Spring2.0中的定时调度(Scheduling,内置的Timer类和Quartz chedu)

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quartz Spring Bean XML JDK

简介
Spring包含了对定时调度服务的内置支持类。当前，Spring支持从JDK1.3开始内置的Timer类和Quartz cheduler (http://www. opensymphony.com/ quartz/)。二者都可以通过FactoryBean，分别指向Timer或Trigger实例的引用进行配置。更进一步，有个对Quartz Scheduler和Timer都有效的工具类可以让你调用某个目标对象的方法（类似通常的MethodInvokingFactoryBean操作）。Spring 还包含有用于线程池调度的类，它针对Java 1.3,1.4,5和JEE环境的差异都进行了抽象。

使用JDK Timer支持类
使用OpenSymphony Quartz 调度器

1           使用JDK Timer支持类
Ø         使用TimerTask创建定制的timer tasks
<bean id="timeTaskExample" class="example.timertask.TimeTaskExample"></bean>


    <bean id="scheduledTask"
    class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.ScheduledTimerTask">
       <property name="timerTask" ref="timeTaskExample" />
        <!—
任务执行周期 2m 关于一些任务的参数请参考JDK doc文档和Spring相关文档
注意若要让任务只运行一次，你可以把period属性设置为0（或者负值）
-->
       <property name="period">
           <value>2000</value>
       </property>
       
       <property name="delay">
           <value>1000</value>
       </property>
    </bean>

    
    <bean id="timerFactory"
       class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.TimerFactoryBean">
       <property name="scheduledTimerTasks">
       <list>
       <ref bean="scheduledTask" />
       </list>
       </property>
    </bean>
示例代码如下
package example.timertask;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.TimerTask;

publicclass TimeTaskExample extends TimerTask {
    // 使用TimerTask创建定制的timer tasks
    @Override
    publicvoid run() {
       // 你想要执行的任务的代码片段,例如,打印出当前时间.
       System.out.println("现在时间: " + new Date());
    }

}
applicationContext.xml设置如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beans>
    <bean id="timeTaskExample"
       class="example.timertask.TimeTaskExample" />

    <bean id="scheduledTask"
    class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.ScheduledTimerTask">
       <property name="timerTask" ref="timeTaskExample" />
      
       <property name="delay">
           <value>1000</value>
       </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="timerFactory"
       class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.TimerFactoryBean">
       <property name="scheduledTimerTasks">
           <list>
              <ref bean="scheduledTask" />
           </list>
       </property>
    </bean>
</beans>
Ø         使用 MethodInvokingTimerTaskFactoryBean类, 可以让你周期性的调用某个方法:示例代码如下
package example;

import java.util.Date;

publicclass BusinessObject {
    publicvoid doIt() {
       System.out.println("现在时间: " + new Date());
    }
}
applicationContext.xml设置如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beans>
    <bean id="businessObjectExample" class="example.BusinessObject" />

    <bean id="methodTimeTask"
      class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.
MethodInvokingTimerTaskFactoryBean">
<!—调用方法的对象-->
       <property name="targetObject" ref="businessObjectExample" />
<!—调用方法的名称-->
       <property name="targetMethod" value="doIt" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="scheduledTask"
    class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.ScheduledTimerTask">
       <property name="timerTask" ref="methodTimeTask" />
       
       <property name="period">
           <value>2000</value>
       </property>
       
       <property name="delay">
           <value>1000</value>
       </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="timerFactory"
       class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.TimerFactoryBean">
       <property name="scheduledTimerTasks">
           <list>
              <ref bean="scheduledTask" />
           </list>
       </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

2          使用OpenSymphony Quartz 调度器

    <bean id="myJobDetail"
       class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean">
       <property name="jobClass"
           value="example.timertask.TimeTaskUsingQuartz" />
   </bean>

    

    <bean id="simpleTrigger"
    class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerBean">
       <property name="jobDetail" ref="myJobDetail" />

       <property name="startDelay" value="1000" />

       <property name="repeatInterval" value="3000" />
       </bean>
    <bean id="cronTrigger"
       class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean">
       <property name="jobDetail" ref="myJobDetail" />

