wordpress数据库描述<转>

 

由于WordPress自己与数据库接口，作为终端用户，不必过分担心它的结构。而如果你是在编写插件，你也许会对学习如何直接与数据库接口感兴趣。WordPress提供了wpdb类简化了这一过程。

数据库图表

下面的图表提供了一个图形化的WordPress数据库概览，以及在WordPress（WordPress2.5+）标准安装过程中创建的表之间的关系。以下的数据表概览包含了表和列的额外详细说明。

 请注意，在wp的标准安装过程中表之间的完整性不是强制性的，比如文章和评论之间。如果你正在创建操作数据库的插件或扩展，你的代码应该做些清理工作，以便没有无用的记录留在表里。比如当外键被删除时，使用一个SQL命令集来删除其它表中的数据(不要忘记提醒用户，在进行此类操作前进行备份)。

表概述

这一节是在wp标准安装过程中创建的所有数据表的概述。详细内容在以下各表中。

表名描述WordPress用户界面相关区域wp_commentswp_linkswp_optionswp_postmetawp_postswp_termswp_term_relationshipswp_term_taxonomywp_usermetawp_users

wp2.8数据表(10)
WordPress中的评论 存储在wp_comments表中	评论是由读者创建的作为对文章的回应。评论由管理员管理，通过管理 > 评论 > 评论
wp_links 保存包含在WordPress Linksfeature部分的链接的相关信息。	管理 > 链接 > 添加 管理 > 链接 > 编辑
管理 > 设置面板下的选项存储在wp_options表里。	管理 > 设置 > 常规 管理 > 设置 > 撰写 管理 > 设置 > 阅读 管理 > 设置 > 讨论 管理 > 设置 > 隐私 管理 > 设置 > 固定链接 管理 > 设置 > 杂项 管理 > 外观 > 小工具
每篇文章的特性信息被称为元数据，它存储在wp_postmeta. 有些插件可能会添加他们自己的信息到这个表里.	管理 > 文章 > 添加 管理 > 页面 > 添加
数据的核心是文章，它存储在wp_posts表.	管理 > 文章 > 添加 管理 > 文章 > 编辑 管理 > 页面 > 添加 管理 > 页面 > 编辑 管理 > 媒体 > 添加 管理 > 媒体 > 媒体库
文章和链接分类以及文章的tag分类可以在wp_terms表里找到.	管理 > 文章 > Tags 管理 > 文章 > 分类 管理 > 链接 > 链接分类 管理 > 文章 > 添加 管理 > 文章 > 编辑 管理 > 文章 > 添加 管理 > 文章 > 编辑
与文章有关的分类、来自wp_terms表的tags以及这一关联存在于wp_term_relationships表里. 链接与各自分类的联系也存储于这张表中.
这张表描述了wp_terms表中每个条目的分类系统 (分类,链接,或tag).
每个用户的特性信息称为元数据,它存储在wp_usermeta.	管理 > 用户
用户列表存在于wp_users表.	管理 > 用户

表详细资料

以下是在wp标准安装过程中创建的数据表每个字段的详细信息。

Table: wp_commentmeta

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

meta_id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI	NULL	auto_increment
comment_id	bigint(20) unsigned		IND	0	FK->wp_comments.comment_id
meta_key	varchar(255)	YES	IND	NULL
meta_value	longtext	YES		NULL

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	0	meta_ID
comment_id	INDEX	none	comment_id
meta_key	INDEX	none	meta_key

Table: wp_comments

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

comment_ID	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI	NULL	auto_increment
comment_post_ID	bigint(20) unsigned		IND	0	FK->wp_posts.ID
comment_author	tinytext
comment_author_email	varchar(100)
comment_author_url	varchar(200)
comment_author_IP	varchar(100)
comment_date	datetime			0000-00-00 00:00:00
comment_date_gmt	datetime		IND & IND Pt2	0000-00-00 00:00:00
comment_content	text
comment_karma	int(11)			0
comment_approved	varchar(20)		IND & Ind Pt1	1
comment_agent	varchar(255)
comment_type	varchar(20)
comment_parent	bigint(20) unsigned			0	FK->wp_comments.ID
user_id	bigint(20) unsigned			0	FK->wp_users.ID

