Java之Excel操作 Apache POI

转自：http://blog.csdn.net/vacblog/article/details/8237674

 

下载地址：http://poi.apache.org/ 

 

Apache POI 是用Java编写的免费开源的跨平台的 Java API，Apache POI提供API给Java程式对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能。

 

• HSSF － 提供读写Microsoft Excel XLS格式档案的功能。
• XSSF － 提供读写Microsoft Excel OOXML XLSX格式档案的功能。
• HWPF － 提供读写Microsoft Word DOC格式档案的功能。
• HSLF － 提供读写Microsoft PowerPoint格式档案的功能。
• HDGF － 提供读Microsoft Visio格式档案的功能。
• HPBF － 提供读Microsoft Publisher格式档案的功能。
• HSMF － 提供读Microsoft Outlook格式档案的功能。

操作：

生成Workbook ： HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();  

添加Worksheet（不添加sheet时生成的xls文件打开时会错）：Sheet sheet3 = wb.createSheet("new sheet");

保存为Excel文件： out = new FileOutputStream("c:\\text.xls");   wb.write(out);

打开Workbook：

  方法一：

      in = new FileInputStream(TEST_WORKBOOK_NAME);

      Workbook  wb = WorkbookFactory.create(in);

  方法二：

 

in = new FileInputStream(TEST_WORKBOOK_NAME);
    POIFSFileSystem fs = new POIFSFileSystem(in);
    wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);

 

打开加密的Workbook(读加密) 

 

FileInputStream input = new FileInputStream(TEST_WORKBOOK_NAME_ENCRYPTED);
BufferedInputStream binput = new BufferedInputStream(input);
POIFSFileSystem poifs = new POIFSFileSystem(binput);

Biff8EncryptionKey.setCurrentUserPassword(TEST_WORKBOOK_PASSWORD);

HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(poifs);

System.out.println("====================EncryptedWorkbook====================");
System.out.println("Number of Sheets:" + wb.getNumberOfSheets());
System.out.println("Sheet0's name:" + wb.getSheetName(0));
System.out.println();

 

复制Sheet ：wb.cloneSheet(1);

修改Sheet名称：wb.setSheetName(i, "SheetName new"); 

删除Sheet： wb.removeSheetAt(1);  

调整Sheet顺序 ：

wb.setSheetOrder("SheetName3", 1);
wb.setSheetOrder(wb.getSheetName(4), 0);

设置当前Sheet：  t.setActiveSheet(); 

     或: wb.getSheetAt(wb.getNumberOfSheets() - 1).setSelected(true);  

固定窗口 :wb.getSheet("SheetName4").createFreezePane(2, 2);

 

 

分割窗口

wb.getSheet("SheetName5").createSplitPane(2000, 2000, 0, 0, HSSFSheet.PANE_LOWER_LEFT);  

 

Sheet缩放 :

 

//扩大(200%)
wb.getSheet("sheetname1").setZoom(2, 1);
//缩小(50%)
wb.getSheet("sheetname2").setZoom(1, 2);

不显示网格线 

//不显示网格线
wb.getSheet("sheetname8").setDisplayGridlines(false);

 

23、设置分页 

//设置第一页：3行2列 （可以多次设置）
wb.getSheet("sheetname9").setRowBreak(2);
wb.getSheet("sheetname9").setColumnBreak(1);

 

24、添加，删除，合并单元格 

//追加行
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    Row row = wb.getSheet("sheetname10").createRow(i);
    for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
        //添加单元格
        Cell cell = row.createCell(j);
        cell.setCellValue(i + 1);
    }

    //删除单元格
    row.removeCell(row.getCell(5));
}

//合并单元格
//CellRangeAddress(int firstRow, int lastRow, int firstCol, int lastCol)
wb.getSheet("sheetname10").addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(1, 4, 2, 3));

 

25、设置Header，Footer 

//Header
Header header = wb.getSheet("sheetname11").getHeader();
header.setLeft(HSSFHeader.startUnderline() +
        HSSFHeader.font("宋体", "Italic") +
        "文字文字" +
        HSSFHeader.endUnderline());
header.setCenter(HSSFHeader.fontSize((short)16) +
        HSSFHeader.startDoubleUnderline() +
        HSSFHeader.startBold() +
        "汉字汉字" +
        HSSFHeader.endBold() +
        HSSFHeader.endDoubleUnderline());
header.setRight("打印时间:" + HSSFHeader.date() +  " " + HSSFHeader.time());

