centos 安装keepalived-1.3.5并配置nginx

 

Keepalived是一个免费开源的，用C编写的类似于layer3,
4 & 7交换机制软件，具备我们平时说的第3层、第4层和第7层交换机的功能。主要提供loadbalancing（负载均衡）和high-availability（高可用）功能，负载均衡实现需要依赖Linux的虚拟服务内核模块（ipvs），而高可用是通过VRRP协议实现多台机器之间的故障转移服务。

 

官网源码包下载地址（2017-07-31 Keepalived最新版keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz）：http://www.keepalived.org/download.html

 

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ local]# tar -zxvf /tmp/keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz 

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ local]# cd keepalived-1.3.5/

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

 

 

 

1. 系统出现警告信息“*** WARNING - this build will not support IPVS with IPv6. Please install libnl/libnl-3 dev libraries to support IPv6 with IPVS.”，具体日志如下：

 

Keepalived configuration

------------------------

Keepalived version       : 1.3.5

Compiler                 : gcc

Preprocessor flags       : 

Compiler flags           : -Wall -Wunused -Wstrict-prototypes -Wextra -g -O2

Linker flags             : 

Extra Lib                :  -lcrypto  -lssl 

Use IPVS Framework       : Yes

IPVS use libnl           : No

IPVS syncd attributes    : No

IPVS 64 bit stats        : No

fwmark socket support    : Yes

Use VRRP Framework       : Yes

Use VRRP VMAC            : Yes

Use VRRP authentication  : Yes

With ip rules/routes     : Yes

SNMP vrrp support        : No

SNMP checker support     : No

SNMP RFCv2 support       : No

SNMP RFCv3 support       : No

DBUS support             : No

SHA1 support             : No

Use Debug flags          : No

Stacktrace support       : No

Memory alloc check       : No

libnl version            : None

Use IPv4 devconf         : No

Use libiptc              : No

Use libipset             : No

init type                : upstart

Build genhash            : Yes

Build documentation      : No

 

*** WARNING - this build will not support IPVS with IPv6. Please install libnl/libnl-3 dev libraries to support IPv6 with IPVS.

 

 

 

解决方案一：（在线安装）

 

执行yum命令yum -y install libnl libnl-devel解决上述警告问题

 

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# yum -y install libnl libnl-devel

 

 

 

解决方案二：（离线安装）

 

离线安装libnl-devel包，从网上下载libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm包，执行rpm -ivh libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm命令。

 

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ other-packages]# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm

####执行wget命令是从另外一台可以连接外网的服务器上下载libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm包的命令，可以忽略，只是为大家提供个下载libnl-devel地址####

 

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ other-packages]# rpm -ivh libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm 

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

        package libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64 is already installed

 

 

 

安装完成以后，重新执行configure命令

 

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

 

 

 

2. 系统出现错误信息“configure: error: libnfnetlink headers missing”，具体日志如下：

 

checking for nl_socket_modify_cb in -lnl... yes

checking for linux/rtnetlink.h... yes

checking libnfnetlink/libnfnetlink.h usability... no

checking libnfnetlink/libnfnetlink.h presence... no

checking for libnfnetlink/libnfnetlink.h... no

configure: error: libnfnetlink headers missing

 

 

 

解决方案一：（在线安装）

 

执行yum命令yum install -y libnfnetlink-devel解决上述错误问题

 

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# yum install -y libnfnetlink-devel

 

 

 

解决方案二：（离线安装）

 

Linux执行wget下载rpm包（离线安装libnfnetlink包时所需rpm包，执行wget下载libnfnetlink rpm包命令，此步可以忽略，只是为大家提供个下载libnfnetlink地址），具体命令如下：

 

wget ftp://mirror.switch.ch/mirror/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/libnfnetlink-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

wget ftp://mirror.switch.ch/mirror/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/libnfnetlink-devel-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

 

执行rpm -ivh libnfnetlink-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm命令安装libnfnetlink-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm包，具体如下：

 

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ other-packages]# rpm -ivh libnfnetlink-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

   1:libnfnetlink           ########################################### [100%]

 

执行rpm -ivh libnfnetlink-devel-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm命令安装libnfnetlink-devel-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm包，具体如下：

 

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ other-packages]# rpm -ivh libnfnetlink-devel-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