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	1	comment_ID
comment_approved	INDEX	None	comment_approved
comment_post_ID	INDEX	None	comment_post_ID
comment_approved_date_gmt	INDEX	None	comment_approved comment_date_gmt
comment_date_gmt	INDEX	None	comment_date_gmt
comment_parent	INDEX	None	comment_parent

Table: wp_links

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

link_id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI	NULL	auto_increment
link_url	varchar(255)
link_name	varchar(255)
link_image	varchar(255)
link_target	varchar(25)
link_description	varchar(255)
link_visible	varchar(20)		IND	Y
link_owner	bigint(20) unsigned			1
link_rating	int(11)			0
link_updated	datetime			0000-00-00 00:00:00
link_rel	varchar(255)
link_notes	mediumtext
link_rss	varchar(255)

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	7	link_ID
link_category	INDEX	None	link_category
link_visible	INDEX	None	link_visible

Table: wp_options

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

option_id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI Pt1	NULL	auto_increment
blog_id	int(11)		PRI Pt2	0
option_name	varchar(64)		PRI Pt3 & IND
option_value	longtext
autoload	varchar(20)			yes

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	184	option_id blog_id option_name
option_name	UNIQUE	184	option_name

Table: wp_postmeta

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

meta_id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI	NULL	auto_increment
post_id	bigint(20) unsigned		IND	0	FK->wp_posts.ID
meta_key	varchar(255)	YES	IND	NULL
meta_value	longtext	YES		NULL

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	13	meta_ID
post_id	INDEX	15	post_id
meta_key	INDEX	7	meta_key

Table: wp_posts

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

ID	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI & IND Pt4		auto_increment
post_author	bigint(20) unsigned			0	FK->wp_users.ID
post_date	datetime		IND Pt3	0000-00-00 00:00:00
post_date_gmt	datetime			0000-00-00 00:00:00
post_content	longtext
post_title	text
post_excerpt	text
post_status	varchar(20)		IND PT2	publish
comment_status	varchar(20)			open
ping_status	varchar(20)			open
post_password	varchar(20)
post_name	varchar(200)		IND
to_ping	text
pinged	text
post_modified	datetime			0000-00-00 00:00:00
post_modified_gmt	datetime			0000-00-00 00:00:00
post_content_filtered	text
post_parent	bigint(20) unsigned			0	FK->wp_posts.ID
guid	varchar(255)
menu_order	int(11)			0
post_type	varchar(20)		IND Pt1	post
post_mime_type	varchar(100)
comment_count	bigint(20)			0

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	2	ID
post_name	INDEX	None	post_name
type_status_date	INDEX	None	post_type post_status post_date ID
post_parent	INDEX	None	post_parent
post_author	INDEX	None	post_author

Table: wp_terms

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

term_id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI		auto_increment
name	varchar(200)
slug	varchar(200)		UNI
term_group	bigint(10)			0

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	2	term_ID
slug	UNIQUE	2	slug
name	Index	none	name

Table: wp_term_relationships

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

object_id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI Pt1	0
term_taxonomy_id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI Pt2 & IND	0	FK->wp_term_taxonomy.term_taxonomy_id
term_order	int(11)			0

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	8	object_id term_taxonomy_id
term_taxonomy_id	INDEX	None	term_taxonomy_id

Table: wp_term_taxonomy

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

term_taxonomy_id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI		auto_increment
term_id	bigint(20) unsigned		UNI Pt1	0	FK->wp_terms.term_id
taxonomy	varchar(32)		UNI Pt2
description	longtext
parent	bigint(20) unsigned			0
count	bigint(20)			0

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	2	term_taxonomy_id
term_id_taxonomy	UNIQUE	2	term_id taxonomy
taxonomy	INDEX	None	taxonomy

Table: wp_usermeta

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

umeta_id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI	NULL	auto_increment
user_id	bigint(20) unsigned			'0'	FK->wp_users.ID
meta_key	varchar(255)	Yes	IND	NULL
meta_value	longtext	Yes	IND	NULL

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	9	umeta_id
user_id	INDEX	None	user_id
meta_key	INDEX	None	meta_key

