sql查询语句

2./*1、选择在部门30中员工的所有信息*/ 
3.select * from scott.emp where deptno = '30' 
4./*2、列出职位为（MANAGER）的员工的编号，姓名 */ 
5.select empno, ename from scott.emp where job = 'MANAGER' 
6./*3、找出奖金高于工资的员工*/ 
7.select * from scott.emp where comm > sal  
8./*4、找出每个员工奖金和工资的总和 */ 
9.select ename, sal + nvl(comm, 0) from scott.emp  
10./*5、找出部门10中的经理(MANAGER)和部门20中的普通员工(CLERK) */ 
11.select *  
12.  from scott.emp  
13. where deptno = '10' 
14.   and job = 'MANAGER' 
15.union  
16.select *  
17.  from scott.emp  
18. where job = 'CLERK' 
19.   and deptno = '20' 
20./*6、找出部门10中既不是经理也不是普通员工，而且工资大于等于2000的员工 */ 
21.select *  
22.  from scott.emp  
23. where job != 'MANAGER' 
24.   and job != 'CLERK' 
25.   and sal > 2000 
26./*7、找出有奖金的员工的不同工作 */ 
27.select distinct(job) from scott.emp where comm is not null 
28./*8、找出没有奖金或者奖金低于500的员工*/   
29.select *  
30.  from scott.emp  
31. where comm is not null 
32.   and comm > 500 
33./*9、显示雇员姓名，根据其服务年限，将最老的雇员排在最前面 */ 
34.select ename  
35.  from scott.emp  
36. order by (months_between(sysdate, hiredate) / 12) desc  
37.   
38. select ename,hiredate from scott.emp order by hiredate  
39./*10、找出每个月倒数第三天受雇的员工*/ 
40.select * from scott.emp where hiredate = last_day(hiredate) - 2 
41./*11、分别用case和decode函数列出员工所在的部门，deptno=10显示'部门10',  
42. deptno=20显示'部门20'  
43. deptno=30显示'部门30'  
44. deptno=40显示'部门40'  
45. 否则为'其他部门'*/ 
46. select ename,  
47.        case deptno  
48.          when 10 then  
49.           '部门10' 
50.          when 20 then  
51.           '部门20' 
52.          when 30 then  
53.           '部门30' 
54.          when 40 then  
55.           '部门40' 
56.          else 
57.           '其他部门' 
58.        end 工资情况  
59.   from scott.emp  
60.   
61. select ename,  
62.        decode(deptno,  
63.               10,  
64.               '部门10',  
65.               20,  
66.               '部门20',  
67.               30,  
68.               '部门30',  
69.               40,  
70.               '部门40',  
71.               '其他部门') 工资情况  
72.   from scott.emp  
73./*12、分组统计各部门下工资>500的员工的平均工资*/ 
74.select avg(sal) from scott.emp where sal > 500 group by deptno  
75./*13、统计各部门下平均工资大于500的部门*/ 
76.select deptno from scott.emp group by deptno having avg(sal) > 500 
77./*14、算出部门30中得到最多奖金的员工奖金 */ 
78.select max(comm) from scott.emp where deptno = 30 
79./*15、算出部门30中得到最多奖金的员工姓名*/ 
80.select ename  
81.  from scott.emp  
82. where deptno = 30 
83.   and comm = (select max(comm) from scott.emp where deptno = 30)  
84./*16、算出每个职位的员工数和最低工资*/ 
85.select count(ename), min(sal), job from scott.emp group by job  
86./*17、列出员工表中每个部门的员工数，和部门no */ 
87.select count(ename), deptno from scott.emp group by deptno  
88./*18、得到工资大于自己部门平均工资的员工信息*/ 
89.select *  
90.  from scott.emp e  
91. where sal > (select avg(sal) from scott.emp where e.deptno = deptno)  
92.   
93.  select *  
94.    from scott.emp e1,  
95.         (select avg(sal) sals, deptno from scott.emp group by deptno) e2  
96.   where sal > sals  
97.     and e1.deptno = e2.deptno  
98./*19、分组统计每个部门下，每种职位的平均奖金（也要算没奖金的人）和总工资(包括奖金) */ 
99.select avg(nvl(comm,0)), sum(sal + nvl(comm, 0))  
100.  from scott.emp  
101. group by deptno,job  
102./*20、笛卡尔集*/ 
103.select * from scott.emp, scott.dept  
104./*21、显示员工ID,名字，直属主管ID，名字*/ 
105.select empno,  
106.       ename,  
107.       mgr,  
108.       (select ename from scott.emp e1 where e1.empno = e2.mgr) 直属主管名字  
109.  from scott.emp e2  
110./*22、DEPT表按照部门跟EMP表左关联*/ 
111.select *  
112.  from scott.dept, scott.emp  
113. where scott.dept.deptno = scott.emp.deptno(+)  
114./*23、使用此语句重复的内容不再显示了*/ 
115.select distinct (job) from scott.emp  
116./*24、重复的内容依然显示 */ 
117.select *  
118.  from scott.emp  
119.UNION ALL  
120.select * from scott.emp  
121./*23和24题和22题是一样的 */ 
122. 
123./*25、只显示了两个表中彼此重复的记录。*/ 
124.select *  
125.  from scott.dept, scott.emp  
126. where scott.dept.deptno(+) = scott.emp.deptno  
127./*26、只显示了两张表中的不同记录*/ 
128.select * from scott.emp union select * from scott.emp  
129.minus   
130.(select * from scott.emp intersect select * from scott.emp)  
131. 
132.(select * from scott.emp minus select * from scott.emp)  
133.union   
134.(select * from scott.emp minus select * from scott.emp)  
135.   表结构相同  先union 只能有 -   
136./*27、列出员工表中每个部门的员工数，和部门no */ 
137.select count(ename), deptno from scott.emp group by deptno  
138./*28、列出员工表中每个部门的员工数（员工数必须大于3），和部门名称*/   
139.select count(deptno),  
140.       deptno,  
141.       (select dname from scott.dept where scott.dept.deptno = e1.deptno)  
142.  from scott.emp e1  
143. group by deptno having count(deptno)>3 
144./*29、找出工资比jones多的员工*/ 
145.select *  
146.  from scott.emp  
147. where sal > (select sal from scott.emp where ename = 'JONES')  
148./*30、列出所有员工的姓名和其上级的姓名 */ 
149.select ename,  
150.       (select ename from scott.emp e1 where e1.empno = e2.mgr) 上级的姓名  
151.  from scott.emp e2  
152./*31、以职位分组，找出平均工资最高的两种职位 */ 
153.select job  
154.  from scott.emp  
155. group by job  
156.having avg(sal) in (select max(sal) from scott.emp group by job )  
157. 
158.select job  
159.  from (select job, avg(sal)  
