1.个人观点
webservice框架有很多,比如axis、axis2、cxf、xFire等等,做服务端和做客户端都可行,个人感觉使用这些框架的好处是减少了对于接口信息的解析,最主要的是减少了对于传递于网络中XML的解析,代价是你不得不在你的框架中添加对于这些框架的依赖。个人观点是:服务端使用这些框架还行,如果做客户端,没必要使用这些框架,只需使用httpclient即可。
2.需求场景
已经拿到对于接口的描述文件WebServiceFromB.wsdl,需要建立客户端进行调用,WebServiceFromB.wsdl内容如下:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <wsdl:definitions targetNamespace="http://webservices.b.com" xmlns:apachesoap="http://xml.apache.org/xml-soap" xmlns:impl="http://webservices.b.com" xmlns:intf="http://webservices.b.com" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:wsdlsoap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
- <!--WSDL created by Apache Axis version: 1.4
- Built on Apr 22, 2006 (06:55:48 PDT)-->
- <wsdl:types>
- <schema targetNamespace="http://webservices.b.com" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
- <import namespace="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"/>
- <complexType name="OrderRequest">
- <sequence>
- <element name="mobile" nillable="true" type="soapenc:string"/>
- <element name="orderStatus" type="xsd:int"/>
- <element name="productCode" nillable="true" type="soapenc:string"/>
- </sequence>
- </complexType>
- <complexType name="OrderResponse">
- <sequence>
- <element name="status" type="xsd:int"/>
- </sequence>
- </complexType>
- <complexType name="QueryRequest">
- <sequence>
- <element name="endTime" nillable="true" type="xsd:dateTime"/>
- <element name="mobile" nillable="true" type="soapenc:string"/>
- <element name="startTime" nillable="true" type="xsd:dateTime"/>
- </sequence>
- </complexType>
- <complexType name="QueryResponse">
- <sequence>
- <element name="product" nillable="true" type="soapenc:string"/>
- <element name="status" type="xsd:int"/>
- </sequence>
- </complexType>
- </schema>
- </wsdl:types>
- <wsdl:message name="queryRequest">
- <wsdl:part name="in0" type="impl:QueryRequest"/>
- </wsdl:message>
- <wsdl:message name="orderResponse">
- <wsdl:part name="orderReturn" type="impl:OrderResponse"/>
- </wsdl:message>
- <wsdl:message name="queryResponse">
- <wsdl:part name="queryReturn" type="impl:QueryResponse"/>
- </wsdl:message>
- <wsdl:message name="orderRequest">
- <wsdl:part name="in0" type="impl:OrderRequest"/>
- </wsdl:message>
- <wsdl:portType name="WebServiceFromB">
- <wsdl:operation name="order" parameterOrder="in0">
- <wsdl:input message="impl:orderRequest" name="orderRequest"/>
- <wsdl:output message="impl:orderResponse" name="orderResponse"/>
- </wsdl:operation>
- <wsdl:operation name="query" parameterOrder="in0">
- <wsdl:input message="impl:queryRequest" name="queryRequest"/>
- <wsdl:output message="impl:queryResponse" name="queryResponse"/>
- </wsdl:operation>
- </wsdl:portType>
- <wsdl:binding name="WebServiceFromBSoapBinding" type="impl:WebServiceFromB">
- <wsdlsoap:binding style="rpc" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
- <wsdl:operation name="order">
- <wsdlsoap:operation soapAction=""/>
- <wsdl:input name="orderRequest">
- <wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://webservices.b.com" use="encoded"/>
- </wsdl:input>
- <wsdl:output name="orderResponse">
- <wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://webservices.b.com" use="encoded"/>
- </wsdl:output>
- </wsdl:operation>
- <wsdl:operation name="query">
- <wsdlsoap:operation soapAction=""/>
- <wsdl:input name="queryRequest">
- <wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://webservices.b.com" use="encoded"/>
- </wsdl:input>
- <wsdl:output name="queryResponse">
- <wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://webservices.b.com" use="encoded"/>
- </wsdl:output>
- </wsdl:operation>
- </wsdl:binding>
- <wsdl:service name="WebServiceFromBService">
- <wsdl:port binding="impl:WebServiceFromBSoapBinding" name="WebServiceFromB">
- <wsdlsoap:address location="http://localhost:8080/services/WebServiceFromB"/>
- </wsdl:port>
- </wsdl:service>
- </wsdl:definitions>
3.获取调用报文
1.首先得安装soapUI 4.5.2,安装后打开,截图如下:
2.右键点击“Projects”创建工程,截图如下:
3.双击展开左侧创建的工程下所有节点,最后双击“Request 1”节点,在右侧即可拿到soap格式消息,这个就是我们后面作为客户端调用服务端的报文内容,截图如下:
拿到的调用order的soap消息为:
- <soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:web="http://webservices.b.com">
- <soapenv:Header/>
- <soapenv:Body>
- <web:order soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
- <in0 xsi:type="web:OrderRequest">
- <mobile xsi:type="soapenc:string" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">?</mobile>
- <orderStatus xsi:type="xsd:int">?</orderStatus>
- <productCode xsi:type="soapenc:string" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">?</productCode>
- </in0>
- </web:order>
- </soapenv:Body>
- </soapenv:Envelope>
拿到的调用query的soap消息为:
- <soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:web="http://webservices.b.com">
- <soapenv:Header/>
- <soapenv:Body>
- <web:query soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
- <in0 xsi:type="web:QueryRequest">
- <endTime xsi:type="xsd:dateTime">?</endTime>
- <mobile xsi:type="soapenc:string" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">?</mobile>
- <startTime xsi:type="xsd:dateTime">?</startTime>
- </in0>
- </web:query>
- </soapenv:Body>
- </soapenv:Envelope>
4.用httpclient发送soap消息
直接上代码,代码如下:
- import java.nio.charset.Charset;
- import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
- import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
- import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
- import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
