WinForm中使用反射将业务对象绑定到窗体或控件容器

在WebForm中，可以使用反射将业务对象绑定到 ASP.NET 窗体控件。最近做Winform项目，也参考WebForm中的代码实现同样的功能。

Winform没有提供类似WebForm中的FindControl方法，我于是用遍历控件的方式，写了一个类似WebForm中的这个方法，考虑到Winform中的很多控件放在Label、TabControl中，方法采用了递归的方式。

Winform和Winform的控件也有些区别，如在Winform中，DateTimePicker取值是用Value属性，在WebForm中使用SelectDate属性，在Winform中，有NumericUpDown控件，取值也是用Value属性，因此，具体绑定方式上也和WebForm中有些区别。

////代码如下：
using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Collections;

namespace BindTest
{

public sealed class FormBinding
{
/// <summary>
/// 将业务对象绑定到窗体或控件容器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">业务对象</param>
/// <param name="container">窗体或控件容器</param>
public static void BindObjectToControls(object obj, Control container)
{
if (obj == null) return;

Type objType = obj.GetType();
PropertyInfo[] objPropertiesArray = objType.GetProperties();

foreach (PropertyInfo objProperty in objPropertiesArray)
{
Control control = FindControl(container, objProperty.Name);
if (control == null) continue;

if (control is DateTimePicker)
{
DateTimePicker dateTimePicker = (DateTimePicker)control;
dateTimePicker.Value = (DateTime)objProperty.GetValue(obj, null);
}
else
{
//获取控件的属性
Type controlType = control.GetType();
PropertyInfo[] controlPropertiesArray = controlType.GetProperties();

//通用属性
bool success = false;
success = FindAndSetControlProperty(obj, objProperty, control, controlPropertiesArray, "Checked", typeof(bool));

if (!success)
success = FindAndSetControlProperty(obj, objProperty, control, controlPropertiesArray, "Value", typeof(String));

if (!success)
success = FindAndSetControlProperty(obj, objProperty, control, controlPropertiesArray, "Text", typeof(String));

if (!success)
success = FindAndSetControlProperty(obj, objProperty, control, controlPropertiesArray, "SelectedValue", typeof(String));

}
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 根据控件名找出容器中的控件，考虑有些控件放在窗体的容器中，采用了递归查找。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="container">控件容器</param>
/// <param name="controlName">控件名称</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static Control FindControl(Control container, string controlName)
{
Control findControl = null;
foreach(Control control in container.Controls)
{
if (control.Controls.Count == 0)
{
if (control.Name == controlName)
{
findControl = control;
break;
}
}
else
{
findControl = FindControl(control, controlName);
}
}
return findControl;
}

/// <summary>
/// 设置控件的值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj"></param>
/// <param name="objProperty"></param>
/// <param name="control"></param>
/// <param name="controlPropertiesArray"></param>
/// <param name="propertyName"></param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static bool FindAndSetControlProperty(object obj, PropertyInfo objProperty, Control control, PropertyInfo[] controlPropertiesArray, string propertyName, Type type)
{
foreach (PropertyInfo controlProperty in controlPropertiesArray)
{
if (controlProperty.Name == propertyName && controlProperty.PropertyType == type)
{
controlProperty.SetValue(control, Convert.ChangeType(objProperty.GetValue(obj, null), type), null);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}

public static void BindControlsToObject(object obj, Control container)
{
if (obj == null) return;

//获取业务对象的属性
Type objType = obj.GetType();
PropertyInfo[] objPropertiesArray = objType.GetProperties();

foreach (PropertyInfo objProperty in objPropertiesArray)
{

Control control = FindControl(container, objProperty.Name);
if (control == null) continue;
if (control is DateTimePicker)
{
DateTimePicker dateTimePicker = (DateTimePicker)control;
objProperty.SetValue(obj, Convert.ChangeType(dateTimePicker.Value, objProperty.PropertyType), null);

}
else
{
Type controlType = control.GetType();
PropertyInfo[] controlPropertiesArray = controlType.GetProperties();

bool success = false;
success = FindAndGetControlProperty(obj, objProperty, control, controlPropertiesArray, "Checked", typeof(bool));

if (!success)
success = FindAndGetControlProperty(obj, objProperty, control, controlPropertiesArray, "Value", typeof(String));

if (!success)
success = FindAndGetControlProperty(obj, objProperty, control, controlPropertiesArray, "Text", typeof(String));

if (!success)
success = FindAndGetControlProperty(obj, objProperty, control, controlPropertiesArray, "SelectedValue", typeof(String));
}
}
}

private static bool FindAndGetControlProperty(object obj, PropertyInfo objProperty, Control control, PropertyInfo[] controlPropertiesArray, string propertyName, Type type)
{
// 在整个控件属性中进行迭代
foreach (PropertyInfo controlProperty in controlPropertiesArray)
{
// 检查匹配的名称和类型
if (controlProperty.Name == "Text" && controlProperty.PropertyType == typeof(String))
{
// 将控件的属性设置为
// 业务对象属性值
try
{
objProperty.SetValue(obj, Convert.ChangeType(controlProperty.GetValue(control, null), objProperty.PropertyType), null);
return true;
}
catch
{
// 无法将来自窗体控件
// 的数据转换为
// objProperty.PropertyType
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}

}
}

//使用方法：
//业务对象：
public class Model
{
public Model()
{
}

private string test1;
private DateTime test2;
private string test3;

public string Test1
{
set { test1 = value; }
get { return test1; }
}

public DateTime Test2
{
set { test2 = value; }
get { return test2; }
}

public string Test3
{
set { test3 = value; }
get { return test3; }
}
}

在一个Winform中，放两个TextBox控件，一个DateTimePicker控件，一个Panel控件，分别命名位Test1、Test2、Test3，其中把Text3控件放在Panel1中。
将业务对象绑定到窗体：
Model model = new Model();
model.Test1 = "Hello,World!";
model.Test2 = DateTime.Now.AddMonths(-2);
model.Test3 = "Nice to meet u!";
FormBinding.BindObjectToControls(model, this);

将窗体绑定到业务对象：
Model model = new Model();
FormBinding.BindControlsToObject(model, this);
MessageBox.Show(model.Test1 + " " + model.Test2.ToShortDateString() + " " + model.Test3);