   1:libnfnetlink-devel     ########################################### [100%]

 

 

 

安装完成以后，重新执行configure命令

 

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

 

 

 

3. 编译keepalived不会出现上述警告和其他错误，执行make && make install命令进行安装：

 

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# make && make install

 

至此Keepalived编译并安装结束，在下一篇文章中会详解介绍Nginx搭配Keepalived的详细配置和使用方法，欢迎大家收藏本站素文宅博客。

 

启动命令：

 

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# ./sbin/keepalived -f /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived.conf

 

 

 

制作快捷启动，在源文件的目录./keepalived-1.3.5/keepalived/etc/init.d下有两个个快捷启动文件和生成/usr/local/keepalived目录下一个配置文件需要复制，具体执行如下命令：

 

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]#  cp ./keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# mkdir /etc/keepalived

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]#  cp  /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]#  cp ./keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/keepalived

[root@yoodb /]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

 

这样就可以执行service keepalived [start | stop | reload | restart ]命令。

 

启动keepalived服务报错

 

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1.  # service keepalived start  

 

错误如下

 

Job for keepalived.service failed because a configured resource limit was exceeded. See "systemctl status keepalived.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

 

Job for keepalived.service failed because a configured resource limit was exceeded. See "systemctl status keepalived.service" and "journalctl -xe" for

 

 details.

 

查看错误

 

1.  # systemctl status keepalived.service  

 

我们可以看到日志，是写日志出了问题

 

1.  [root@zk-02 sbin]# systemctl status keepalived.service  

2.  ● keepalived.service - LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor  

3.     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)  

4.     Active: failed (Result: resources) since Fri 2017-08-04 15:32:31 CST; 4min 59s ago  

5.    Process: 16764 ExecStart=/usr/local/program/keepalived/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)  

6.    

7.  Aug 04 15:32:25 zk-02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16768]: Activating healthchecker for service [10.10.10.2]:1358  

8.  Aug 04 15:32:25 zk-02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16768]: Activating healthchecker for service [10.10.10.3]:1358  

9.  Aug 04 15:32:25 zk-02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16768]: Activating healthchecker for service [10.10.10.3]:1358  

10.Aug 04 15:32:25 zk-02 Keepalived_vrrp[16769]: (VI_1): No VIP specified; at least one is required  

11.Aug 04 15:32:26 zk-02 Keepalived[16766]: Keepalived_vrrp exited with permanent error CONFIG. Terminating  

12.Aug 04 15:32:26 zk-02 Keepalived[16766]: Stopping  

13.Aug 04 15:32:31 zk-02 systemd[1]: keepalived.service never wrote its PID file. Failing.    ##写日志出了问题  

14.Aug 04 15:32:31 zk-02 systemd[1]: Failed to start LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor.  

15.Aug 04 15:32:31 zk-02 systemd[1]: Unit keepalived.service entered failed state.  

16.Aug 04 15:32:31 zk-02 systemd[1]: keepalived.service failed.  

17.[root@zk-02 sbin]# vi /var/run/keepalived.pid  

18.[root@zk-02 sbin]# vim /lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service  

19.[root@zk-02 sbin]# vim /lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service  

 

 

 

查看keepalived.service

 

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1.  # vi /lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service  

 

内容如下

 

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1.  [Unit]  

2.  Description=LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor  

3.  After=syslog.target network-online.target  

4.    

5.  [Service]  

6.  Type=forking  

7.  PIDFile=/usr/local/program/keepalived/var/run/keepalived.pid      ##发现这个目录不存在，无法写入keepalived.pid  

8.  KillMode=process  

9.  EnvironmentFile=-/usr/local/program/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived  

10.ExecStart=/usr/local/program/keepalived/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS  

11.ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID  

12.  

13.[Install]  

14.WantedBy=multi-user.target  

 

问题见

 

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1.  PIDFile=/usr/local/program/keepalived/var/run/keepalived.pid      ##发现这个目录不存在，无法写入keepalived.pid  

 

修改成

 

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1.  PIDFile=/var/run/keepalived.pid    

 

 

 

运行命令

 

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1.  # systemctl daemon-reload    #重新载入 systemd，扫描新的或有变动的单元  

 

在运行就Ok了

 

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1.  service keepalived start  

2.  Starting keepalived (via systemctl):                       [  OK  ]