//Footer
Footer footer = wb.getSheet("sheetname11").getFooter();
footer.setLeft("Copyright @ rensanning");
footer.setCenter("Page:" + HSSFFooter.page() + " / " + HSSFFooter.numPages());
footer.setRight("File:" + HSSFFooter.file());

 
 

26、设置单元格值 

//boolean
Cell cell00 = rows[0].createCell(0);
boolean val00 = true;
cell00.setCellValue(val00);

//Calendar 格式化
CellStyle styleCalendar = wb.createCellStyle();
DataFormat formatCalendar = wb.createDataFormat();
styleCalendar.setDataFormat(formatCalendar.getFormat("yyyy/mm/dd"));
Cell cell11 = rows[1].createCell(0);
Calendar val11 = Calendar.getInstance();
cell11.setCellStyle(styleCalendar);
cell11.setCellValue(val11);

//Date 格式化
CellStyle styleDate = wb.createCellStyle();
DataFormat formatDate = wb.createDataFormat();
styleDate.setDataFormat(formatDate.getFormat("yyyy/mm/dd hh:mm"));
Cell cell21 = rows[2].createCell(0);
Date val21 = new Date();
cell21.setCellStyle(styleDate);
cell21.setCellValue(val21);

//double
Cell cell30 = rows[3].createCell(0);
double val30 = 1234.56;
cell30.setCellValue(val30);

//double 格式化
CellStyle styleDouble = wb.createCellStyle();
DataFormat formatDouble = wb.createDataFormat();
styleDouble.setDataFormat(formatDouble.getFormat("#,##0.00"));
Cell cell31 = rows[3].createCell(1);
double val31 = 1234.56;
cell31.setCellStyle(styleDouble);
cell31.setCellValue(val31);

//String
Cell cell40 = rows[4].createCell(0);
HSSFRichTextString val40 = new HSSFRichTextString("Test汉字");
cell40.setCellValue(val40);

 

27、设置单元格边线 

wb.getSheet("sheetname2").setColumnWidth(1, 4096);

Row row1 = wb.getSheet("sheetname2").createRow(1);
row1.setHeightInPoints(70);

Cell cell1_1 = row1.createCell(1);
cell1_1.setCellValue("Sample");

CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();

style.setBorderTop(CellStyle.BORDER_DASHED);
style.setBorderBottom(CellStyle.BORDER_DOUBLE);
style.setBorderLeft(CellStyle.BORDER_MEDIUM_DASH_DOT);
style.setBorderRight(CellStyle.BORDER_MEDIUM);

style.setTopBorderColor(IndexedColors.MAROON.getIndex());
style.setBottomBorderColor(IndexedColors.SKY_BLUE.getIndex());
style.setLeftBorderColor(IndexedColors.ORANGE.getIndex());
style.setRightBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLUE_GREY.getIndex());

cell1_1.setCellStyle(style);

 

28、设置单元格背景填充 

wb.getSheet("sheetname3").setColumnWidth(0, 4096);
wb.getSheet("sheetname3").setColumnWidth(1, 4096);
wb.getSheet("sheetname3").setColumnWidth(2, 4096);

Row row1 = wb.getSheet("sheetname3").createRow(1);
row1.setHeightInPoints(70);

Cell cell1_0 = row1.createCell(0);
Cell cell1_1 = row1.createCell(1);
Cell cell1_2 = row1.createCell(2);

cell1_0.setCellValue("THIN_VERT_BANDS");
cell1_1.setCellValue("BIG_SPOTS");
cell1_2.setCellValue("THICK_HORZ_BANDS");

CellStyle style1 = wb.createCellStyle();
style1.setFillPattern(CellStyle.THIN_VERT_BANDS);
style1.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.WHITE.getIndex());
style1.setFillBackgroundColor(IndexedColors.BLUE.getIndex());

CellStyle style2 = wb.createCellStyle();
style2.setFillPattern(CellStyle.BIG_SPOTS);
style2.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.RED.getIndex());
style2.setFillBackgroundColor(IndexedColors.WHITE.getIndex());

CellStyle style3 = wb.createCellStyle();
style3.setFillPattern(CellStyle.THICK_HORZ_BANDS);
style3.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.PINK.getIndex());
style3.setFillBackgroundColor(IndexedColors.BROWN.getIndex());

cell1_0.setCellStyle(style1);
cell1_1.setCellStyle(style2);
cell1_2.setCellStyle(style3);

 