Table: wp_users

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

ID	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI	NULL	auto_increment
user_login	varchar(60)		IND
user_pass	varchar(64)
user_nicename	varchar(50)		IND
user_email	varchar(100)
user_url	varchar(100)
user_registered	datetime			0000-00-00 00:00:00
user_activation_key	varchar(60)
user_status	int(11)			0
display_name	varchar(250)

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	1	ID
user_login_key	INDEX	None	user_login
user_nicename	INDEX	None	user_nicename

多站点表概述

本部分是Wordpress的Multisite特性所建立的表的概述。这些表通过Administration > Tools > Network下的操作建立。

这些表被看作是全局多站点的表。

WordPress 3.0 Multisite Tables Table Name Description Relevant Area(s) of WordPress User Interface wp_blogswp_blog_versionswp_registration_logwp_signupswp_sitewp_sitecategorieswp_sitemetawp_userswp_usermetaSite Specific Tables

Each site created is stored in the table, wp_blogs.	Administration > Tools > Network Administration > Super Admin > Sites
The current database version status of each site is maintained in thewp_blogs_versions table and is updated as each site is upgraded.	Administration > Super Admin > Update
The wp_registration_log records the admin user created when each new site is created.	Administration > Super Admin > Sites
This table holds the user that have registered for a site via the login registration process. User registration is enable inAdministration > Super Admin >Options.	Administration > Settings > General
The wp_site table contains the main site address.	Administration > Tools > Network
If global terms (global_terms_enabled = true) are enabled for a site thewp_sitecategories table holds those terms.	Administration > Super Admin > Options Administration > Posts > Add New
Each site features information called the site data and it is stored in wp_sitemeta. Variousoption information, including the site admin is kept in this table.	Administration > Super Admin > Options
The list of all users is maintained in table wp_users. Multisite add two fields not in the stand-alone version.	Administration > Users Administration > Super Admin > Users Administration > Super Admin > Sites - Edit Site
This table is not re-create for multisite, but meta data of usersfor each site are stored inwp_usermeta.	Administration > Users Administration > Super Admin > Users Administration > Super Admin > Sites - Edit Site
The data of the main site are stored in existing unnumbered tables. The data of additional sites are stored in new numbered tables.	Administration > Super Admin > Sites - Add Site

多站点表详细资料

The following describe the tables and fields created during the network installation. Note that a global set of tables is created upon creation of the network, and site-specific tables are established as each site is created.

Table: wp_blogs

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

blog_id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI	NULL	auto_increment
site_id	bigint(20) unsigned		IND	0
domain	varchar(200)	NO		0
path	varchar(100)	NO
registered	datetime	NO		0000-00-00 00:00:00
last_updated	datetime	NO		0000-00-00 00:00:00
public	tinyint(2)	NO		0
archived	enum('0','1')	NO		0
mature	tinyint(2)	NO		0
spam	tinyint(2)	NO		0
deleted	tinyint(2)	NO		0
lang_id	int(11)	NO		0

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	2	blog_id
domain	INDEX	none	domain(50),path(5)
lang_id	INDEX	none	lang_id

Table: wp_blog_versions

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

blog_id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI	0	FK->wp_blogs.blog_id
db_version	varchar(20)	NO
last_updated	datetime	NO		0000-00-00 00:00:00

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	2	blog_id
db_version	INDEX	none	db_version

Table: wp_registration_log

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

ID	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI	NULL	auto_increment
email	varchar(255)	NO
IP	varchar(30)	NO
blog_id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI	0	FK->wp_blogs.blog_id
date_registered	datetime	NO		0000-00-00 00:00:00

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	1	ID
IP	INDEX	none	IP

Table: wp_signups

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

domain	varchar(200)	NO		0
path	varchar(100)	NO
title	longtext	NO
user_login	varchar(60)	NO	IND
user_email	varchar(100)	NO
registered_date	datetime	NO		0000-00-00 00:00:00
activated	datetime	NO		0000-00-00 00:00:00
active	tinyint(1)	NO
activation_key	varchar(50)	NO
meta	longtext

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

activation_key	INDEX	None	activation_key
domain	INDEX	None	domain

Table: wp_site

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI	NULL	auto_increment
domain	varchar(200)	NO		0
path	varchar(100)	NO

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	1	id
domain	INDEX	none	domain,path

