Spring+iBatis环境下的单元测试问题

在利用Spring和iBatis做一个应用时，用到了数据库连接池。在Spring配置文件中，jndi配置如下

 

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">

<property name="jndiName"><value>jdbc/mysql</value></property>

<property name="lookupOnStartup" value="false"/>

<property name="cache" value="false"/>

<property name="resourceRef" value="true" />

<property name="proxyInterface" value="javax.sql.DataSource"/>

</bean> 

 

但是在junit进行单元测试时，出现了问题。

org.springframework.jndi.JndiLookupFailureException: JndiObjectTargetSource failed to obtain new target object; nested exception is javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file:  java.naming.factory.initial

Caused by: javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file:  java.naming.factory.initial

at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(Unknown Source)

at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(Unknown Source)

at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(Unknown Source)

at javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(Unknown Source)

at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate$1.doInContext(JndiTemplate.java:123)

at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate.execute(JndiTemplate.java:85)

at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate.lookup(JndiTemplate.java:121)

at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate.lookup(JndiTemplate.java:146)

at org.springframework.jndi.JndiLocatorSupport.lookup(JndiLocatorSupport.java:93)

at org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectLocator.lookup(JndiObjectLocator.java:105)

at org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectTargetSource.getTarget(JndiObjectTargetSource.java:126)

at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:184)

at $Proxy0.getConnection(Unknown Source)

at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager.doBegin(DataSourceTransactionManager.java:200)

at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:350)

at org.springframework.test.AbstractTransactionalSpringContextTests.startNewTransaction(AbstractTransactionalSpringContextTests.java:387)

at org.springframework.test.AbstractTransactionalSpringContextTests.onSetUp(AbstractTransactionalSpringContextTests.java:217)

at org.springframework.test.AbstractSingleSpringContextTests.setUp(AbstractSingleSpringContextTests.java:103)

at junit.framework.TestCase.runBare(TestCase.java:128)

at org.springframework.test.ConditionalTestCase.runBare(ConditionalTestCase.java:76)

at junit.framework.TestResult$1.protect(TestResult.java:106)

at junit.framework.TestResult.runProtected(TestResult.java:124)

at junit.framework.TestResult.run(TestResult.java:109)

at junit.framework.TestCase.run(TestCase.java:120)

at junit.framework.TestSuite.runTest(TestSuite.java:230)

at junit.framework.TestSuite.run(TestSuite.java:225)

at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.junit3.JUnit3TestReference.run(JUnit3TestReference.java:130)

at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)

at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:460)

at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:673)

at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:386)

at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:196)

在junit环境下连接数据源失败，为什么呢，因为jndi是在tomcat下配置的，但是用junit进行单元测试的环境下是独立于tomcat的，不能够与jndi中的数据相连。这种问题有两种解决办法。

一是在进行单元测试时，利用jdbc连接数据库。将Spring配置文件中的dataSource部分改成下面的方式：

 

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">

<property name="driverClassName">

<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>

</property>

<property name="url">

<value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cms</value>

</property>

<property name="username">

<value>root</value>

</property>

<property name="password">

<value>admin</value>

</property>

</bean>

 

二是利用Spring针对单元测试而扩展的功能：

具体参考如连接：http://203.208.37.132/search?q=cache:4TQHNXE6aTQJ:jim19770812.blogspot.com/2009/07/springjndi.html+单元测试+t连接+jndi失败&cd=1&hl=zh-CN&ct=clnk&gl=cn&st_usg=ALhdy2-zZ_vezSRBqGuC621gPYNmE3L2IA

个人认为第一种方法比较方便，只需要在进行单元测试时利用jdbc的方式，在控制层测试时，可以将其再转换到jndi的方式上去。第二种方法通过扩展Spring的功能，相当于在java代码中重新创建了一个dataSource，而不是通过配置文件。