Restful例子

如果你要做rails restful的工作，建议先看看管网的

http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActionController/Resources.html

1. 安裝 Ruby on Rails 基本環境 (windows)

1. 下載安裝 1-Click Rails Installer
2. 下載安裝 E-TextEditor ，安裝過程會出現錯誤，按下略過即可。啟動時會問你使否安裝 cygwin，請點手動不要安裝。
3. 啟動 -> cmd -> cd \
4. rails my_event
5. cd my_event
6. ruby script/server
7. 開啟瀏覽器 http://localhost:3000 ，將會看到 Rails 的預設首頁

2. 建立一個 non-RESTful 的 Hello World! Rails Project

1. ruby script/generate controller welcome
2. 編輯 /app/controllers/welcome_controller.rb，加入

   		def say
   		 render :text => "Hello world!"
   		end
   	

3. 瀏覽 http://localhost:3000/welcome/say，將看到 Hello world!
4. 編輯 /app/controllers/welcome_controller.rb，加入

   		def index
   		end
   	

5. 新增 /app/views/welcome/index.html.erb，內容是

   		<p>Hola!</p>
   		<p><%= link_to 'hello world', :controller => 'welcome', :action => 'say' %><p>
   	

6. 修改 /config/route.rb 加上 map.root :controller => "welcome"
7. 刪除 /public/index.html
8. 瀏覽 http://localhost:3000/welcome/say，將看到 Hola! 及 hello 超連結。

3. 實做一個 non-RESTful 的 CRUD

1. ruby script/generate model event name:string description:text
2. rake db:migrate
3. ruby script/generate controller events
4. 編輯 /app/controllers/events_controller.rb 加入

     def index
       @events = Event.find(:all)
     end
   
     def show
       @event = Event.find(params[:id])
     end
     
     def new
       @event = Event.new
     end
     
     def create
       @event = Event.new(params[:event])
       @event.save
       
       redirect_to :action => :index
     end
     
     def edit
       @event = Event.find(params[:id])
     end
     
     def update
       @event = Event.find(params[:id])
       @event.update_attributes(params[:event])
       
       redirect_to :action => :show, :id => @event
     end
     
     def destroy
       @event = Event.find(params[:id])
       @event.destroy
       
       redirect_to :action => :index
     end
   		

5. 新增 /app/views/events/index.html.erb，內容如下:

   <ul>
   <% @events.each do |event| %>
     <li>
       <%= link_to event.name, :controller => 'events', :action => 'show', :id => event %>
       <%= link_to 'edit', :controller => 'events', :action => 'edit', :id => event %>
       <%= link_to 'delete', :controller => 'events', :action => 'destroy', :id => event %>
     </li>
   <% end -%>
   </ul>
   <%= link_to 'new event', :controller => 'events', :action => 'new' %>
   	

6. 新增 /app/views/events/show.html.erb，內容如下:

   <%=h @event.name %>
   <%=h @event.description %>
   
   <p><%= link_to 'back to index', :controller => 'events', :action => 'index' %></p>
   		

7. 新增 /app/views/events/new.html.erb，內容如下:

   <% form_for @event, :url => { :controller => 'events', :action => 'create' } do |f| %>
       <%= f.label :name, "Name" %>
       <%= f.text_field :name %>
       
       <%= f.label :description, "Description" %>
       <%= f.text_area :description %>
       
       <%= f.submit "Create" %>
   <% end %>
   		

8. 新增 /app/views/events/edit.html.erb，內容如下:

   <% form_for @event, :url => { :controller => 'events', :action => 'update', :id => @event } do |f| %>
       <%= f.label :name, "Name" %>
       <%= f.text_field :name %>
       
       <%= f.label :description, "Description" %>
       <%= f.text_area :description %>
       
       <%= f.submit "Update" %>
   <% end %>
   		

9. 連往 http://localhost:3000/events

4. 修改成一個 RESTful 版本的 CRUD

編輯 /config/routes.rb，加入

map.resources :events
	

編輯 /app/views/events/index.html.erb，內容如下：

<% @events.each do |event| %> <li> <%= link_to event.name, event_path(event) %> <%= link_to 'edit', edit_event_path(event) %> <%= link_to 'delete', event_path(event), :method => :delete %> <% end -%> </ul> <%= link_to 'new event', new_event_path %>

