Python 学习系列（三）

这篇文章主要学习Python 3.1中的条件和循环语句，同时，对一些基本的内建函数作些介绍,下面是我做的一个sample:

'''
Created on 2010-4-1

@author: Jamson Huang
'''
import sys
#Control 语句=>If/While/for
if __name__ == '__main__':
    #IF语句
    #对于else语句来说，不仅仅只有if可以与之结合,while/for都可以与之结合使用    
    a = 5
    count = 0
    tempStr = ['homework','something', 'python','jamson']
    tempZip = ['Children', 'do', 'Male', 'user']
    myDicts = {('China','Hubei'):('yourName','Jamson')}
    tempTable = {'china':86,'singpore':65}
    globalStr = 'python is loved language!'
    if a < 3:
        print('a is less than 3!')
    elif a < 5 :
        print('a is less than 5!') 
    else:
        print('a is large than or equal with 5!')
    user = ''
    if user == tempStr[0]:
        print('user:%s' %user)
    elif user == tempStr[1]:
        print('user:%s' %user)
    else:
        user = tempStr[2]
        print('user:%s' %user)
    #=>
    if user in tempStr:
        print('user:%s' %user)
    else:
        print('invalid string!')
    #while
    while count < 4:
        print('count is %d' %count)
        count +=1
    
    #for
    for str in ['homework','something', 'python']:
        print('str:%s ' %str) 
    #pay attention to function range() and len()    
    for i in range(4):
        print('i:%d ' %i)
    
    for i in range(len(tempStr)):
        print(tempStr[i],' i:(%s)' %i)
    for value in range(2, 23, 3):
        print('value:%i ' %value)
    for value in range(2,5):
        print('value:%i ' %value)
    #enumerate()/reversed() function,return iterator
    for i, eachItem in  enumerate(tempStr):
        print('%d %s Item ' %(i+1, eachItem))
    for i in reversed(tempStr):
        print("reversed(): %s" %i)
    #sorted()/Zip() function,return table  
    for j in sorted(tempStr):
        print('sorted(): %s' %j) 
    
    for j, k in zip(tempStr,tempZip):
        print('zip(): %s %s' %(j, k))
    #continue/break
    #break会跳出整个循环，而continue是会跳出本次循环，并且不执行后面的程序。    
    def whileFunc(i, j, k):
        while True:
            i += 1
            if i == 3:
              print('break i:', i)
              break
            else:
              print('continue j:', j)
              continue
            j += 1
        else:
            k += 1
            print('k: %d ' %k)
    #call parameter function   
    whileFunc(0,0,0)
    #pass function:be used in debug process
    #当调试的时候，确信某一个部分功能无误的情况，可以用pass函数
    def passFunc():
        iPass = 0
        if iPass == 2:
            pass
        else:
            iPass += 1
            print('passFunc(): %d ' %iPass)
    #call no paramter function passFunc    
    passFunc()
    
    #iter() function/itertools module/any(),all() function   
    #seqence use    
    print(help('next'))
    def iterSeqFunc():
        myIter = iter(tempStr)
        while True:
            try:
                print(next(myIter))
            except StopIteration:
                print('StopIteration:', sys.stderr)
                break
            finally:
                print('iterSeqFunc() finally')
    iterSeqFunc()
    #dictionary use
    def iterDictFunc():
        print(myDicts.items())
        for eachDict in myDicts.keys():
#    for eachDict in myDicts:            
            print('Country:%s\tProvince:%s\t' %eachDict)
            print('Name:%s\t %s' %myDicts[eachDict])
#            if myDicts.values() == 'Jamson':
        print('values: %s' %myDicts.values())    
    iterDictFunc()
    #File use write()/close()/read()/writelines()
    #pay attention to close and writelines function    
    #List comps 列表解析
#    print(help('split'))
    print('sys.stdout:', sys.stdout)
    print('sys.stdin:', sys.stdin)
    def iterFileFunc():
        myFile = open('C:/python/mylog.txt','r').read()
        for eachLine in myFile:
            print('eachLine:%s ' %eachLine)
#        myFile.close()
    
    iterFileFunc()
#    生成器表达式

run Python，Console输出的结果如下:

a is large than or equal with 5!
user:python
user:python
count is 0
count is 1
count is 2
count is 3
str:homework 
str:something 
str:python 
i:0 
i:1 
i:2 
i:3 
homework  i:(0)
something  i:(1)
python  i:(2)
jamson  i:(3)
value:2 
value:5 
value:8 
value:11 
value:14 
value:17 
value:20 
value:2 
value:3 
value:4 
1 homework Item 
2 something Item 
3 python Item 
4 jamson Item 
reversed(): jamson
reversed(): python
reversed(): something
reversed(): homework
sorted(): homework
sorted(): jamson
sorted(): python
sorted(): something
zip(): homework Children
zip(): something do
zip(): python Male
zip(): jamson user
continue j: 0
continue j: 0
break i: 3
passFunc(): 1 
Help on built-in function next in module builtins:

next(...)
    next(iterator[, default])
    
    Return the next item from the iterator. If default is given and the iterator
    is exhausted, it is returned instead of raising StopIteration.

None
homework
iterSeqFunc() finally
something
iterSeqFunc() finally
python
iterSeqFunc() finally
jamson
iterSeqFunc() finally
StopIteration: <_io.TextIOWrapper name='<stderr>' encoding='UTF-8'>
iterSeqFunc() finally
dict_items([(('China', 'Hubei'), ('yourName', 'Jamson'))])
Country:China	Province:Hubei	
Name:yourName	 Jamson
values: dict_values([('yourName', 'Jamson')])
sys.stdout: <_io.TextIOWrapper name='<stdout>' encoding='UTF-8'>
sys.stdin: <_io.TextIOWrapper name='<stdin>' encoding='UTF-8'>
eachLine:I 
eachLine:f 
eachLine:  
eachLine:y 
eachLine:o 
eachLine:u 
eachLine:  
eachLine:d 
eachLine:o 
eachLine:  
eachLine:m 
eachLine:u 
eachLine:c 
eachLine:h 
eachLine:  
eachLine:w 
eachLine:o 
eachLine:r 
eachLine:k 
eachLine:  
eachLine:o 
eachLine:n 
eachLine:  
eachLine:c 
eachLine:o 
eachLine:m 
eachLine:p 
eachLine:u 
eachLine:t 
eachLine:e 
eachLine:r 
eachLine:s 
eachLine:, 
eachLine:  
eachLine:e 
eachLine:v 
eachLine:e 
eachLine:n 
eachLine:t 
eachLine:u 
eachLine:a 
eachLine:l 
eachLine:l 
eachLine:y 
eachLine:  
eachLine:y 
eachLine:o 
eachLine:u 
eachLine:  
eachLine:f 
eachLine:i 
eachLine:n 
eachLine:d 
eachLine:  
eachLine:t 
eachLine:h 
eachLine:a 
eachLine:t 
eachLine:  
eachLine:t 
eachLine:h 
eachLine:e 
eachLine:r 
eachLine:e 
eachLine:’ 
eachLine:
 
eachLine:s 
eachLine:  
eachLine:s 
eachLine:o 
eachLine:m 
eachLine:e 
eachLine:  
eachLine:t 
eachLine:a 
eachLine:s 
eachLine:k 
eachLine:  
eachLine:y 
eachLine:o 
eachLine:u 
eachLine:’ 
eachLine:d 
eachLine:  
eachLine:l 
eachLine:i 
eachLine:k 
eachLine:e 
eachLine:  
eachLine:t 
eachLine:o 
eachLine:  
eachLine:a 
eachLine:u 
eachLine:t 
eachLine:o 
eachLine:m 
eachLine:a 
eachLine:t 
eachLine:e 
eachLine:. 
eachLine:  
eachLine:F 
eachLine:o 
eachLine:r 
eachLine:  
eachLine:e 
eachLine:x 
eachLine:a 
eachLine:m 
eachLine:p 
eachLine:l 
eachLine:e 
eachLine:, 
eachLine:  
eachLine:y 
eachLine:o 
eachLine:u 
eachLine:  
eachLine:m 
eachLine:a 
eachLine:y 
eachLine:  
eachLine:w 
eachLine:i 
eachLine:s 
eachLine:h 
eachLine:.