- import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
- import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
- import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
- import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
- import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
- public class HttpClientCallSoapUtil {
- static int socketTimeout = 30000;// 请求超时时间
- static int connectTimeout = 30000;// 传输超时时间
- static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(HttpClientCallSoapUtil.class);
- /**
- * 使用SOAP1.1发送消息
- *
- * @param postUrl
- * @param soapXml
- * @param soapAction
- * @return
- */
- public static String doPostSoap1_1(String postUrl, String soapXml,
- String soapAction) {
- String retStr = "";
- // 创建HttpClientBuilder
- HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create();
- // HttpClient
- CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = httpClientBuilder.build();
- HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(postUrl);
- // 设置请求和传输超时时间
- RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
- .setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout)
- .setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).build();
- httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
- try {
- httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
- httpPost.setHeader("SOAPAction", soapAction);
- StringEntity data = new StringEntity(soapXml,
- Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
- httpPost.setEntity(data);
- CloseableHttpResponse response = closeableHttpClient
- .execute(httpPost);
- HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
- if (httpEntity != null) {
- // 打印响应内容
- retStr = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8");
- logger.info("response:" + retStr);
- }
- // 释放资源
- closeableHttpClient.close();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- logger.error("exception in doPostSoap1_1", e);
- }
- return retStr;
- }
- /**
- * 使用SOAP1.2发送消息
- *
- * @param postUrl
- * @param soapXml
- * @param soapAction
- * @return
- */
- public static String doPostSoap1_2(String postUrl, String soapXml,
- String soapAction) {
- String retStr = "";
- // 创建HttpClientBuilder
- HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create();
- // HttpClient
- CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = httpClientBuilder.build();
- HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(postUrl);
- // 设置请求和传输超时时间
- RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
- .setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout)
- .setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).build();
- httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
- try {
- httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type",
- "application/soap+xml;charset=UTF-8");
- httpPost.setHeader("SOAPAction", soapAction);
- StringEntity data = new StringEntity(soapXml,
- Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
- httpPost.setEntity(data);
- CloseableHttpResponse response = closeableHttpClient
- .execute(httpPost);
- HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
- if (httpEntity != null) {
- // 打印响应内容
- retStr = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8");
- logger.info("response:" + retStr);
- }
- // 释放资源
- closeableHttpClient.close();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- logger.error("exception in doPostSoap1_2", e);
- }
- return retStr;
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- String orderSoapXml = "<?xml version = \"1.0\" ?>"
- + "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:web=\"http://webservices.b.com\">"
- + " <soapenv:Header/>"
- + " <soapenv:Body>"
- + " <web:order soapenv:encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">"
- + " <in0 xsi:type=\"web:OrderRequest\">"
- + " <mobile xsi:type=\"soapenc:string\" xmlns:soapenc=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">?</mobile>"
- + " <orderStatus xsi:type=\"xsd:int\">?</orderStatus>"
- + " <productCode xsi:type=\"soapenc:string\" xmlns:soapenc=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">?</productCode>"
- + " </in0>" + " </web:order>"
- + " </soapenv:Body>" + "</soapenv:Envelope>";
- String querySoapXml = "<?xml version = \"1.0\" ?>"
- + "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:web=\"http://webservices.b.com\">"
- + " <soapenv:Header/>"
- + " <soapenv:Body>"
- + " <web:query soapenv:encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">"
- + " <in0 xsi:type=\"web:QueryRequest\">"
- + " <endTime xsi:type=\"xsd:dateTime\">?</endTime>"
- + " <mobile xsi:type=\"soapenc:string\" xmlns:soapenc=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">?</mobile>"
- + " <startTime xsi:type=\"xsd:dateTime\">?</startTime>"
- + " </in0>" + " </web:query>"
- + " </soapenv:Body>" + "</soapenv:Envelope>";
- String postUrl = "http://localhost:8080/services/WebServiceFromB";
- //采用SOAP1.1调用服务端,这种方式能调用服务端为soap1.1和soap1.2的服务
- doPostSoap1_1(postUrl, orderSoapXml, "");
- doPostSoap1_1(postUrl, querySoapXml, "");
- //采用SOAP1.2调用服务端,这种方式只能调用服务端为soap1.2的服务
- //doPostSoap1_2(postUrl, orderSoapXml, "order");
- //doPostSoap1_2(postUrl, querySoapXml, "query");
- }
- }
5.总结
优点:
1.使用httpclient作为客户端调用webservice,不用关注繁琐的webservice框架,只需找到SOAP消息格式,添加httpclient依赖就行。
2.使用httpclient调用webservice,建议采用soap1.1方式调用,经测试使用soap1.1方式能调用soap1.1和soap1.2的服务端。
缺点:
唯一的缺点是,你得自己解析返回的XML,找到你关注的信息内容。
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