       <property name="cronExpression" value="0 0 6 * * ?" />
    </bean>


    <bean id="scheduler"
    class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
       <property name="triggers" ref="cronTrigger" />
    </bean>
示例代码如下
package example.timertask;

import java.util.Date;

import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;

publicclass TimeTaskUsingQuartz extends QuartzJobBean {
    protectedvoid executeInternal(JobExecutionContext ctx)
           throws JobExecutionException {
       System.out.println("现在时间: " + new Date());
    }

}
applicationContext.xml设置如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beans>
<!—
JobDetail 对象保存运行一个任务所需的全部信息
-->
    <bean id="myJobDetail"
       class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean">
       <property name="jobClass"
           value="example.timertask.TimeTaskUsingQuartz" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="simpleTrigger"
    class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerBean">
       <property name="jobDetail" ref="myJobDetail" />

       <property name="startDelay" value="10000" />

       <property name="repeatInterval" value="50000" />
    </bean>
    <bean id="cronTrigger"
       class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean">
       <property name="jobDetail" ref="myJobDetail" />

       <property name="cronExpression" value="0 0 6 * * ?" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="scheduler"
    class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.
SchedulerFactoryBean">
       <property name="triggers">
             <list>
                  <ref name="simpleTrigger" />
                  <ref name="cronTrigger" />
</list>
</property>
    </bean>

</beans>
使用 MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean,调用特定对象上的一个方法即可实现任务调度.通常情况下,你只需要调用特定对象上的一个方法即可实现任务调度。你可以使用MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean准确的做到这一点:
示例代码如下
package example;

import java.util.Date;

publicclass BusinessObject {
    publicvoid doIt() {
       System.out.println("现在时间: " + new Date());
    }
}
applicationContext.xml设置如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beans>
<bean id="businessObjectExample" class="example.BusinessObject" />
    
    <bean id="myjobDetail"
class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.
MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean" >
       <property name="targetObject" ref="businessObjectExample" />
       <property name="targetMethod" value="doIt" />
       <property name="concurrent" value="false" />
    </bean>


    <bean id="simpleTrigger"
    class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerBean">
       <property name="jobDetail" ref="myJobDetail" />

       <property name="startDelay" value="10000" />

       <property name="repeatInterval" value="50000" />
    </bean>
    <bean id="cronTrigger"
       class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean">
       <property name="jobDetail" ref="myJobDetail" />

       <property name="cronExpression" value="0 0 6 * * ?" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="scheduler"
    class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.
SchedulerFactoryBean">
       <property name="triggers">
             <list>
                  <ref name="simpleTrigger" />
                  <ref name="cronTrigger" />
</list>
</property>
    </bean>

</beans>

附录:关于cronExpression的介绍:
字段   允许值   允许的特殊字符
秒   0-59   , - * /
分   0-59   , - * /
小时   0-23   , - * /
日期   1-31   , - * ? / L W C
月份   1-12 或者 JAN-DEC   , - * /
星期   1-7 或者 SUN-SAT   , - * ? / L C #
年（可选）   留空, 1970-2099   , - * /

　
如上面的表达式所示:
详细说明如下:
The '*' character is used to specify all values. For example, "*" in the minute field means "every minute".
“*”字符被用来指定所有的值。如：”*“在分钟的字段域里表示“每分钟”。
The '?' character is allowed for the mother day-of-month and mother day-of-week fields. It is used to specify 'no specific value'. This is useful when you need to specify something in one of the two fileds, but not the other. See the examples below for clarification.
“?”字符只在日期域和星期域中使用。它被用来指定“非明确的值”。当你需要通过在这两个域中的一个来指定一些东西的时候，它是有用的。看下面的例子你就会明白。
The '-' character is used to specify ranges For example "10-12" in the hour field means "the hours 10, 11 and 12".
“-”字符被用来指定一个范围。如：“10-12”在小时域意味着“10点、11点、12点”。
The ',' character is used to specify additional values. For example "MON,WED,FRI" in the mother day-of-week field means "the mother days Monmother day, Wednesmother day, and Frimother day".
“,”字符被用来指定另外的值。如：“MON,WED,FRI”在星期域里表示”星期一、星期三、星期五”.

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