Spark1.3+ubuntu 14.10+hadoop 2.6(单机版)

单机版
在Ubuntu下创建hadoop用户组和用户
hadoop的管理员最好就是以后要登录桌面环境运行eclipse的用户，否则后面会有拒绝读写的问题出现。当然不是也有办法办法解决。

    1. 创建hadoop用户组;

       sudo addgroup hadoop 

    2. 创建hadoop用户;
、
        sudo adduser -ingroup hadoop hadoop 

    3. 给hadoop用户添加权限，打开/etc/sudoers文件;

            sudo gedit /etc/sudoers 


        在root   ALL=(ALL:ALL)   ALL下添加hadoop   ALL=(ALL:ALL)  ALL.

在Ubuntu下安装JDK

    具体见：http://blog.csdn.net/ggz631047367/article/details/42366687           //JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25

安装ssh服务
        sudo apt-get install ssh openssh-server 


建立ssh无密码登录本机

    切换到hadoop用户，执行以下命令：
            su - hadoop 

   ssh生成密钥有rsa和dsa两种生成方式，默认情况下采用rsa方式。

    1. 创建ssh-key，，这里我们采用rsa方式;
      ssh-keygen -t rsa -P "" （注：回车后会在~/.ssh/下生成两个文件：id_rsa和id_rsa.pub这两个文件是成对出现的） 

    2. 进入~/.ssh/目录下，将id_rsa.pub追加到authorized_keys授权文件中，开始是没有authorized_keys文件的;
            cd ~/.ssh 
            cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys （完成后就可以无密码登录本机了。） 

    3. 登录localhost;
            ssh localhost 

    4. 执行退出命令;
            exit 

安装hadoop（下载prebuilt无需下载编译版）

    下载地址：http://apache.fayea.com/hadoop/common/stable/hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz

    1. 把hadoop解压到/usr/local下:
            sudo tar -zxvf hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz 
            sudo mv hadoop-2.6.0 /usr/local/hadoop 
            sudo chmod -R 775 /usr/local/hadoop 
            sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop /usr/local/hadoop  //否则ssh会拒绝访问 

    2.配置

            修改bashrc的配置：
                    sudo gedit ~/.bashrc 


                在文件末尾添加：

                    #HADOOP VARIABLES START 
                     
                    export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_25 
                     
                    export HADOOP_INSTALL=/usr/local/hadoop 
                     
                    export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_INSTALL/bin 
                     
                    export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_INSTALL/sbin 
                     
                    export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL 
                     
                    export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL 
                     
                    export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL 
                     
                    export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL 
                     
                    export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_INSTALL/lib/native 
                     
                    export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_INSTALL/lib" 
                     
                    #HADOOP VARIABLES END 


                如果不知道JAVA_HOME可以通过命令获得：

                update-alternatives --config java 

                目录取到java根目录即可。


                执行下面命令使改动生效：
                    source ~/.bashrc 

            修改hadoop-env.sh的配置：

                [html] view plaincopy

                    sudo gedit /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh 
                   export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jvm/jdk1.7.0_79

                找到JAVA_HOME改为上面的值。
配置环境变量
   vi /etc/profile
 
   新增hadoop环境变量(按照自己的安装路径配置)
   export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jvm/jdk1.7.0_79
   export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib:$HADOOP_HOME/lib
   export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH:$ANT_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin

检测是否安装成功
   hadoop version
   出现如下信息，安装成功
   Hadoop 2.6.0
Subversion https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop.git -r e3496499ecb8d220fba99dc5ed4c99c8f9e33bb1
Compiled by jenkins on 2014-11-13T21:10Z
Compiled with protoc 2.5.0
From source with checksum 18e43357c8f927c0695f1e9522859d6a
This command was run using /usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.6.0.jar


测试

        通过执行hadoop自带实例WordCount验证是否安装成功

         /usr/local/hadoop路径下创建input文件夹 
           mkdir input 
            cp README.txt input 

        在hadoop目录下执行WordCount：
     bin/hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.6.0-sources.jar wordcount input output 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
master@master-VirtualBox:~$ sudo cp /mnt/shared/hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz /usr/local/
master@master-VirtualBox:~$ tar -zxf /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz
master@master-VirtualBox:~$ sudo tar -zxf /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz
master@master-VirtualBox:~$ cd /usr/local/

master@master-VirtualBox:/usr/local$ sudo tar zxf hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz
master@master-VirtualBox:/usr/local$ cd hadoop-2.6.0/

master@master-VirtualBox:/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0$ cd etc/hadoop/

master@master-VirtualBox:/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0/etc/hadoop$ sudo gedit hadoop-env.sh
     export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jvm/jdk1.7.0_79
master@master-VirtualBox:/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0/etc/hadoop$ cd ~
master@master-VirtualBox:~$ sudo gedit .bashrc
/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0/bin添加到path中
master@master-VirtualBox:~$ source .bashrc
master@master-VirtualBox:~$ hadoop version
Hadoop 2.6.0
Subversion https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop.git -r e3496499ecb8d220fba99dc5ed4c99c8f9e33bb1
Compiled by jenkins on 2014-11-13T21:10Z
Compiled with protoc 2.5.0
From source with checksum 18e43357c8f927c0695f1e9522859d6a
This command was run using /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.6.0.jar
master@master-VirtualBox:/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0$ sudo mkdir input
master@master-VirtualBox:/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0$ sudo cp README.txt input/
master@master-VirtualBox:/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0$ bin/hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.6.0.jar wordcount input output
如果出现错误是因为hadoop权限不够
master@master-VirtualBox:/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0$ cd hadoop-2.6.0/
master@master-VirtualBox:/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0$ sudo chmod -R 777 hadoop-2.6.0
master@master-VirtualBox:/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0$ bin/hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.6.0.jar wordcount input output
master@master-VirtualBox:/usr/local/hadoop-2.6.0$ cat output/*