unix-rpm(转)

转子：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6151984a0100evli.html
rpm –ivh             安装rpm 包

    rpm升级
rpm –Uvh sendmail-8.9.3-10.i386.rpm


    rpm –qa | grep …        查当前安装的rpm包

    rpm -q telnet-server


    卸载RPM软件包------rpm -e
    最基本的卸载例子
# rpm -qa | grep php                卸前先查
php-ldap-5.0.4-10
php-5.0.4-10
php-pear-5.0.4-10
# rpm -e php-pear-5.0.4-10 php-5.0.4-10 php-ldap-5.0.4-10
可以一次卸载多个
# rpm -qa | grep php


    卸载中常见的依赖错误
# rpm -qa | grep httpd
system-config-httpd-1.3.2-2
httpd-2.0.54-10

# rpm -e httpd-2.0.54-10
error: Failed dependencies:
        httpd-mmn = 20020903 is needed by (installed) mod_perl-2.0.0-0.rc5.3.i386
        httpd-mmn = 20020903 is needed by (installed) mod_python-3.1.4-2.i386
        httpd-mmn = 20020903 is needed by (installed) mod_ssl-2.0.54-10.i386
        webserver is needed by (installed) webalizer-2.01_10-28.i386
        httpd >= 2.0.40 is needed by (installed) mod_perl-2.0.0-0.rc5.3.i386
        httpd >= 2.0.40 is needed by (installed) mod_python-3.1.4-2.i386
        httpd = 2.0.54-10 is needed by (installed) mod_ssl-2.0.54-10.i386
        httpd is needed by (installed) system-config-httpd-1.3.2-2.noarch
卸不掉，很多软件依赖它，只能把依赖软件先卸掉
[root@localhost data]# rpm -e system-config-httpd-1.3.2-2

[root@localhost data]# rpm -qa | grep mod_perl
mod_perl-2.0.0-0.rc5.3
[root@localhost data]# rpm -qa | grep mod_python
mod_python-3.1.4-2
[root@localhost data]# rpm -qa | grep mod_ssl
mod_ssl-2.0.54-10
[root@localhost data]# rpm -e mod_perl-2.0.0-0.rc5.3
[root@localhost data]# rpm -e mod_python-3.1.4-2
[root@localhost data]# rpm -e mod_ssl-2.0.54-10

[root@localhost data]# rpm -e httpd-2.0.54-10
error: Failed dependencies:
        webserver is needed by (installed) webalizer-2.01_10-28.i386

[root@localhost data]# rpm -qa | grep webalizer
webalizer-2.01_10-28
[root@localhost data]# rpm -e webalizer-2.01_10-28

[root@localhost data]# rpm -e httpd-2.0.54-10
warning: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf saved as /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf.rpmsave


    rpm  --nodeps （不检查依赖性）
因为linux的一些bug,有些软件是相互依赖的，先装/卸哪个都不行，就得用nodeps这个参数才行。
下边的“死循环”，你需要我，我需要你
[root@nm http]# rpm -ivh httpd-suexec-2.0.52-25.ent.i386.rpm
warning: httpd-suexec-2.0.52-25.ent.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID db42a60e
error: Failed dependencies:
        httpd = 2.0.52-25.ent is needed by httpd-suexec-2.0.52-25.ent.i386
    Suggested resolutions:
        httpd-2.0.52-25.ent.i386.rpm

[root@nm http]# rpm -ivh httpd-2.0.52-25.ent.i386.rpm
warning: httpd-2.0.52-25.ent.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID db42a60e
error: Failed dependencies:
        httpd-suexec is needed by httpd-2.0.52-25.ent.i386
    Suggested resolutions:
        httpd-suexec-2.0.52-25.ent.i386.rpm
解决：一个--nodeps不依赖，一个正常的依赖
[root@nm http]# rpm -ivh --nodeps httpd-2.0.52-25.ent.i386.rpm
warning: httpd-2.0.52-25.ent.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID db42a60e
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:httpd                  ########################################### [100%]
[root@nm http]# rpm -ivh httpd-suexec-2.0.52-25.ent.i386.rpm
warning: httpd-suexec-2.0.52-25.ent.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID db42a60e
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:httpd-suexec           ########################################### [100%]