%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20bgColor%3D%22red%22%20in%20my%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#import
"/mylib.ftl"
as my>
-
-
<#assign bgColor="red"
in my>
<#import "/mylib.ftl" as my>
<#assign bgColor="red" in my>
将一段输出的文本作为变量保存在x里
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20x%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23list%201..3%20as%20n%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%24%7Bn%7D%20%3C%40myMacro%20%2F%3E%0A%20%20%3C%2F%23list%3E%0A%3C%2F%23assign%3E%0A%0ANumber%20of%20words%3A%20%24%7Bx%3Fword_list%3Fsize%7D%0A%0A%24%7Bx%7D%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20x%3EHello%20%24%7Buser%7D!%3C%2F%23assign%3E%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20error%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20x%3D%22%20Hello%20%24%7Buser%7D!%22%3E%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20true" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#assign x>
-
<#list 1
..
3
as n>
-
${n} <@myMacro />
-
</#list>
-
</#assign>
-
-
Number of words: ${x?word_list?size}
-
-
${x}
-
-
<#assign x>Hello ${user}!</#assign> error
-
-
<#assign x=" Hello ${user}!"
> true
<#assign x>
<#list 1..3 as n>
${n} <@myMacro />
</#list>
</#assign>
Number of words: ${x?word_list?size}
${x}
<#assign x>Hello ${user}!</#assign> error
<#assign x=" Hello ${user}!"> true
同时也支持中文赋值,如:
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95%3E%0A%20%20java%0A%3C%2F%23assign%3E%0A%0A%24%7B%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95%7D" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#assign 语法>
-
java
-
</#assign>
-
-
${语法}
<#assign 语法>
java
</#assign>
${语法}
打印输出:
java
global
语法
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23global%20name%3Dvalue%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%E6%88%96%E5%88%99--%3E%0A%0A%3C%23global%20name1%3Dvalue1%20name2%3Dvalue2%20...%20nameN%3DvalueN%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%E6%88%96%E5%88%99--%3E%0A%0A%3C%23global%20name%3E%0A%20%20capture%20this%0A%3C%2F%23global%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#global name=value>
-
-
<#--或则-->
-
-
<#global name1=value1 name2=value2 ... nameN=valueN>
-
-
<#--或则-->
-
-
<#global name>
-
capture this
-
</#global>
<#global name=value>
<#--或则-->
<#global name1=value1 name2=value2 ... nameN=valueN>
<#--或则-->
<#global name>
capture this
</#global>
全局赋值语法,利用这个语法给变量赋值,那么这个变量在所有的namespace
[A1]
中是可见的,
如果这个变量被当前的assign
语法覆盖 如<#global x=2> <#assign x=1>
在当前页面里x=2
将被隐藏,或者通过${.global.x}
来访问
setting
语法
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23setting%20name%3Dvalue%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#setting name=value>
<#setting name=value>
用来设置整个系统的一个环境
locale
number_format
boolean_format
date_format
,
time_format
,
datetime_format
time_zone
classic_compatible
用例
假如当前是匈牙利的设置,然后修改成美国
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%24%7B1.2%7D%0A%0A%3C%23setting%20locale%3D%22en_US%22%3E%0A%0A%24%7B1.2%7D%20%20" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
${
1.2
}
-
-
<#setting locale="en_US"
>
-
-
${1.2
}
${1.2}
<#setting locale="en_US">
${1.2}
输出
1,2
1.2
因为匈牙利是采用",
"作为十进制的分隔符,美国是用".
"
macro, nested, return
语法
Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23macro%20name%20param1%20param2%20...%20paramN%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%20%20%3C%23nested%20loopvar1%2C%20loopvar2%2C%20...%2C%20loopvarN%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%20%20%3C%23return%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%3C%2F%23macro%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#macro name param1 param2 ... paramN>
-
...
-
<#nested loopvar1, loopvar2, ..., loopvarN>
-
...
-
<#return>
-
...
-
</#macro>
<#macro name param1 param2 ... paramN>
...
<#nested loopvar1, loopvar2, ..., loopvarN>
...
<#return>
...