29、设置单元格注释 

HSSFCreationHelper createHelper =
    (HSSFCreationHelper)wb.getCreationHelper();
Drawing patriarch = wb.getSheet("sheetname4").createDrawingPatriarch();

//注释
Row row = wb.getSheet("sheetname4").createRow(1);
Cell cell = row.createCell(1);

HSSFClientAnchor clientAnchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0,
        (short) 4, 2, (short) 6, 5);

Comment comment = patriarch.createCellComment(clientAnchor);
comment.setString(createHelper.createRichTextString("注释注释111"));
comment.setAuthor("rensanning");

cell.setCellComment(comment);

//带字体的注释
Row row2 = wb.getSheet("sheetname4").createRow(2);
Cell cell2 = row2.createCell(1);

Font font = wb.createFont();
font.setFontName("宋体");
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)10);
font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
font.setColor(HSSFColor.RED.index);

Comment comment2 = patriarch.createCellComment(clientAnchor);
HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString("注释注释222");
text.applyFont(font);
comment2.setString(text);
comment2.setAuthor("rensanning");

cell2.setCellComment(comment2);

30、设置单元格字体（斜体，粗体，下线，取消线，字体，大小，背景色） 

Font font = null;
CellStyle style = null;

//斜体
font = wb.createFont();
font.setItalic(true);
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFont(font);

wb.getSheet("sheetname5").getRow(1).getCell(1).setCellStyle(style);

//粗体
font = wb.createFont();
font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFont(font);

wb.getSheet("sheetname5").getRow(2).getCell(1).setCellStyle(style);

//字体名
font = wb.createFont();
font.setFontName("Courier New");
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFont(font);

wb.getSheet("sheetname5").getRow(3).getCell(1).setCellStyle(style);

//字体大小
font = wb.createFont();
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)20);
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFont(font);

wb.getSheet("sheetname5").getRow(4).getCell(1).setCellStyle(style);

//文字颜色
font = wb.createFont();
font.setColor(HSSFColor.YELLOW.index);
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFont(font);

wb.getSheet("sheetname5").getRow(5).getCell(1).setCellStyle(style);

//上标
font = wb.createFont();
font.setTypeOffset(HSSFFont.SS_SUPER);
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFont(font);

wb.getSheet("sheetname5").getRow(6).getCell(1).setCellStyle(style);

//下标
font = wb.createFont();
font.setTypeOffset(HSSFFont.SS_SUB);
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFont(font);

wb.getSheet("sheetname5").getRow(7).getCell(1).setCellStyle(style);

//删除线
font = wb.createFont();
font.setStrikeout(true);
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFont(font);

wb.getSheet("sheetname5").getRow(8).getCell(1).setCellStyle(style);

//下划线
font = wb.createFont();
font.setUnderline(HSSFFont.U_SINGLE);
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFont(font);

wb.getSheet("sheetname5").getRow(9).getCell(1).setCellStyle(style);

//背景色
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.SEA_GREEN.index);
style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);

style.setFont(font);

wb.getSheet("sheetname5").getRow(10).getCell(1).setCellStyle(style);

 

31、设置超链接 

HSSFCreationHelper createHelper =
    (HSSFCreationHelper)wb.getCreationHelper();

CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
Font font = wb.createFont();
font.setUnderline(HSSFFont.U_SINGLE);
font.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
style.setFont(font);

//追加行
Row[] rows = new Row[10];
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    rows[i] = wb.getSheet("sheetname6").createRow(i);
}

//URL
rows[0].createCell(0).setCellValue("URL Link");

HSSFHyperlink link1 = createHelper.createHyperlink(HSSFHyperlink.LINK_URL);
link1.setAddress("http://poi.apache.org/");
rows[0].getCell(0).setHyperlink(link1);
rows[0].getCell(0).setCellStyle(style);

//Mail
rows[1].createCell(0).setCellValue("Email Link");

HSSFHyperlink link2 = createHelper.createHyperlink(HSSFHyperlink.LINK_EMAIL);
link2.setAddress("mailto:[e-mail]?subject=Hyperlinks");
rows[1].getCell(0).setHyperlink(link2);
rows[1].getCell(0).setCellStyle(style);

//File
rows[2].createCell(0).setCellValue("File Link");

HSSFHyperlink link3 = createHelper.createHyperlink(HSSFHyperlink.LINK_FILE);
link3.setAddress("link.xls");
rows[2].getCell(0).setHyperlink(link3);
rows[2].getCell(0).setCellStyle(style);

//Workbook内
rows[3].createCell(0).setCellValue("Worksheet Link");