160.          from scott.emp  
161.         group by job  
162.         order by avg(sal) desc)  
163. where rownum <= 2 
164.   
165. 最大的：  
166. select max(max_sal)  
167.   from (select job, avg(sal) max_sal from scott.emp group by job)  
168./*32、查找出不在部门20，且比部门20中任何一个人工资都高的员工姓名、部门名称*/ 
169. 
170.select ename, dname  
171.  from scott.emp e1, scott.dept e2  
172. where e1.deptno = e2.deptno  
173.   and e1.deptno <> 20 
174.   and sal > (select max(sal) from scott.emp where deptno = '20')  
175.             
176./*33、得到平均工资大于2000的工作职种 */ 
177.select job from scott.emp group by job having avg(sal) > 2000 
178./*34、分部门得到工资大于2000的所有员工的平均工资，并且平均工资还要大于2500 */ 
179.select avg(sal)  
180.  from scott.emp  
181. where sal > 2000 
182. group by deptno  
183.having avg(sal) > 2500 
184./*35、得到每个月工资总数最少的那个部门的部门编号，部门名称，部门位置 */ 
185.select deptno, dname, loc  
186.  from scott.dept  
187. where deptno in (select deptno  
188.                   from scott.emp  
189.                  group by deptno  
190.                 having sum(sal) = (select min(sum(sal))  
191.                                     from scott.emp  
192.                                    group by deptno))  
193. 
194.select * from scott.dept  
195./*36、分部门得到平均工资等级为2级（等级表）的部门编号 */ 
196.select deptno  
197.  from scott.emp  
198. group by deptno  
199.having avg(sal) between (select losal from scott.salgrade where grade = 2) and (select hisal  
200.                                                                                  from scott.salgrade  
201.                                                                               where grade = 2)  
202.                                                                                 
203.select avg(sal) from scott.emp group by deptno  
204.select * from scott.salgrade  
205./*37、查找出部门10和部门20中，工资最高第3名到工资第5名的员工的员工名字，部门名字，部门位置*/ 
206.select a.ename, dname, loc  
207.  from (select *  
208.          from (select rownum rn, deptno, empno, sal, ename  
209.                  from (select deptno, empno, sal, ename  
210.                          from scott.emp  
211.                         where deptno in (10, 20)  
212.                           and rownum <= 5 
213.                         order by sal desc))  
214.         where rn between 3 and 5) a,  
215.       scott.dept b  
216. where a.deptno = b.deptno  
217.             
218.             
219.select deptno, ename  
220.  from (select empno, deptno, ename  
221.          from (select rownum rn, deptno, empno, sal, ename  
222.                  from (select deptno, empno, sal, ename  
223.                          from scott.emp  
224.                         where deptno in (10, 20)  
225.                         order by sal desc))  
226.         where rn between 3 and 5)  
227.    
228. 
229./*38、查找出收入（工资加上奖金），下级比自己上级还高的员工编号，员工名字，员工收入*/ 
230.select empno, ename, sal + nvl(comm, 0)  
231.  from scott.emp e1  
232. where sal + nvl(comm, 0) >  
233.       (select sal + nvl(comm, 0) from scott.emp where empno = e1.mgr)  
234. 
235.select * from scott.emp  
236.select ename, sal + nvl(comm, 0) from scott.emp  
237./*39、查找出职位和'MARTIN' 或者'SMITH'一样的员工的平均工资 */ 
238.select avg(sal)  
239.  from scott.emp  
240. where job in (select job  
241.                 from scott.emp  
242.                where ename = 'MARTIN' 
243.                   or ename = 'SMITH')  
244./*40、查找出不属于任何部门的员工 */ 
245.select * from scott.emp where deptno  is null 
246.select * from scott.emp where deptno not in (select deptno from scott.emp)  
247./*41、按部门统计员工数，查处员工数最多的部门的第二名到第五名（列出部门名字，部门位置）*/ 
248.select dname, loc  
249.  from (select *  
250.          from (select rownum rn, deptno  
251.                  from (select deptno, count(*)  
252.                          from scott.emp  
253.                         group by deptno  
254.                         order by count(*) desc))  
255.         where rn between 2 and 5) a,  
256.       scott.dept b  
257. where a.deptno = b.deptno  
258.    
259.  select count(*) from scott.emp group by deptno  
260./*42、查询出king所在部门的部门号\部门名称\部门人数 （多种方法）*/ 
261.select sc.deptno, dname, count(*)  
262.  from scott.emp sc, scott.dept de  
263. where sc.deptno = ((select deptno from scott.emp where ename = 'KING'))  
264.   and de.deptno = sc.deptno  
265. group by sc.deptno, dname  
266. 
267. 
268./*43、查询出king所在部门的工作年限最大的员工名字*/   
269.select *  
270.  from scott.emp  
271. where hiredate =  
272.       (select min(hiredate)  
273.          from scott.emp  
274.         where deptno in (select deptno from scott.emp where ename = 'KING'))  
275.   and deptno = (select deptno from scott.emp where ename = 'KING')  
276./*44、查询出工资成本最高的部门的部门号和部门名称 */ 
277.select deptno, dname  
278.  from scott.dept  
279. where deptno = (select deptno  
280.                   from scott.emp  
281.                  group by deptno  
282.                 having sum(sal) = (select max(sum(sal))  
283.                                     from scott.emp  
284.                                    group by deptno))  
285. 
286.select * from scott.emp for update 