</#macro>
用例
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23macro%20test%20foo%20bar%3D%22Bar%22%5BA2%5D%20%20baaz%3D-1%3E%0A%20%20Test%20text%2C%20and%20the%20params%3A%20%24%7Bfoo%7D%2C%20%24%7Bbar%7D%2C%20%24%7Bbaaz%7D%0A%3C%2F%23macro%3E%0A%0A%3C%40test%20foo%3D%22a%22%20bar%3D%22b%22%20baaz%3D5*5-2%2F%3E%0A%0A%3C%40test%20foo%3D%22a%22%20bar%3D%22b%22%2F%3E%0A%0A%3C%40test%20foo%3D%22a%22%20baaz%3D5*5-2%2F%3E%0A%0A%3C%40test%20foo%3D%22a%22%2F%3E%20" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#macro test foo bar=
"Bar"
[A2] baaz=-
1
>
-
Test text, and the params: ${foo}, ${bar}, ${baaz}
-
</#macro>
-
-
<@test foo="a"
bar=
"b"
baaz=
5
*
5
-
2
/>
-
-
<@test foo="a"
bar=
"b"
/>
-
-
<@test foo="a"
baaz=
5
*
5
-
2
/>
-
-
<@test foo="a"
/>
<#macro test foo bar="Bar"[A2] baaz=-1>
Test text, and the params: ${foo}, ${bar}, ${baaz}
</#macro>
<@test foo="a" bar="b" baaz=5*5-2/>
<@test foo="a" bar="b"/>
<@test foo="a" baaz=5*5-2/>
<@test foo="a"/>
输出
Test text, and the params: a, b, 23
Test text, and the params: a, b, -1
Test text, and the params: a, Bar, 23
Test text, and the params: a, Bar, -1
定义循环输出的宏
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23macro%20list%20title%20items%3E%0A%24%7Btitle%3Fcap_first%7D%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23list%20items%20as%20x%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20*%24%7Bx%3Fcap_first%7D%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%2F%23list%3E%0A%3C%2F%23macro%3E%0A%0A%3C%40list%20items%3D%5B%22mouse%22%2C%20%22elephant%22%2C%20%22python%22%5D%20title%3D%22Animals%22%2F%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#macro list title items>
-
${title?cap_first}:
-
<#list items as x>
-
*${x?cap_first}
-
-
</#list>
-
</#macro>
-
-
<@list items=["mouse"
,
"elephant"
,
"python"
] title=
"Animals"
/>
<#macro list title items>
${title?cap_first}:
<#list items as x>
*${x?cap_first}
</#list>
</#macro>
<@list items=["mouse", "elephant", "python"] title="Animals"/>
输出结果:
Animals:
*Mouse
*Elephant
*Python
包含body
的宏
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23macro%20repeat%20count%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23list%201..count%20as%20x%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23nested%20x%2C%20x%2F2%2C%20x%3D%3Dcount%3E%0A%20%20%3C%2F%23list%3E%0A%3C%2F%23macro%3E%0A%0A%3C%40repeat%20count%3D4%20%3B%20c%20halfc%20last%3E%0A%20%20%24%7Bc%7D.%20%24%7Bhalfc%7D%3C%23if%20last%3E%20Last!%3C%2F%23if%3E%0A%3C%2F%40repeat%3E%20" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#macro repeat count>
-
<#list 1
..count as x>
-
<#nested x, x/2
, x==count>
-
</#list>
-
</#macro>
-
-
<@repeat count=4
; c halfc last>
-
${c}. ${halfc}<#if last> Last!</#if>
-
</@repeat>
<#macro repeat count>
<#list 1..count as x>
<#nested x, x/2, x==count>
</#list>
</#macro>
<@repeat count=4 ; c halfc last>
${c}. ${halfc}<#if last> Last!</#if>
</@repeat>
输出
1. 0.5
2. 1
3. 1.5
4. 2 Last!
