转载：JSF中使用Tiles框架

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Tiles框架

JSF 框架 Java JSP SUN

from : http://www.iteye.com/topic/220133

共有如下几个步骤：

1）首先在web.xml文件中配置TilesServlet，并加入一个Tiles Filter的filter类，这个类用于跳转页面。

Xml代码
<

filter>  
  <filter-name>Tiles Filter</filter-name>  
  <filter-class>net.geo.web.TilesFilter</filter-class>  
  <init-param>  
   <param-name>definitions-config</param-name>  
   <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/META-INF/tiles/tiles-defs.xml</param-value>  
  </init-param>  
 </filter>  
 <filter-mapping>  
  <filter-name>Tiles Filter</filter-name>  
  <url-pattern>*.tiles</url-pattern>  
 </filter-mapping>  
  
<servlet>  
        <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>  
            org.apache.myfaces.webapp.MyFacesServlet   
        </servlet-class>  
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
    </servlet>  
  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>*.jsf</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>  
  
    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>Tiles Servelt</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>  
            org.apache.struts.tiles.TilesServlet   
        </servlet-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>definitions-config</param-name>  
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/META-INF/tiles/tiles-defs.xml</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>definitions-parser-validate</param-name>  
            <param-value>true</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
        <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>  
    </servlet>

注意：这里Tiles Servelt的启动顺序（即load-on-startup）必须在Faces Servlet的后面。

2）配置tiles文件

这里是一个配置实例：

Xml代码

<!DOCTYPE tiles-definitions PUBLIC   
 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Tiles Configuration//EN"   
 "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/tiles-config.dtd">  
  
<tiles-definitions>  
    <definition name="mainlayout" page="/tiles_layout/layout.jsp">  
        <put name="header" value="/tiles_layout/header.jsp"></put>  
        <put name="footer" value="/tiles_layout/footer.jsp"></put>  
    </definition>  
  
    <definition name="/jsfpro/account/register" extends="mainlayout">  
        <put name="title" value="to_register" type="string"></put>  
        <put name="content" value="/account/register.jsp"></put>  
    </definition>  
       
    <definition name="/jsfpro/account/userlist" extends="mainlayout">  
        <put name="title" value="userlist" type="string"></put>  
        <put name="content" value="/account/userlist.jsp"></put>  
    </definition>  
</tiles-definitions>  

<!DOCTYPE tiles-definitions PUBLIC
 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Tiles Configuration//EN"
 "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/tiles-config.dtd">

<tiles-definitions>
	<definition name="mainlayout" page="/tiles_layout/layout.jsp">
		<put name="header" value="/tiles_layout/header.jsp"></put>
		<put name="footer" value="/tiles_layout/footer.jsp"></put>
	</definition>

	<definition name="/jsfpro/account/register" extends="mainlayout">
		<put name="title" value="to_register" type="string"></put>
		<put name="content" value="/account/register.jsp"></put>
	</definition>
	
	<definition name="/jsfpro/account/userlist" extends="mainlayout">
		<put name="title" value="userlist" type="string"></put>
		<put name="content" value="/account/userlist.jsp"></put>
	</definition>
</tiles-definitions>

注意：这里的其中的一个name="content"的put元素的valuet就是实际的内容页面的相对地址。

header.jsp、footer.jsp这些页面都可以是jsf标签的页面，但是，不能每个都用上<f:view>的标签，建议是在layout.jsp使用此标签，里面的分页都使用<f:subview id="xxx">标签。因为整个模板页就是通过jsf的方式来访问的，每个jsf页面只能有一个f:view。

3）主要的JSP页面

(1) /tiles_layout/layout.jsp

这个是布局页面，即页面的整体模板。

Html代码

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f"%>  
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  
<html>  
<head>  
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  
<title><tiles:insert name="title" /></title>  
</head>  
<f:view>  
<body>  
<tiles:insert attribute="header" flush="false"></tiles:insert>  
<tiles:insert attribute="content" flush="false"></tiles:insert>  
<tiles:insert attribute="footer" flush="false"></tiles:insert>  
</body>  
</f:view>  
</html>  

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title><tiles:insert name="title" /></title>
</head>
<f:view>
<body>
<tiles:insert attribute="header" flush="false"></tiles:insert>
<tiles:insert attribute="content" flush="false"></tiles:insert>
<tiles:insert attribute="footer" flush="false"></tiles:insert>
</body>
</f:view>
</html>

(2) /tiles_layout/pageloader.jsp

这个是用于实际加载layout页面的页面，这个就是用来代替所有的需要为jsf页面重新定义tiles页面。

Html代码

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"  
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles"%>  
<tiles:insert definition="<%=(String)request.getAttribute("tiles-definition-page") %>"></tiles:insert>  

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
	pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles"%>
<tiles:insert definition="<%=(String)request.getAttribute("tiles-definition-page") %>"></tiles:insert>

