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Implement a trie with insert, search, and startsWith methods.
Note:
You may assume that all inputs are consist of lowercase letters a-z.
题目的要求很简单,完成一个前缀树的插入,搜索等功能。
Trie为前缀树,又称字典树或单词查找树,是一种用于快速检索的多叉树结构,例如,基于英文字母的前缀树是一个26叉树(a-z),基于数字的前缀树是一个10叉树(0-9)。前缀树的核心思想是用空间换时间。利用字符串的公共前缀来降低查询时间的开销,从而可以提高效率。前缀树的缺点是如果系统中存在大量字符串,并且这些字符串基本没有公共前缀,此时需要占用大量的内存。有关前缀树的基本性质大家可以网上查询,这里不再赘述。
对于这道题目有一个search方法用来查询字典中是否存在这个单词,startsWith方法用来检查是否存在一个前缀。因此实现search方法时我们要借助一个变量isLast来判段,字典中这个是否为一个完整的单词。代码如下:
Note:
You may assume that all inputs are consist of lowercase letters a-z.
题目的要求很简单,完成一个前缀树的插入,搜索等功能。
Trie为前缀树,又称字典树或单词查找树,是一种用于快速检索的多叉树结构,例如,基于英文字母的前缀树是一个26叉树(a-z),基于数字的前缀树是一个10叉树(0-9)。前缀树的核心思想是用空间换时间。利用字符串的公共前缀来降低查询时间的开销,从而可以提高效率。前缀树的缺点是如果系统中存在大量字符串,并且这些字符串基本没有公共前缀,此时需要占用大量的内存。有关前缀树的基本性质大家可以网上查询,这里不再赘述。
对于这道题目有一个search方法用来查询字典中是否存在这个单词,startsWith方法用来检查是否存在一个前缀。因此实现search方法时我们要借助一个变量isLast来判段,字典中这个是否为一个完整的单词。代码如下:
class TrieNode { TrieNode[] trieNode; boolean isLast; // Initialize your data structure here. public TrieNode() { trieNode = new TrieNode[26]; isLast = false; } } public class Trie { private TrieNode root; public Trie() { root = new TrieNode(); } // Inserts a word into the trie. public void insert(String word) { TrieNode cur = root; for(char c : word.toCharArray()) { if(cur.trieNode[c - 'a'] == null) cur.trieNode[c - 'a'] = new TrieNode(); cur = cur.trieNode[c - 'a']; } cur.isLast = true; } // Returns if the word is in the trie. public boolean search(String word) { TrieNode cur = root; if(root == null) return false; for(char c : word.toCharArray()) { if(cur.trieNode[c - 'a'] == null) return false; cur = cur.trieNode[c - 'a']; } if(cur.isLast == true) return true; return false; } // Returns if there is any word in the trie // that starts with the given prefix. public boolean startsWith(String prefix) { TrieNode cur = root; if(root == null) return false; for(char c : prefix.toCharArray()) { if(cur.trieNode[c - 'a'] == null) return false; cur = cur.trieNode[c - 'a']; } return true; } } // Your Trie object will be instantiated and called as such: // Trie trie = new Trie(); // trie.insert("somestring"); // trie.search("key");
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