HSSFHyperlink link4 = createHelper.createHyperlink(HSSFHyperlink.LINK_DOCUMENT);
link4.setAddress("sheetname1!A1");
rows[3].getCell(0).setHyperlink(link4);
rows[3].getCell(0).setCellStyle(style);

32、设置单元格横向对齐，纵向对齐 

//横向对齐
wb.getSheet("sheetname7").setColumnWidth(2, 3072);

Row[] row = new Row[7];
Cell[] cell = new Cell[7];

for (int i = 0 ; i < 7 ; i++){
  row[i] = wb.getSheet("sheetname7").createRow(i + 1);
  cell[i] = row[i].createCell(2);
  cell[i].setCellValue("Please give me a receipt");
}

CellStyle style0 = wb.createCellStyle();
style0.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_GENERAL);
cell[0].setCellStyle(style0);

CellStyle style1 = wb.createCellStyle();
style1.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
cell[1].setCellStyle(style1);

CellStyle style2 = wb.createCellStyle();
style2.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
cell[2].setCellStyle(style2);

CellStyle style3 = wb.createCellStyle();
style3.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_RIGHT);
cell[3].setCellStyle(style3);

CellStyle style4 = wb.createCellStyle();
style4.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_FILL);
cell[4].setCellStyle(style4);

CellStyle style5 = wb.createCellStyle();
style5.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_JUSTIFY);
cell[5].setCellStyle(style5);

CellStyle style6 = wb.createCellStyle();
style6.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER_SELECTION);
cell[6].setCellStyle(style6);

//纵向对齐
Row row2 = wb.getSheet("sheetname8").createRow(1);
row2.setHeightInPoints(70);
Cell[] cell2 = new Cell[4];

for (int i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++){
    cell2[i] = row2.createCell(i + 1);
    cell2[i].setCellValue("Please give me a receipt");
}

CellStyle style02 = wb.createCellStyle();
style02.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_TOP);
cell2[0].setCellStyle(style02);

CellStyle style12 = wb.createCellStyle();
style12.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
cell2[1].setCellStyle(style12);

CellStyle style22 = wb.createCellStyle();
style22.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_BOTTOM);
cell2[2].setCellStyle(style22);

CellStyle style32 = wb.createCellStyle();
style32.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_JUSTIFY);
cell2[3].setCellStyle(style32);

 

33、设置单元格旋转角度 

Row[] row = new Row[4];
Cell[] cell = new Cell[4];

for (int i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++){
  row[i] = wb.getSheet("sheetname9").createRow(i + 1);
  cell[i] = row[i].createCell(2);
  cell[i].setCellValue("Coffee");
}

CellStyle style0 = wb.createCellStyle();
style0.setRotation((short)45);
cell[0].setCellStyle(style0);

CellStyle style1 = wb.createCellStyle();
style1.setRotation((short)0);
cell[1].setCellStyle(style1);

CellStyle style2 = wb.createCellStyle();
style2.setRotation((short)-45);
cell[2].setCellStyle(style2);

CellStyle style3 = wb.createCellStyle();
style3.setRotation((short)-90);
cell[3].setCellStyle(style3);

 

34、设置单元格自动折行 

Row[] row = new Row[2];
Cell[] cell = new Cell[2];

for (int i = 0 ; i < 2 ; i++){
  row[i] = wb.getSheet("sheetname10").createRow(i + 1);
  cell[i] = row[i].createCell(2);
  cell[i].setCellValue("Thank you very much.");
}

CellStyle style0 = wb.createCellStyle();
style0.setWrapText(true);
cell[0].setCellStyle(style0);

CellStyle style1 = wb.createCellStyle();
style1.setWrapText(false);
cell[1].setCellStyle(style1);

 

35、设置单元格文字缩进 

Row[] row = new Row[4];
Cell[] cell = new Cell[4];

for (int i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++){
  row[i] = wb.getSheet("sheetname11").createRow(i + 1);
  cell[i] = row[i].createCell(2);
  cell[i].setCellValue("Coffee");
}

CellStyle style1 = wb.createCellStyle();
style1.setIndention((short)1);
style1.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
cell[1].setCellStyle(style1);

CellStyle style2 = wb.createCellStyle();
style2.setIndention((short)2);
style2.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
cell[2].setCellStyle(style2);

CellStyle style3 = wb.createCellStyle();
style3.setIndention((short)3);
style3.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
cell[3].setCellStyle(style3);

 