<%=(String)request.getAttribute("tiles-definition-page") %>这里会在运行时传入实际需要的tiles页面

(3) /tiles_layout/header.jsp

Html代码

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"  
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt" prefix="c"%>  
<f:subview id="header">  
<div><h1>This is a header.</h1></div>  
</f:subview>  

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
	pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt" prefix="c"%>
<f:subview id="header">
<div><h1>This is a header.</h1></div>
</f:subview>

(4) /tiles_layout/footer.jsp

Html代码

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"  
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt" prefix="c"%>  
<f:subview id="footer">  
<div><h1>This is a footer.</h1></div>  
</f:subview>  

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
	pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt" prefix="c"%>
<f:subview id="footer">
<div><h1>This is a footer.</h1></div>
</f:subview>

(5)/jsfpro/account/register.jsp

这个是实际的内容页，这里是一个实例，注册页

Html代码

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"  
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt" prefix="c"%>  
  
<f:subview id="content">  
    请填写用户名和密码：<br>  
    <h:form id="form" onsubmit="this.action='/jsfpro/account/userlist.tiles';return true;">  
        <h:inputText id="username" value="#{account.username}" />  
        <h:inputSecret id="password" value="#{account.password}" />  
        <h:commandButton action="#{accountMB.register}" value="注册"/>  
    </h:form>  
</f:subview>  

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
	pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt" prefix="c"%>


<f:subview id="content">
	请填写用户名和密码：<br>
	<h:form id="form" onsubmit="this.action='/jsfpro/account/userlist.tiles';return true;">
		<h:inputText id="username" value="#{account.username}" />
		<h:inputSecret id="password" value="#{account.password}" />
		<h:commandButton action="#{accountMB.register}" value="注册"/>
	</h:form>
</f:subview>

这里有一个设置是很有趣的：<h:form id="form" onsubmit="this.action='/jsfpro/account/userlist.tiles';return true;">

(6) /jsfpro/account/userlist.jsp

用户列表页

Html代码

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"  
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt" prefix="c"%>  
  
<style>  
.thead1 {   
    color: red;   
    text-align: center;   
}   
  
.thead2 {   
    color: blue;   
    text-align: center;   
}   
  
</style>  
  
<f:view>  
    <h:dataTable width="100%" id="datalist" var="item" value="#{accountMB.list}" cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="5" columnClasses="#{account.columnClasses}">  
        <h:column>  
            <f:facet name="header">  
                <h:outputText value="用户名" />  
            </f:facet>  
            <h:outputText value="#{item.username}" />  
        </h:column>  
        <h:column>  
            <f:facet name="header">  
                <h:outputText value="密码" />  
            </f:facet>  
            <h:outputText value="#{item.password}" />  
        </h:column>  
    </h:dataTable>  
</f:view>

4）faces-config.xml的配置

Xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<faces-config xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-facesconfig_1_2.xsd"  
    version="1.2">  
  
    <managed-bean>  
        <managed-bean-name>accountMB</managed-bean-name>  
        <managed-bean-class>  
            net.geo.mbean.AccountManagedBean   
        </managed-bean-class>  
        <managed-bean-scope>session</managed-bean-scope>  
    </managed-bean>  
  
  
<managed-bean>  
   <managed-bean-name>account</managed-bean-name>  
   <managed-bean-class>net.geo.vo.Account</managed-bean-class>  
   <managed-bean-scope>request</managed-bean-scope>  
  </managed-bean>  
  
    <navigation-rule>  
        <from-view-id>/jsfpro/account/register.jsp</from-view-id>  
        <navigation-case>  
            <from-outcome>userlist</from-outcome>  
            <to-view-id>/jsfpro/account/userlist.tiles</to-view-id>  
        </navigation-case>  
    </navigation-rule>  
</faces-config>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<faces-config xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-facesconfig_1_2.xsd"
	version="1.2">

	<managed-bean>
		<managed-bean-name>accountMB</managed-bean-name>
		<managed-bean-class>
			net.geo.mbean.AccountManagedBean
		</managed-bean-class>
		<managed-bean-scope>session</managed-bean-scope>
	</managed-bean>


<managed-bean>
   <managed-bean-name>account</managed-bean-name>
   <managed-bean-class>net.geo.vo.Account</managed-bean-class>
   <managed-bean-scope>request</managed-bean-scope>
  </managed-bean>

	<navigation-rule>
		<from-view-id>/jsfpro/account/register.jsp</from-view-id>
		<navigation-case>
			<from-outcome>userlist</from-outcome>
			<to-view-id>/jsfpro/account/userlist.tiles</to-view-id>
		</navigation-case>
	</navigation-rule>
</faces-config><to-view-id>/jsfpro/account/userlist.tiles</to-view-id>

这里设置的是.tiles是从注册页跳转到用户列表页，而用户列表页也是使用了layout.jsp这个页面模板，所有是.tiles后缀（.tiles在web.xml里面设置了，是用于请求模板形式的jsf页面）。