t, lt, rt
语法
Freemarkder代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23t%3E%20%E5%8E%BB%E6%8E%89%E5%B7%A6%E5%8F%B3%E7%A9%BA%E7%99%BD%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%9E%E8%BD%A6%E6%8D%A2%E8%A1%8C%0A%0A%3C%23lt%3E%E5%8E%BB%E6%8E%89%E5%B7%A6%E8%BE%B9%E7%A9%BA%E7%99%BD%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%9E%E8%BD%A6%E6%8D%A2%E8%A1%8C%0A%0A%3C%23rt%3E%E5%8E%BB%E6%8E%89%E5%8F%B3%E8%BE%B9%E7%A9%BA%E7%99%BD%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%9E%E8%BD%A6%E6%8D%A2%E8%A1%8C%0A%0A%3C%23nt%3E%E5%8F%96%E6%B6%88%E4%B8%8A%E9%9D%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%95%88%E6%9E%9C" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#t> 去掉左右空白和回车换行
-
-
<#lt>去掉左边空白和回车换行
-
-
<#rt>去掉右边空白和回车换行
-
-
<#nt>取消上面的效果
<#t> 去掉左右空白和回车换行
<#lt>去掉左边空白和回车换行
<#rt>去掉右边空白和回车换行
<#nt>取消上面的效果
C
一些常用方法或注意事项
表达式转换类
${expression}
计算expression
并输出
#{ expression }
数字计算#{ expression ;format}
安格式输出数字format
为M
和m
M
表示小数点后最多的位数,m
表示小数点后最少的位数如#{121.2322;m2M2}
输出121.23
数字循环
1..5
表示从1
到5
,原型number..number
对浮点取整数
${123.23?int}
输出
123
给变量默认值
${var?default("hello world")?html}
如果var is null
那么将会被hello world
替代
判断对象是不是
null
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23if%20mouse%3Fexists%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20Mouse%20found%0A%3C%23else%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#if mouse?exists>
-
Mouse found
-
<#else>
<#if mouse?exists>
Mouse found
<#else>
也可以直接${mouse?if_exists})输出布尔形
--------------------------------------------
(1)解决输出中文乱码问题:
freemarker乱码的原因:
- 没有使用正确的编码格式读取模版文件,表现为模版中的中文为乱码
解决方法:在classpath上放置一个文件freemarker.properties,在里面写上模版文件的编码方式,比如
default_encoding=UTF-8
locale=zh_CN
注意:eclipse中除了xml文件、java文件外,默认的文件格式iso8859-1
- 数据插入模版时,没有使用正确的编码,表现出模版中的新插入数据为乱码
解决方法:在result的配置中,指定charset,s2的FreemarkerResult.java会将charset传递freemarker
<action name="ListPersons" class="ListPersons">
<result type="freemarker">
<param name="location">/pages/Person/view.ftl</param>
<param name="contentType"> text/html;charset=UTF-8
</param>
</result>
</action>
(2)提高freemarker的性能
在freemarker.properties中设置:
template_update_delay=60000
避免每次请求都重新载入模版,即充分利用cached的模版
(3)尽量使用freemarker本身的提供的tag,使用S2 tags 的标签会在性能上有所损失
(4)freemarker的标签种类:
- ${..}:FreeMarker will replace it in the output with the actual value of the thing in the curly brackets. They are called interpolation
s.
- # ,代表是FTL tags(FreeMarker Template Language tags)
,hey are instructions to FreeMarker and will not be printed to the output
- <#if ...></#if>
- <#list totalList as elementObject>...</#list>
- @ ,代表用户自定义的标签
- <#-- --> 注释标签,注意不是<!-- -->
(5)一些特殊的指令:
- r代表原样输出:${r"C:\foo\bar"}
- <#list ["winter", "spring", "summer", "autumn"] as x>${x}</#list>
- ?引出内置指令
- String处理指令:
- html:特殊的html字符将会被转义,比如"<",处理后的结果是<
-
cap_first
、lower_case
、upper_case
-
trim
:除去字符串前后的空格
- sequences处理指令
- numbers处理指令
-
int:number的整数部分,(e.g. -1.9?int is -1)
(6)对于null,或者miss value,freemarker会报错
-
?exists:旧版本的用法
-
!:default value operator,语法结构为:
unsafe_expr
!default_expr,比如
${mouse!"No mouse."} 当mouse不存在时,返回default value;
- (product.color)!"red" 这种方式,能够处理product或者color为miss value的情况;
- 而product.color!"red"将只处理color为miss value的情况
- ??: Missing value test operator ,测试是否为missing value
-
unsafe_expr
??