/*1、选择在部门30中员工的所有信息*/
select * from scott.emp where deptno = '30'
/*2、列出职位为（MANAGER）的员工的编号，姓名 */
select empno, ename from scott.emp where job = 'MANAGER'
/*3、找出奖金高于工资的员工*/
select * from scott.emp where comm > sal
/*4、找出每个员工奖金和工资的总和 */
select ename, sal + nvl(comm, 0) from scott.emp
/*5、找出部门10中的经理(MANAGER)和部门20中的普通员工(CLERK) */
select *
  from scott.emp
where deptno = '10'
   and job = 'MANAGER'
union
select *
  from scott.emp
where job = 'CLERK'
   and deptno = '20'
/*6、找出部门10中既不是经理也不是普通员工，而且工资大于等于2000的员工 */
select *
  from scott.emp
where job != 'MANAGER'
   and job != 'CLERK'
   and sal > 2000
/*7、找出有奖金的员工的不同工作 */
select distinct(job) from scott.emp where comm is not null
/*8、找出没有奖金或者奖金低于500的员工*/
select *
  from scott.emp
where comm is not null
   and comm > 500
/*9、显示雇员姓名，根据其服务年限，将最老的雇员排在最前面 */
select ename
  from scott.emp
order by (months_between(sysdate, hiredate) / 12) desc