上面有
<h:form id="form" onsubmit="this.action='/jsfpro/account/userlist.tiles';return true;">，这个是因为使用了动态的pageloader.jsp页面后jsf框架都会将url最终转向pageloader.jsf，这样的话就相当于<from-view-id>/jsfpro/account/register.jsp</from-view-id>要改成<from-view-id>/tiles_layout/pageloader.jsp</from-view-id>，也就是所有的入口都是这个页面，这样的局限性有些大，有的时候可能需要为某个入口页做单独的navigation设置，就如上面的一样，而为了要达到这个目的，最简单的方法就是直接修改提交的form的action，让url变成你需要的那个jsf入口页的url地址。

5）TilesFilter类

Java代码

package net.geo.web;   
  
import java.io.FileInputStream;   
import java.io.IOException;   
import java.util.HashSet;   
import java.util.List;   
import java.util.Set;   
  
import javax.servlet.Filter;   
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;   
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;   
import javax.servlet.ServletException;   
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;   
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;   
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;   
  
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;   
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;   
import org.dom4j.Attribute;   
import org.dom4j.Document;   
import org.dom4j.Element;   
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;   
  
public class TilesFilter implements Filter {   
    private final static Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(TilesFilter.class);   
    private final static Set<String> uriSet = new HashSet<String>();   
  
    @Override  
    public void destroy() {   
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub   
  
    }   
  
    @Override  
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res,   
            FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {   
        if (req instanceof HttpServletRequest) {   
            HttpServletRequest hreq = (HttpServletRequest) req;   
            String uri = hreq.getRequestURI().replace(".tiles", "");   
            // 如果请求的uri（去掉.tiles的后缀之后）是包含在set中，   
            // 那么就转发到pageloader.jsp页面，必须以jsf的形式请求   
            if (uriSet.contains(uri)) {   
                hreq.setAttribute("tiles-definition-page", uri);   
                hreq.getRequestDispatcher().forward(hreq, res, "/tiles_layout/pageloader.jsf");   
                return;   
            }   
        }   
        chain.doFilter(req, res);   
    }   
  
       
    /**  
     * 初始化filter类，主要是解析定义了的tiles文件，  
     * 将<definition name="/jsfpro/account/register" extends="mainlayout">中的name属性的值拿出来，  
     * 作为跳转的判断，放入set中  
     */  
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")   
    @Override  
    public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {   
        String[] files = null;   
        try {   
            files = config.getInitParameter("definitions-config")   
                    .split("\\s|,");   
        } catch (Exception e) {   
            throw new ServletException(   
                    "the parameter definitions-config is not correct.", e);   
        }   
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();   
        Document doc = null;   
        List<Element> elList = null;   
        List<Attribute> attList = null;   
        try {   
            for (String path : files) {   
                doc = reader.read(new FileInputStream(AppConfigUtil.WEBROOT   
                        + path));   
                elList = doc.getRootElement().elements();   
                if (elList != null) {   
                    for (Element el : elList) {   
                        attList = el.attributes();   
                        if (attList != null) {   
                            for (Attribute att : attList) {   
                                if (att.getName().equals("name")) {   
                                    uriSet.add(att.getValue());   
                                }   
                            }   
                        }   
                    }   
                }   
            }   
            logger.info("TilesFilter init finished....");   
        } catch (Exception e) {   
            throw new ServletException(   
                    "Can not parse the tiles-defs.xml file.", e);   
        }   
    }   
  
}

6）Account业务类

Java代码

package net.geo.mbean;   
  
import java.util.Collection;   
  
import net.geo.vo.Account;   
  
public class AccountManagedBean extends BaseManagedBean {   
       
    public String register() {   
        Account user = super.findBean(Account.class);   
        facade.save(user);   
        super.setRequestAttribute("myaccount", user);   
        // 这里的returnTo方法的第一个参数是返回给jsf进行跳转的字符串   
        // 第2个参数是将相应要跳转的页面放置到request中，   
        // 因为跳转的pageloader.jsp是动态的获取实际访问页面的参数的，   
        // 所以在跳转之前必须指定。   
        // 如果是返回当前页则不需设定。   
        return returnTo("userlist", "/jsfpro/account/userlist");   
    }   
       
    public Collection<Account> getList() {   
        return facade.queryList(-1, -1);   
    }   
  
  
    /*  
     * 以下是用到的相关的父类方法，贴出来供查看  
     */    
    protected HttpServletRequest getRequest() {   
          return (HttpServletRequest) FacesContext.getCurrentInstance()   
                .getExternalContext().getRequest();   
   }   
       
    protected void setRequestAttribute(String attrName, Object obj) {   
          getRequest().setAttribute(attrName, obj);   
   }   
  
       
    protected String returnTo(String outcome, String turnToUrl) {   
        // 这里的参数名tiles-defenition-page就是在pageloader.jsp页面中   
        // 指定要跳转的实际页面的参数名   
          setRequestAttribute("tiles-defenition-page", turnToUrl);   
        return outcome;   
   }   
}

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