Table: wp_sitecategories

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

cat_id	bigint(20) unsigned	NO	PRI	NULL	auto_increment
cat_name	carchar(55)	NO
category_nicename	varchar(200)	NO
last_updated	timestamp	NO

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	9	cat_id
category_nicename	INDEX	None	category_nicename
last_updated	INDEX	None	last_updated

Table: wp_sitemeta

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

meta_id	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI	NULL	auto_increment
site_id	bigint(20) unsigned			'0'	FK->wp_site.site_id
meta_key	varchar(255)	Yes	IND	NULL
meta_value	longtext	Yes	IND	NULL

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	9	meta_id
meta_key	INDEX	None	meta_key
site_id	INDEX	None	site_id

Table: wp_users

Field Type Null Key Default Extra

ID	bigint(20) unsigned		PRI	NULL	auto_increment
user_login	varchar(60)		IND
user_pass	varchar(64)
user_nicename	varchar(50)		IND
user_email	varchar(100)
user_url	varchar(100)
user_registered	datetime			0000-00-00 00:00:00
user_activation_key	varchar(60)
user_status	int(11)			0
display_name	varchar(250)
spam	tinyint(2)	NO		0
deleted	tinyint(2)	NO		0

Indexes

Keyname Type Cardinality Field

PRIMARY	PRIMARY	1	ID
user_login_key	INDEX	None	user_login
user_nicename	INDEX	None	user_nicename

Site Specific Tables

When a new additional site is created, the site-specific tables, similar to the stand-alone tables above, are created. Each set of tables for a site are created with the site ID (blog_id) as part of the table name. These are the tables that would be created for site ID 2 and table_prefix wp:

• wp_2_commentmeta
• wp_2_comments
• wp_2_links
• wp_2_options
• wp_2_postmeta
• wp_2_posts
• wp_2_terms
• wp_2_term_relationships
• wp_2_term_taxonomy

The data of the main site are stored in unnumbered tables.

资源

• A look inside the WordPress database 一篇Leonid Mamchenkov 的关于数据库表的深入探讨.

更新日志

• 3.0 :
  • comments table: 增加comment_parent索引.
  • posts table: 增加post_author索引.
  • 开启Multisite特性时:
    • 增加multisite tables.
    • 增加spam和deleted字段到users table.

• 2.9 :
  • commentmeta table: 用于存储评论相关的数据.
  • options table: 增加唯一索引option_name.
  • 更新了数据库图表

• 2.8 :
  • comments table : 修改 comment_post_ID 列为 bigint(20), unsigned.
  • links table : 删除 link_category 列.
  • posts table: 删除 post_category 列.
  • term_taxonomy table:添加键 taxonomy.
  • 添加 unsigned 属性到类型为 bigint(20) 的字段.
• 2.7 :
  • term table : 修改 name 字段 varchar(55) -> varchar(200).
  • 添加键 name 到 term table.
  • 添加键 post_parent 到 posts table.
• 2.5 :
  • 所有 enum 类型字段改为 varchar(20):
    • comments table： comment_approved field
    • links table： link_visible
    • options table： autoload
    • posts table: post_status, comment_status, ping_status
  • 添加键 comment_approved_date_gmt 和 comment_date_gmt 到 comments table.
  • 添加 term_order 字段到 term_relationships table
  • 参见: Migrating Plugins and Themes to 2.5 - Database changes
• 2.3 :
  • 添加 terms, term_taxonomy and term_relationships 表. 删除 categories, link2cat和 post2cat表.
  • 删除 options table中的6个字段. (option_can_override, option_type, option_width, option_height, option_description, and option_admin_level)
  • 添加新状态 'pending'到posts table的post_status字段.
  • 参见: WordPress Taxonomy
• 2.1 :
  • 删除linkcategories表. 链接分类数据合并到categories表, 重设IDs.
  • 添加post_type字段到posts table (in 2.0.x, post_status = 'static' for Pages)
  • 添加新状态 'future' posts table的 post_status字段 , 代替2.0.x版本中的 NOW().
  • 参见： Migrating Plugins and Themes to 2.1 - Core WordPress Database Changes

 http://codex.wordpress.org/zh-cn:%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%E6%8F%8F%E8%BF%B0#Table:_wp_comments