在Linux环境下安装spynner的方法步骤

原文网址：http://www.yihaomen.com/article/linux/313.htm

 

下载spynner,最新版本:https://pypi.python.org/pypi/spynner/2.5

在linux 下开发桌面应用，最常见的开发工具就是QT，而python是开源世界的轻骑兵，学习简单，开发高效，因此有了 pyqt 这个包用 python  来做 QT 开发。下面详细介绍其步骤。
一、基础环境配置
二、在centos 下编译，安装QT-4.8.3
三、安装pyqt
四、测试

基本环境搭建
g++ 是必须安装的.
yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool make
yum install gcc-c++

在安装QT 之前，还有可能要执行如下的命令，安装需要的依赖包
yum install libX*

1. 安装python2.7 (可以参考 http://www.yihaomen.com/article/linux/284.htm 这篇文章)
2. 更改python 软连接，因为centos 自带的python是 2.6.6 的，不满足需要。

 程序代码

cd /usr/bin
rm -rf python
ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 python
这样做了之后，可能导致一个问题yum 命令不能用，这时需要修改yum
vi /usr/bin/yum
修改第一行的python路径 #!/usr/bin/python2.6 因为centos 是用的python2.6

安装PYQT SIP
下载 pyqt sip: http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pyqt/sip/sip-4.14.1/sip-4.14.1.tar.gz
解压后 运行:
python configure.py
make
make install

安装PYQT
安装PYQT:http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pyqt/PyQt4/PyQt-4.9.5/PyQt-x11-gpl-4.9.5.tar.gz
下载后解压.

 程序代码

[root@localhost PyQt-x11-gpl-4.9.5]# python configure.py 
[root@localhost PyQt-x11-gpl-4.9.5]# python configure.py 
Error: Make sure you have a working Qt qmake on your PATH or use the -q
argument to explicitly specify a working Qt qmake.

你发现，报错了，装不了，提示没有 qmake, 
因为没有安装QT，所以，还得安装QT，
下载地址: http://origin.releases.qt-project.org/qt4/source/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.3.tar.gz
解压之后:

 程序代码

./configure (大约要10分钟)
结果如下：
Qt is now configured for building. Just run 'gmake'.
Once everything is built, you must run 'gmake install'.
Qt will be installed into /usr/local/Trolltech/Qt-4.8.3

make  (要等很久)
make install (要等10分钟左右)

出错可能是下面的3个有个没安装，安装即可：

sudo apt-get install libX11-dev libXext-dev libXtst-dev
你会发现 QT4.8.3 安装成功,你可以在安装目录/usr/local/Trolltech/Qt-4.8.3/bin/下  运行设计器 designer

然后再重新安装PYqT

 程序代码

[root@localhost PyQt-x11-gpl-4.9.5]# python configure.py -q /usr/local/Trolltech/Qt-4.8.3/bin/qmake
Determining the layout of your Qt installation...
This is the GPL version of PyQt 4.9.5 (licensed under the GNU General Public
License) for Python 2.7.3 on linux2.

Type '2' to view the GPL v2 license.
Type '3' to view the GPL v3 license.
Type 'yes' to accept the terms of the license.
Type 'no' to decline the terms of the license.

Do you accept the terms of the license? yes

在configure 的时候，指定了qmake的路径.
成功之后，然后再 
make (要等一段时间)
make install
成功运行命令后，PYQT 安装成功.你可以在python解析器下，运行import PyQt4 来检测是否安装成功.

测试脚本，并运行

 程序代码

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
widget = QtGui.QWidget()
widget.resize(250, 150)
widget.setWindowTitle('yihaomen.com QT TEST')
widget.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())

所以在centos 下安装qt,pyqt的关键就是，安装的顺序，另外 pyqt sip 也很重要，一定要在安装pyqt前安装，因为这个东西决定安装在那个python下面吧，如果有多个python在机器上。另外就是定qmake  的路径。

 

然后安装spynner,解压缩进入spynner目录执行，python setup.py install

 

 

 

 

Running Spynner without X11

原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/tengh/article/details/8268177

Xvfb is a virtual frame buffer X11 server that can be installed on linux servers without a monitor and graphics card. It can be customized for multiple displays and screens as well. In this tutorial i will show how to install, setup and configure a display. I am installing the Xvfb (X11 server) on a Centos/ Redhat linux system.

 

Example:

If you want to capture a screen shot but you have only a linux server running and no graphics card or monitor. To get the output you have to dump the virtual display to a file and then convert to suitable jpg or png graphics with ImageMagick

To Install Xvfb

yum install Xvfb

To intialize the display

Xvfb :1 -screen 0 800x600x24&

This sets the display number 1 and screen 0 to 800×600 resolution with the color depth of 24.

If you get error like

Fatal server error:
Couldn't add screen 0

then most probably you have set the color depth to 32bit which never worked for me. You have to set to 16 bit or 24 bit color for the virtual buffer.

To export the display to X11

export DISPLAY=localhost:1.0


If you get errors like while running Xvfb then you install necessary fonts

Could not init font path element unix/:7100, removing from list!
FreeFontPath: FPE "built-ins" refcount is 2, should be 1; fixing.

yum install xorg-x11-fonts*

It should in most cases fix the problem!

To Run a program in the virtual display.

 

 

Use Xvfb. It gives you an X server to doesn't connect to a physical display.

So, on CentOS, you'd do something like yum install xorg-x11-server-Xvfb.

You can then start it up on display :1 with the command /usr/X11R6/bin/Xvfb :1 -screen 0 1024x768x24 &. This will create a screen 1027x768 depth 24 and put the command into the background.

So, the environmental variable you'd specify before launching Firefox would be export DISPLAY=:1, pointing to whatever host is appropriate.

 

DISPLAY=localhost:1.0 firefox

 Xvfb :1 &