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HttpClient Cookies

阅读更多
简介



HttpClient支持自动管理Cookies,允许服务端设定Cookies,并在请求时自动返回客户端的Cookies信息。客户端也可以手动的设置Cookies发送到服务端。



不幸的是,同一时间内有太多的Cookies标准: Netscape Cookie, RFC2109, RFC2965 以及大量供应商不符合规范的自定义Cookies标准。针对此,HttpClient提供Cookies管理策略驱动。这片文章意在阐述怎么样去使用不同标准的Cookies以及如何解决在使用Cookies和HttpClient时一些共同的问题。



支持的规格



以下Cookies标准,HttpClient3.1可以支持。



RFC2109



RFC2109是W3C组织第一次推出的官方Cookies标准。理论上,所有使用版本1Cookies的服务端都应该使用此标准。HttpClient已经将此标准设定为默认。



遗憾的是,许多服务端不正确的实现了标准或者仍然使用Netscape标准。所有有时感到此标准太多于严格。



RFC2109是HttpClient使用的默认Cookies协议。



RFC2965



RFC2965定义了版本2并且尝试去弥补在版本1中Cookie的RFC2109标准的缺点。RFC2965是,并规定RFC2965最终取代RFC2109.



发送RFC2965标准Cookies的服务端,将会使用Set-Cookie2 header添加到Set-Cookie Header信心中,RFC2965 Cookies是区分端口的。



Netscape标准



Netscape是最原始的Cookies规范,同时也是RFC2109的基础。尽管如此,还是在很多重要的方面与RFC2109不同,可能需要特定服务器才可以兼容。



Browser Compatibility



这种兼容性设计要求是适应尽可能多的不同的服务器,尽管不是完全按照标准来实现的。如果你遇到了解析Cookies的问题,你就可能要用到这一个规范。



有太多的web站点是用CGI脚本去实现的,而导致只有将所有的Cookies都放入Request header才可以正常的工作。这种情况下最好设置http.protocol.single-cookie-header参数为true。



Ignore Cookies



此规格忽略所有Cookie 。被用来防止HttpClient接受和发送的Cookie。



Spacifying the Specification



有俩中方式去规定使用哪种Cookies规范,每个HttpMethod实例都有HttpMethodParams,他的policy值必须使用方法CookiePolicy.registerCookieSpec()来注册。



HttpMethod method = new GetMethod();

Method.getParams().setCookiePolicy(CookiePolicy.RFC_2109);



手动处理Cookies



HttpClient的Cookie管理API可以手动处理Cookie。可以手动设置Requset的Cookie headers或是处理Response的Set-Cookie的headers或是用自动Cookie管理去代替。



HttpMethod method = new GetMethod();

Method.getParams().setCookiePolicy(CookiePolicy.IGNORE_COOKIES);

Method.setRequestHeader(“Cookie”, “special_cookie=value”);
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评论
5 楼 a_10jqka_2010 2012-04-21  
这个数组就是 HTTP 命令中的文本命令的 Hex 化,之所以这样是因为以字符形式录入变量,代码不是很规整。若有兴趣可装入内存试试。

"模拟登录"这活可深可浅,若再加上 HTTTS 或者什么别的验证体系,那就很消耗精力了!
4 楼 lzj0470 2012-04-21  
a_10jqka_2010 写道
好久没来 iteye 了,都忘了回复顺序了,排版有些错位,不知是否方面阅读

呵呵,没看出来是怎么操作的哦。不过思想上是可以讨论的。我没有象你这样操作吧。目前我是运用在模拟登陆这块。
3 楼 a_10jqka_2010 2012-04-21  
好久没来 iteye 了,都忘了回复顺序了,排版有些错位,不知是否方面阅读
2 楼 a_10jqka_2010 2012-04-21  
int build_POST_126Cnt_CMD(  char *pFileName,   char *pFileBuf, int bufLen,
    char *pSID,    int   sidLen,
char *pComposeID,  int   composeIDLen,
char *pCookieCore, int cookieCoreLen,
char *pAttBody,    int attBodyIndex[][2],
char *pCookie,     int   cookieLen,
char *pAnswer,     int   &ansLen
)
{
int answer     = 0x00, t_ContentLen, temI, t_Single, t_Loop;
char t_Room[64] = { 0x00 };

t_ContentLen = 0x00;
for ( temI=attBodyIndex[0][0]; temI<=attBodyIndex[0][1]; temI++ )
{
t_ContentLen += ( attBodyIndex[temI][1] - attBodyIndex[temI][0] );
}
t_ContentLen += 2 * strlen(pFileName) + bufLen;

sprintf( t_Room, "%d", t_ContentLen );


char *t_Hash[][2] = { { pAttBody + attBodyIndex[1][0],  (char*)(attBodyIndex[1][1] - attBodyIndex[1][0])   },
{ pSID,   (char*)(sidLen)      },
{ pAttBody + attBodyIndex[2][0],  (char*)(attBodyIndex[2][1] - attBodyIndex[2][0])   },
{ pComposeID,   (char*)(composeIDLen)      },
{ pAttBody + attBodyIndex[3][0],  (char*)(attBodyIndex[3][1] - attBodyIndex[3][0])   },
{ pCookieCore,   (char*)(cookieCoreLen) },
{ pAttBody + attBodyIndex[4][0],  (char*)(attBodyIndex[4][1] - attBodyIndex[4][0])   },
{ t_Room,   (char*)(strlen(t_Room))      },
{ pAttBody + attBodyIndex[5][0],  (char*)(attBodyIndex[5][1] - attBodyIndex[5][0])   },
{ pCookie,   (char*)(cookieLen-1)          },
{ pAttBody + attBodyIndex[6][0],  (char*)(attBodyIndex[6][1] - attBodyIndex[6][0])   },
{ pAttBody + attBodyIndex[7][0],  (char*)(attBodyIndex[7][1] - attBodyIndex[7][0])   },
{ pFileName,   (char*)(strlen(pFileName)) },
{ pAttBody + attBodyIndex[8][0],  (char*)(attBodyIndex[8][1] - attBodyIndex[8][0])   },
{ pFileName,   (char*)(strlen(pFileName)) },
{ pAttBody + attBodyIndex[9][0],  (char*)(attBodyIndex[9][1] - attBodyIndex[9][0])   },
{ pFileBuf,   (char*)(bufLen) },
{ pAttBody + attBodyIndex[10][0], (char*)(attBodyIndex[10][1] - attBodyIndex[10][0]) }

};

t_Loop = sizeof(t_Hash) / sizeof(t_Hash[0]);

ansLen = 0x00;

for ( temI=0; temI<t_Loop; temI++ )
{
t_Single = (int)t_Hash[temI][1];

memcpy( pAnswer + ansLen, t_Hash[temI][0], t_Single );

ansLen += t_Single;
}


return answer;
}

int _126_Att_Template_Index[16][2] = {

{ 7,   10     },

{ 0x0000, 0x0035 }, { 0x0059, 0x0064 }, { 0x0071, 0x0082 }, { 0x00C7, 0x0182 },
{ 0x0185, 0x01C0 }, { 0x07E1, 0x07E5 }, { 0x07E5, 0x0844 }, { 0x084B, 0x08B4 },
{ 0x08BB, 0x08E8 }, { 0x08F5, 0x098E }
};


char _126_Att_Template[2446] = {

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1 楼 a_10jqka_2010 2012-04-21  
程序主动构建 http 的命令,我的一片代码,其中涉及有关 cookie 的操作。不知是否好懂,请阅!

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