REST安全实践·1.HTTP BASIC认证

1. JDBCRealm + BASIC认证

• Accesses authentication information stored in a relational database, accessed via a JDBC driver.
• 通过JDBC访问关系型数据库，获取认证信息

1.1 创建Realm所需的数据表

• 导出 mysqldump simple_service_book -uroot -p security.sql
• 导入 mysql -uroot -p < security.sql

DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS `simple_service_book`;
CREATE DATABASE `simple_service_book`;
USE `simple_service_book`;
CREATE TABLE `simple_book` (
  `BOOKID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `BOOKNAME` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `PUBLISHER` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`BOOKID`),
  UNIQUE KEY `BOOKID` (`BOOKID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
LOCK TABLES `simple_book` WRITE;
INSERT INTO `simple_book` VALUES (1,'Java Restful Web Service使用指南','cmpbook'),
(2,'JSF2和RichFaces4使用指南','phei');
UNLOCK TABLES;

CREATE TABLE `user_roles` (
  `user_name` varchar(15) NOT NULL,
  `role_name` varchar(15) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`user_name`,`role_name`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
LOCK TABLES `user_roles` WRITE;
INSERT INTO `user_roles` VALUES ('caroline','user'),('eric','admin');
UNLOCK TABLES;

CREATE TABLE `users` (
  `user_name` varchar(15) NOT NULL,
  `user_pass` varchar(15) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`user_name`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
LOCK TABLES `users` WRITE;
INSERT INTO `users` VALUES ('caroline','zhang'),('eric','han');
UNLOCK TABLES;

1.2 配置JDBCRealm

$CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml

<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.JDBCRealm" 
driverName="org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver"  
connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/simple_service_book?user=root&amp;password=root"
userTable="users" 
userNameCol="user_name"
userCredCol="user_pass"
userRoleTable="user_roles"
roleNameCol="role_name"/>

http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/realm.html

Eclipse内置Tomcat配置 

1.3 数据库驱动

拷贝Mysql的JDBC驱动到$CATALINA_HOME/lib目录。使用Maven的项目可以从本地仓库取得，否则从网上搜吧。

M2_REPO/mysql/mysql-connector-java/5.1.25/mysql-connector-java-5.1.25.jar 
(仓库地址举例：M2_REPO=C:\Users\hanl\.m2\repository)

1.4 配置应用的web.xml

/security-rest/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml

<security-constraint>
    <web-resource-collection>
        <url-pattern>/webapi/*</url-pattern>
        <http-method>GET</http-method>
        <http-method>POST</http-method>
        <http-method>UPDATE</http-method>
        <http-method>DELETE</http-method>
    </web-resource-collection>
    <auth-constraint>
        <role-name>admin</role-name>
    </auth-constraint>
</security-constraint>

<security-constraint>
    <web-resource-collection>
        <url-pattern>/webapi/*</url-pattern>
        <http-method>GET</http-method>
    </web-resource-collection>
    <auth-constraint>
        <role-name>user</role-name>
    </auth-constraint>
</security-constraint>

<login-config>
    <auth-method>BASIC</auth-method>
</login-config>

Tomcat将调用Realm.authenticate()对首次访问的用户进行认证。认证通过后被缓存在Tomcat(对于FORM-based authentication, 直到session失效,对于 BASIC authentication,直到关闭浏览器)

1.5 BASIC认证

C:\Users\hanl.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\tomcat-catalina\7.0.42\tomcat-catalina-7.0.42-sources.jar

Realm.authenticate() 

base64(username:password) 

1.6 应用权限测试

测试工具 Chrome插件POSTMAN

测试用例1

测试地址=http://localhost:8080/security-rest/webapi/books

测试方法=GET

测试用户=无

测试结果=**401 Unauthorized**

测试用例2

测试地址=http://localhost:8080/security-rest/webapi/books

测试方法=GET

测试用户=caroline role=user

测试结果=**200 OK**

测试用例3

测试地址=http://localhost:8080/security-rest/webapi/books

测试方法=POST

测试用户=caroline role=user

测试结果=**403 Forbidden**

测试用例4

测试地址=http://localhost:8080/security-rest/webapi/books

测试方法=POST

测试用户=eric role=admin

测试结果=**200 OK**