select ename,hiredate from scott.emp order by hiredate
/*10、找出每个月倒数第三天受雇的员工*/
select * from scott.emp where hiredate = last_day(hiredate) - 2
/*11、分别用case和decode函数列出员工所在的部门，deptno=10显示'部门10',
deptno=20显示'部门20'
deptno=30显示'部门30'
deptno=40显示'部门40'
否则为'其他部门'*/
select ename,
        case deptno
          when 10 then
           '部门10'
          when 20 then
           '部门20'
          when 30 then
           '部门30'
          when 40 then
           '部门40'
          else
           '其他部门'
        end 工资情况
   from scott.emp

select ename,
        decode(deptno,
               10,
               '部门10',
               20,
               '部门20',
               30,
               '部门30',
               40,
               '部门40',
               '其他部门') 工资情况
   from scott.emp
/*12、分组统计各部门下工资>500的员工的平均工资*/
select avg(sal) from scott.emp where sal > 500 group by deptno
/*13、统计各部门下平均工资大于500的部门*/
select deptno from scott.emp group by deptno having avg(sal) > 500
/*14、算出部门30中得到最多奖金的员工奖金 */
select max(comm) from scott.emp where deptno = 30
/*15、算出部门30中得到最多奖金的员工姓名*/
select ename
  from scott.emp
where deptno = 30
   and comm = (select max(comm) from scott.emp where deptno = 30)
/*16、算出每个职位的员工数和最低工资*/
select count(ename), min(sal), job from scott.emp group by job
/*17、列出员工表中每个部门的员工数，和部门no */
select count(ename), deptno from scott.emp group by deptno
/*18、得到工资大于自己部门平均工资的员工信息*/
select *
  from scott.emp e
where sal > (select avg(sal) from scott.emp where e.deptno = deptno)

  select *
    from scott.emp e1,
         (select avg(sal) sals, deptno from scott.emp group by deptno) e2
   where sal > sals
     and e1.deptno = e2.deptno
/*19、分组统计每个部门下，每种职位的平均奖金（也要算没奖金的人）和总工资(包括奖金) */
select avg(nvl(comm,0)), sum(sal + nvl(comm, 0))
  from scott.emp
group by deptno,job
/*20、笛卡尔集*/
select * from scott.emp, scott.dept
/*21、显示员工ID,名字，直属主管ID，名字*/
select empno,
       ename,
       mgr,
       (select ename from scott.emp e1 where e1.empno = e2.mgr) 直属主管名字
  from scott.emp e2
/*22、DEPT表按照部门跟EMP表左关联*/
select *
  from scott.dept, scott.emp
where scott.dept.deptno = scott.emp.deptno(+)
/*23、使用此语句重复的内容不再显示了*/
select distinct (job) from scott.emp
/*24、重复的内容依然显示 */
select *
  from scott.emp
UNION ALL
select * from scott.emp
/*23和24题和22题是一样的 */

/*25、只显示了两个表中彼此重复的记录。*/
select *
  from scott.dept, scott.emp
where scott.dept.deptno(+) = scott.emp.deptno
/*26、只显示了两张表中的不同记录*/
select * from scott.emp union select * from scott.emp
minus
(select * from scott.emp intersect select * from scott.emp)

(select * from scott.emp minus select * from scott.emp)
union
(select * from scott.emp minus select * from scott.emp)
   表结构相同  先union 只能有 -
/*27、列出员工表中每个部门的员工数，和部门no */
select count(ename), deptno from scott.emp group by deptno
/*28、列出员工表中每个部门的员工数（员工数必须大于3），和部门名称*/
select count(deptno),
       deptno,
       (select dname from scott.dept where scott.dept.deptno = e1.deptno)
  from scott.emp e1
group by deptno having count(deptno)>3
/*29、找出工资比jones多的员工*/
select *
  from scott.emp
where sal > (select sal from scott.emp where ename = 'JONES')
/*30、列出所有员工的姓名和其上级的姓名 */
select ename,
       (select ename from scott.emp e1 where e1.empno = e2.mgr) 上级的姓名
  from scott.emp e2
/*31、以职位分组，找出平均工资最高的两种职位 */
select job
  from scott.emp
group by job
having avg(sal) in (select max(sal) from scott.emp group by job )

select job
  from (select job, avg(sal)
          from scott.emp
         group by job
         order by avg(sal) desc)
where rownum <= 2