編輯 /app/views/events/show.html.erb，內容如下：

<%=h @event.name %>
<%=h @event.description %>

<p><%= link_to 'back to index', events_path %>
 

編輯 /app/views/events/new.html.erb，內容如下：

<% form_for @event, :url => events_path do |f| %>
    <%= f.label :name, "Name" %>
    <%= f.text_field :name %>
    
    <%= f.label :description, "Description" %>
    <%= f.text_area :description %>
    
    <%= f.submit "Create" %>
<% end %>

編輯 /app/views/events/edit.html.erb，內容如下：

<% form_for @event, :url => event_path(@event), :html => { :method => :put } do |f| %>
    <%= f.label :name, "Name" %>
    <%= f.text_field :name %>
    
    <%= f.label :description, "Description" %>
    <%= f.text_area :description %>
    
    <%= f.submit "Update" %>
<% end %>

5. 使用 RESTful 版的 Scaffold

1. ruby script/generate scaffold person name:string bio:text birthday:datetime
2. rake db:migrate
3. Ctrl+C 關閉 Server，重新啟動 script/server
4. 瀏覽 http://localhost:3000/people 並操作 CRUD

6. Ajax 實做練習1 (傳回HTML更新)

1. 新增 /app/views/layout/application.html.erb，內容如下

   <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
          "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
   
   <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
   <head>
     <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" />
     <%= javascript_include_tag :defaults %>
   </head>
   <body>
   
   <%= yield  %>
   
   </body>
   </html>
   	

2. 編輯 /app/views/welcome/index.html.erb，加入

   	  
   <p><%= link_to_remote 'Ajax hello', :url => { :controller => 'welcome', :action => 'say' }, :update => 'foobar' %></p>
   
   
   <div id="foobar">
   </div>
   

3. 瀏覽http://localhost:3000

7. Ajax 實做練習2 (使用RJS)

• 編輯 /app/views/events/index.html.erb，在迴圈中間和文件最後加入

  <%= link_to_remote 'ajax show', :url => event_path(event), :method => :get %>
  

  	
  <div id="content">
  </div>
  	

• 編輯 /app/controllers/events_controller.rb，在 show action 中加入

      respond_to do |format|
        format.html
        format.js
      end	
  	

• 新增 /app/views/events/_event.html.erb，內容與 show.html.erb 相同
• 新增 /app/views/events/show.js.rjs，內容如下

  page.replace_html 'content', :partial =>'event'
  page.visual_effect :highlight, 'content'
  	

• 瀏覽http://localhost:3000/events

8. 使用者註冊登入 Generator 產生器

• 下載 http://github.com/technoweenie/restful-authentication 到 /vendor/plugins/，命名為 restful-authentication
• 執行 ruby script/generate authenticated user sessions --old-passwords
• rake db:migrate
• Ctrl+C 關閉 Server，重新啟動 script/server
• 連往 http://localhost:3000/users/new 註冊頁面
• 編輯 /app/controllers/application.rb，加入

  include AuthenticatedSystem  
  

• 編輯 /app/views/layout/application.html.erb，加入

  <%= render :partial => "users/user_bar" %>
  

• 編輯 /app/controllers/events_controller.rb，加入

  before_filter :login_required	
  

• 點選 Log out，再連往 http://localhost:3000/events/ 將導到登入頁面

9. 分頁 Plugin

• 下載 http://github.com/mislav/will_paginate 到 /vendor/plugins/，命名為 will_paginate
• 修改 /app/controllers/events_controller.rb 的 index action 如下

  def index
   @events = Event.paginate(:page => params[:page], :per_page => 3, :order => "id DESC")
  end
  

• 編輯 /app/views/events/index.html.erb，加入

  <%= will_paginate @events %>
  

• 連往 http://localhost:3000/events/