:product.color??将只测试color是否为null
-
(unsafe_expr
)??:(product.color)??将测试product和color是否存在null
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23if%20mouse%3F%3F%3E%0A%20%20Mouse%20found%0A%3C%23else%3E%0A%20%20No%20mouse%20found%0A%3C%2F%23if%3E%0ACreating%20mouse...%0A%3C%23assign%20mouse%20%3D%20%22Jerry%22%3E%0A%3C%23if%20mouse%3F%3F%3E%0A%20%20Mouse%20found%0A%0A%3C%23else%3E%0A%20%20No%20mouse%20found%0A%3C%2F%23if%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#if mouse??>
-
Mouse found
-
<#else>
-
No mouse found
-
</#if>
-
Creating mouse...
-
<#assign mouse = "Jerry"
>
-
<#if mouse??>
-
Mouse found
-
-
<#else>
-
No mouse found
-
</#if>
<#if mouse??>
Mouse found
<#else>
No mouse found
</#if>
Creating mouse...
<#assign mouse = "Jerry">
<#if mouse??>
Mouse found
<#else>
No mouse found
</#if>
(7)模版值插入方式
(interpolation)
-
通用方式
(
Universal interpolations):
${expression
}
-
对于字符串:只是简单输出
-
对于数值,会自动根据local确定格式,称为human audience,否则称为computer audience,可以"?c",
比如,
<a href="/shop/details?id=${product.id
?c
}">Details...</a>,因此这里的id是给浏览器使用的,不需要进行格式化,注意?c只对数值有效
- 对于日期,会使用默认的日期格式转换,因此需要事先设置好默认的转换格式,包括date_format
, time_format
,atetime_format
-
对于布尔值,不能输出,会报错并停止模版的执行,比如${a = 2}
会出错,但是可以
string
built-in来进行转换
数值处理,具体参考:Built-ins for numbers
http://freemarker.org/docs/ref_builtins_number.html#ref_builtin_string_for_number
数值处理的例子:
<#setting number_format="currency"/>
<#assign answer=42/>
${answer}
${answer?string} <#-- the same as ${answer} -->
${answer?string.number}
${answer?string.currency}
${answer?string.percent}
除了使用内置的formate,可以使用任何用Java decimal number format syntax 书写的formate,比如
<#setting number_format="0.###E0"/>
<#setting number_format="0"/>
<#setting number_format="#"/>
${1234}
${12345?string("0.####E0")}
更加方便的格式:
<#setting locale="en_US">
US people writes: ${12345678?string(",##0.00")}
<#setting locale="hu">
Hungarian people writes: ${12345678?string(",##0.00")}
日期处理,参考Built-ins for dates
http://freemarker.org/docs/ref_builtins_date.html#ref_builtin_string_for_date
日期处理的例子:
-
${openingTime?string.short}
-
${openingTime?string.medium}
-
${openingTime?string.long}
-
${openingTime?string.full}
-
${nextDiscountDay?string.short}
-
${nextDiscountDay?string.medium}
-
${nextDiscountDay?string.long}
-
${nextDiscountDay?string.full}
-
${lastUpdated?string.short}
-
${lastUpdated?string.medium}
-
${lastUpdated?string.long}
-
${lastUpdated?string.full}
注意:
由于java语言中的Date类型的不足,freemarker不能根据Date变量判断出变量包含的部分(日期、时间还是全部),在这种情况下,freemarker
不能正确显示出${lastUpdated?string.short} 或者 simply ${lastUpdated},因此,可以通过?date, ?time and ?datetime built-ins
来帮助freemarker来进行判断,比如${lastUpdated?datetime?string.short}
除了使用内置的日期转换格式外,可以自己指定日期的格式,使用的是Java date format syntax,比如:
-
${lastUpdated?string("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss zzzz")}
-
${lastUpdated?string("EEE, MMM d, ''yy")}
-
${lastUpdated?string("EEEE, MMMM dd, yyyy, hh:mm:ss a '('zzz')'")}
数值专用方式
(
Numerical interpolations):#{expression
}
or
#{expression
; format
},这是数值专用的输出方式,但是
最好使用通用方式的string
built-in或者number_format
来完成转换,Numerical interpolations方式将会被停用
(8)创建自定义模版
Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23macro%20greet%3E%20%20%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%20%3Cfont%20size%3D%22%2B2%22%3EHello%20Joe!%3C%2Ffont%3E%0A%3C%2F%23macro%3E%0A" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
-
<#macro greet>
-
<font size="+2"
>Hello Joe!</font>
-
</#macro>
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### Freemarker(FTL)常见语法详解 Freemarker是一种基于模板引擎技术的软件,用于生成文本输出。它被广泛应用于Web开发中,用来生成HTML页面或其他格式的文档。Freemarker使用简单直观的语法,使得开发者能够轻松...