36、自定义格式 

Row[] rows = new Row[2];
for (int i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
    rows[i] = wb.getSheet("sheetname12").createRow(i + 1);
}
DataFormat format = wb.createDataFormat();

CellStyle[] styles = new CellStyle[2];
for (int i = 0; i < styles.length; i++) {
    styles[i] = wb.createCellStyle();
}
styles[0].setDataFormat(format.getFormat("0.0"));
styles[1].setDataFormat(format.getFormat("#,##0.000"));

Cell[] cells = new Cell[2];
for (int i = 0; i < cells.length; i++)  {
    cells[i] = rows[i].createCell(1);
    cells[i].setCellValue(1111.25);

    cells[i].setCellStyle(styles[i]);
}

 

37、设置公式 

Row row1 = wb.getSheet("sheetname13").createRow(1);
Row row2 = wb.getSheet("sheetname13").createRow(2);

Cell cell1_1 = row1.createCell(1);
Cell cell1_2 = row1.createCell(2);
Cell cell1_3 = row1.createCell(3);
Cell cell2_3 = row2.createCell(3);

cell1_1.setCellValue(30);
cell1_2.setCellValue(25);
cell1_3.setCellFormula("B2+C2");
cell2_3.setCellFormula("MOD(B2,C2)");

 

38、画直线，圆圈（椭圆），正方形（长方形）,Textbox 

HSSFPatriarch patriarch = ((HSSFSheet)wb.getSheet("sheetname14")).createDrawingPatriarch();

//直线
HSSFClientAnchor clientAnchor1 = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0,
        (short) 4, 2, (short) 6, 5);
HSSFSimpleShape shape1 = patriarch.createSimpleShape(clientAnchor1);
shape1.setShapeType(HSSFSimpleShape.OBJECT_TYPE_LINE);

//圆圈（椭圆）
HSSFClientAnchor clientAnchor2 = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0,
        (short) 8, 4, (short) 6, 5);
HSSFSimpleShape shape2 = patriarch.createSimpleShape(clientAnchor2);
shape2.setShapeType(HSSFSimpleShape.OBJECT_TYPE_OVAL);

//正方形（长方形）
HSSFClientAnchor clientAnchor3 = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0,
        (short) 12, 6, (short) 6, 5);
HSSFSimpleShape shape3 = patriarch.createSimpleShape(clientAnchor3);
shape3.setShapeType(HSSFSimpleShape.OBJECT_TYPE_RECTANGLE);

//Textbox
HSSFClientAnchor clientAnchor4 = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0,
        (short) 14, 8, (short) 6, 5);
HSSFTextbox textbox = patriarch.createTextbox(clientAnchor4);
textbox.setString(new HSSFRichTextString("This is a test"));

39、插入图片 

//需要commons-codec-1.6.jar
FileInputStream jpeg = new FileInputStream("resource/test.jpg");
byte[] bytes = IOUtils.toByteArray(jpeg);
int pictureIndex = wb.addPicture(bytes, HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG);
jpeg.close();

HSSFCreationHelper helper = (HSSFCreationHelper) wb.getCreationHelper();

HSSFPatriarch patriarch = ((HSSFSheet)wb.getSheet("sheetname15")).createDrawingPatriarch();

HSSFClientAnchor clientAnchor = helper.createClientAnchor();

clientAnchor.setCol1(3);
clientAnchor.setRow1(2);

HSSFPicture picture = patriarch.createPicture(clientAnchor, pictureIndex);
picture.resize();

 

40、设置可输入List 

CellRangeAddressList addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(
        0,
        0,
        0,
        0);

final String[] DATA_LIST = new String[] {
        "10",
        "20",
        "30",
};
DVConstraint dvConstraint =
    DVConstraint.createExplicitListConstraint(DATA_LIST);

HSSFDataValidation dataValidation = new HSSFDataValidation(addressList, dvConstraint);
dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);

wb.getSheet("sheetname16").addValidationData(dataValidation);

 

41、设置输入提示信息 

CellRangeAddressList addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(
        0,
        0,
        0,
        0);

final String[] DATA_LIST = new String[] {
        "10",
        "20",
        "30",
};
DVConstraint dvConstraint = DVConstraint.createExplicitListConstraint(DATA_LIST);

HSSFDataValidation dataValidation =
    new HSSFDataValidation(addressList, dvConstraint);
dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
dataValidation.createPromptBox("输入提示", "请从下拉列表中选择！");
dataValidation.setShowPromptBox(true);

wb.getSheet("sheetname17").addValidationData(dataValidation);