centos7下每天自动备份mysql数据库

centos7下每天自动备份mysql数据库

1、新建备份脚本

vim /home/mysqlbak/mysql_bak.sh填入以下内容：

#!/bin/bash
mysql_user="USER" #MySQL备份用户
mysql_password="PASSWORD" #MySQL备份用户的密码
mysql_host="localhost"
mysql_port="3306"
mysql_charset="utf8" #MySQL编码
backup_db_arr=("db1" "db2") #要备份的数据库名称，多个用空格分开隔开 如("db1" "db2" "db3")
backup_location=/home/mysqlbak  #备份数据存放位置，末尾请不要带"/",此项可以保持默认，程序会自动创建文件夹
expire_backup_delete="ON" #是否开启过期备份删除 ON为开启 OFF为关闭
expire_days=5 #过期时间天数 默认为五天，此项只有在expire_backup_delete开启时有效
backup_time=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`  #定义备份详细时间
backup_Ymd=`date +%Y-%m-%d` #定义备份目录中的年月日时间
backup_3ago=`date -d '3 days ago' +%Y-%m-%d` #3天之前的日期
backup_dir=$backup_location/$backup_Ymd  #备份文件夹全路径
welcome_msg="Welcome to use MySQL backup tools!" #欢迎语
mysql_ps=`ps -ef |grep mysql |wc -l`
mysql_listen=`netstat -an |grep LISTEN |grep $mysql_port|wc -l`
if [ [$mysql_ps == 0] -o [$mysql_listen == 0] ]; then
        echo "ERROR:MySQL is not running! backup stop!"
        exit
else
        echo $welcome_msg
fi
mysql -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password <<end
use mysql;
select host,user from user where user='root' and host='localhost';
exit
end
flag=`echo $?`
if [ $flag != "0" ]; then
        echo "ERROR:Can't connect mysql server! backup stop!"
        exit
else
        echo "MySQL connect ok! Please wait......"
        # 判断有没有定义备份的数据库，如果定义则开始备份，否则退出备份
        if [ "$backup_db_arr" != "" ];then
                #dbnames=$(cut -d ',' -f1-5 $backup_database)
                #echo "arr is (${backup_db_arr[@]})"
                for dbname in ${backup_db_arr[@]}
                do
                        echo "database $dbname backup start..."
                        `mkdir -p $backup_dir`
                        `mysqldump -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password $dbname --default-character-set=$mysql_charset | gzip > $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz`
                        flag=`echo $?`
                        if [ $flag == "0" ];then
                                echo "database $dbname success backup to $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz"
                        else
                                echo "database $dbname backup fail!"
                        fi
                done
        else
                echo "ERROR:No database to backup! backup stop"
                exit
        fi
        # 如果开启了删除过期备份，则进行删除操作
        if [ "$expire_backup_delete" == "ON" -a  "$backup_location" != "" ];then
                 #`find $backup_location/ -type d -o -type f -ctime +$expire_days -exec rm -rf {} \;`
                 `find $backup_location/ -type d -mtime +$expire_days | xargs rm -rf`
                 echo "Expired backup data delete complete!"
        fi
        echo "All database backup success! Thank you!"
        exit
fi

2、修改mysql_bak.sh脚本属性，赋予执行权限

chmod 600 /home/mysqlbak/mysql_bak.sh
chmod +x /home/mysqlbak/mysql_bak.sh

3、定时执行备份脚本

输入如下命令：

crontab -e

在页面中编写如下内容：

00 3 * * * /home/mysqlbak/mysql_bak.sh

可实现每天凌晨三点自动执行第一步编写的脚本，备份mysql数据库到/home/mysqlbak，且只保留最近5天的数据库备份。

启动定时任务：

/bin/systemctl start crond.service

列出用户的定时任务列表：crontab -l

备份的文件怎么查看：
zcat +日志名.gz来查看，还可以用 | grep 来进行筛选自己想要的日志信息