**FreeMarker**是一种强大的、基于Java的模板引擎,主要用于动态生成HTML页面,但也支持其他类型的文本格式(如XML、JavaScript、电子邮件等)。它通过将数据模型与表现层分离的方式,使得Web应用程序更加模块化且...
Freemarker是一个强大的Java模板引擎,它允许开发者将业务逻辑与视图层分离,使得HTML、XML等静态页面可以通过模板动态生成。以下是关于Freemarker语法和实例的详细讲解: 1. **概念** - **Sequence**:序列,类似...
### FreeMarker语法参考详解 #### 一、FreeMarker概述与基本语法 ...以上是对FreeMarker部分核心语法的总结和示例,通过这些基础操作,开发者能够灵活地处理数据,实现动态页面的生成,提升Web应用的效率和用户体验。
Freemarker是一种强大的模板引擎,广泛应用于Web开发中动态页面的生成。其语法灵活且功能丰富,能够处理各种数据类型并支持复杂的逻辑控制结构。以下是对Freemarker常用语法的详细解析,涵盖输出、条件判断、循环、...
Freemarker 是一种用于生成动态内容的模板引擎,它能够帮助开发者将数据模型中的数据渲染到 HTML 页面上,从而实现前后端分离的效果。Freemarker 具有良好的可扩展性、灵活性以及强大的功能支持,使得其在 Web 开发...
Freemarker语法总结 Freemarker是一种基于模板的模板引擎,主要用来生成静态 HTML 页面。FreeMarker 模板文件由四个部分组成:文本、注释、插值和 FTL 指令。 一、文本 文本是 Freemarker 模板文件的直接输出部分...
然后在FreeMarker模板中引用这些静态资源,使用FTL语法将动态数据与布局结合。Spring MVC控制器接收请求,处理业务逻辑,构建数据模型,最后将模型传递给FreeMarker模板进行渲染。 7. **最佳实践**:为了提高效率和...
下面将详细介绍FreeMarker的基础语法及其相关实例。 一、变量与表达式 在FreeMarker模板中,数据模型中的变量可以通过`${}`表达式来访问。例如,如果在Java中传递了一个名为"user"的对象,可以使用`${user.name}`...
### FreeMarker语法知识详解 #### 一、FreeMarker概述 FreeMarker是一种强大的模板引擎,用于生成文本输出。它被广泛应用于Web开发中,用于动态生成HTML页面以及其他类型的文本文件,如XML、JavaScript、电子邮件等...
首先,理解FreeMarker的默认标签语法至关重要。FreeMarker使用${...}表达式来插入变量,#{...}用于输出注释,以及、等控制结构进行条件判断和循环。然而,这些默认标签可能无法满足所有复杂的场景,因此自定义标签就...
Freemarker是一个强大的Java模板引擎,常用于生成动态HTML、XML等Web页面,尤其是在MVC架构中,作为视图层的技术选型。本压缩包集合了丰富的Freemarker学习资源,涵盖从基础到进阶的各种知识点,以下是这些文档中...
例如,Freemarker支持控制结构(如if、foreach)、变量表达式、函数调用等,这些都是构建动态页面的基础。同时,手册还会详细介绍如何配置和优化Freemarker以适应你的项目需求。 其次,`freemarker 插件 安装提示....
在这个模板中,你可以用${...}来引用Java对象的属性,使用Freemarker语法构造动态SQL。 5. **编写Service**:创建一个Service类,使用@Autowired注入Repository,然后编写一个方法来处理业务逻辑。在这个方法中,...