最大的：
select max(max_sal)
   from (select job, avg(sal) max_sal from scott.emp group by job)
/*32、查找出不在部门20，且比部门20中任何一个人工资都高的员工姓名、部门名称*/

select ename, dname
  from scott.emp e1, scott.dept e2
where e1.deptno = e2.deptno
   and e1.deptno <> 20
   and sal > (select max(sal) from scott.emp where deptno = '20')
          
/*33、得到平均工资大于2000的工作职种 */
select job from scott.emp group by job having avg(sal) > 2000
/*34、分部门得到工资大于2000的所有员工的平均工资，并且平均工资还要大于2500 */
select avg(sal)
  from scott.emp
where sal > 2000
group by deptno
having avg(sal) > 2500
/*35、得到每个月工资总数最少的那个部门的部门编号，部门名称，部门位置 */
select deptno, dname, loc
  from scott.dept
where deptno in (select deptno
                   from scott.emp
                  group by deptno
                 having sum(sal) = (select min(sum(sal))
                                     from scott.emp
                                    group by deptno))

select * from scott.dept
/*36、分部门得到平均工资等级为2级（等级表）的部门编号 */
select deptno
  from scott.emp
group by deptno
having avg(sal) between (select losal from scott.salgrade where grade = 2) and (select hisal
                                                                                  from scott.salgrade
                                                                               where grade = 2)
                                                                              
select avg(sal) from scott.emp group by deptno
select * from scott.salgrade
/*37、查找出部门10和部门20中，工资最高第3名到工资第5名的员工的员工名字，部门名字，部门位置*/
select a.ename, dname, loc
  from (select *
          from (select rownum rn, deptno, empno, sal, ename
                  from (select deptno, empno, sal, ename
                          from scott.emp
                         where deptno in (10, 20)
                           and rownum <= 5
                         order by sal desc))
         where rn between 3 and 5) a,
       scott.dept b
where a.deptno = b.deptno
          
          
select deptno, ename
  from (select empno, deptno, ename
          from (select rownum rn, deptno, empno, sal, ename
                  from (select deptno, empno, sal, ename
                          from scott.emp
                         where deptno in (10, 20)
                         order by sal desc))
         where rn between 3 and 5)
 

/*38、查找出收入（工资加上奖金），下级比自己上级还高的员工编号，员工名字，员工收入*/
select empno, ename, sal + nvl(comm, 0)
  from scott.emp e1
where sal + nvl(comm, 0) >
       (select sal + nvl(comm, 0) from scott.emp where empno = e1.mgr)

select * from scott.emp
select ename, sal + nvl(comm, 0) from scott.emp
/*39、查找出职位和'MARTIN' 或者'SMITH'一样的员工的平均工资 */
select avg(sal)
  from scott.emp
where job in (select job
                 from scott.emp
                where ename = 'MARTIN'
                   or ename = 'SMITH')
/*40、查找出不属于任何部门的员工 */
select * from scott.emp where deptno  is null
select * from scott.emp where deptno not in (select deptno from scott.emp)
/*41、按部门统计员工数，查处员工数最多的部门的第二名到第五名（列出部门名字，部门位置）*/
select dname, loc
  from (select *
          from (select rownum rn, deptno
                  from (select deptno, count(*)
                          from scott.emp
                         group by deptno
                         order by count(*) desc))
         where rn between 2 and 5) a,
       scott.dept b
where a.deptno = b.deptno
 
  select count(*) from scott.emp group by deptno
/*42、查询出king所在部门的部门号\部门名称\部门人数 （多种方法）*/
select sc.deptno, dname, count(*)
  from scott.emp sc, scott.dept de
where sc.deptno = ((select deptno from scott.emp where ename = 'KING'))
   and de.deptno = sc.deptno
group by sc.deptno, dname


/*43、查询出king所在部门的工作年限最大的员工名字*/
select *
  from scott.emp
where hiredate =
       (select min(hiredate)
          from scott.emp
         where deptno in (select deptno from scott.emp where ename = 'KING'))
   and deptno = (select deptno from scott.emp where ename = 'KING')
/*44、查询出工资成本最高的部门的部门号和部门名称 */
select deptno, dname
  from scott.dept
where deptno = (select deptno
                   from scott.emp
                  group by deptno
                 having sum(sal) = (select max(sum(sal))
                                     from scott.emp
                                    group by deptno))

select * from scott.emp for update