HttpClient爬取网页源代码

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java

package util;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.Header;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.SimpleHttpConnectionManager;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpConnectionManagerParams;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;

/**
* @author liuwei
* date:Dec 18, 2009
*
* TODO
* HttpClient辅助类
*/
public class HttpClientHelper
{

/**
* HttpClient 连接超时、读取数据超时时间设置(单位：毫秒)
*/
public static final int HTTPCLIENT_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = 30000;
public static final int HTTPCLIENT_SO_TIMEOUT = 120000;
public static final int HTTPMETHOD_SO_TIMEOUT = 5000;

// 让connectionmanager管理httpclientconnection时是否关闭连接
private static boolean alwaysClose = false;
private static String defaultEncode = "UTF-8";

private static final DateFormat DATE_FORMAT = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

/**
* 获取HttpClient连接，并设置相关参数
*
* @return
*/
public static HttpClient getHttpClient()
{
HttpClient client = new HttpClient(new SimpleHttpConnectionManager(alwaysClose));
HttpConnectionManagerParams managerParams = client.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams();
// 设置连接超时时间(单位毫秒)
managerParams.setConnectionTimeout(HTTPCLIENT_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT);
// 设置读数据超时时间(单位毫秒)
managerParams.setSoTimeout(HTTPCLIENT_SO_TIMEOUT);
return client;
}

/**
* 获取HttpClient连接，并设置相关参数
*
* @param logonSite
* @param logonPort
* @param protocol
* @return
*/
public static HttpClient getHttpClient(final String logonSite, final int logonPort, final String protocol)
{
HttpClient client = new HttpClient(new SimpleHttpConnectionManager(alwaysClose));
client.getHostConfiguration().setHost(logonSite, logonPort, protocol);
HttpConnectionManagerParams managerParams = client.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams();
// 设置连接超时时间(单位毫秒)
managerParams.setConnectionTimeout(HTTPCLIENT_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT);
// 设置读数据超时时间(单位毫秒)
managerParams.setSoTimeout(HTTPCLIENT_SO_TIMEOUT);
return client;
}

private static List<Header> getHeaders(Map<String, String> header)
{
List<Header> headers = new ArrayList<Header>();
boolean includeUserAgent = false;
if (null != header && false == header.isEmpty())
{
Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = header.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet)
{
if (false == includeUserAgent
&& "User-Agent".equals(entry.getKey()))
{
includeUserAgent = true;
}
headers.add(new Header(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}
}

if (false == includeUserAgent)
{
headers.add(new Header(
"User-Agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; GTB5; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Alexa Toolbar; MAXTHON 2.0)"));
}
return headers;
}

private static NameValuePair[] getPairs(Map<String, String> postData)
{
if (null == postData || postData.isEmpty())
{
return null;
}

Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = postData.entrySet();
int dataLength = entrySet.size();
NameValuePair[] pairs = new NameValuePair[dataLength];
int i = 0;
for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet)
{
pairs[i++] = new NameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
return pairs;
}

/**
* 请求网页内容信息
*
* @param httpClient
* @param reqUrl
* @param header
* @param postData
* @param encode
* @return
*/
public static String doRequest(HttpClient httpClient, String reqUrl,
Map<String, String> header, Map<String, String> postData, String encode)
{
String htmlContent = null;
if (null == httpClient)
{
return htmlContent;
}

// 请求编码设置
encode = (null == encode ? defaultEncode : encode);

// 头部请求信息
List<Header> headers = getHeaders(header);

System.out.println("[ " + DATE_FORMAT.format(new Date()) + " ] -- doRequest -- "+reqUrl);

// post方式
if (null != postData)
{
PostMethod postMethod = new EncodePostMethod(reqUrl, encode);
for (Header tempHeader : headers)
{
postMethod.setRequestHeader(tempHeader);
}

// post参数设置
NameValuePair[] params = getPairs(postData);
if (null != params)
{
postMethod.setRequestBody(params);
}

// 提取网页内容
htmlContent = executeMethod(httpClient, postMethod, encode, getWebSite(reqUrl));
}
else
{
GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(reqUrl);
for (Header tempHeader : headers)
{
getMethod.setRequestHeader(tempHeader);
}

// 提取网页内容
htmlContent = executeMethod(httpClient, getMethod, encode, null);
}
return htmlContent;
}

private static String getWebSite(String reqUrl)
{
String website = null;
if (null == reqUrl || reqUrl.isEmpty())
{
return website;
}

String prefix = "http://";
if (reqUrl.startsWith(prefix))
{
int index = reqUrl.substring(prefix.length()).indexOf("/") + prefix.length();
website = reqUrl.substring(0, index);
}
return website;
}

/**
* 通过HttpMethod 获取网页内容
*
* @param httpClient
* @param requestMethod
* @param encode
* @param website
* @return
*/
private static String executeMethod(HttpClient httpClient, HttpMethod requestMethod, String encode, String website)
{
String responseContent = null;
if (null == httpClient)
{
return responseContent;
}

// 判断是否请求加密数据
boolean dataEncrypt = false;
Header acceptEncoding = requestMethod.getRequestHeader("accept-encoding");
if (null != acceptEncoding
&& acceptEncoding.getValue().contains("gzip"))
{
dataEncrypt = true;
}

InputStream responseStream = null;
try
{
int status = httpClient.executeMethod(requestMethod);
if (HttpStatus.SC_OK == status)
{
responseStream = requestMethod.getResponseBodyAsStream();
responseContent = getContentByStream(dataEncrypt ? new GZIPInputStream(responseStream) : responseStream, encode);
responseStream.close();
}
// 返回代码为301,302,303,307时，表示页面己经重定向，则重新请求location的url，这在一些登录授权取cookie时很重要
else if (HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY == status
|| HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY == status
|| HttpStatus.SC_SEE_OTHER == status
|| HttpStatus.SC_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT == status)
{
//读取新的URL地址
Header header = requestMethod.getResponseHeader("location");
if (header != null)
{
String redirectUrl = header.getValue();
if (null != redirectUrl
&& false == redirectUrl.isEmpty())
{
responseContent = null;
if (null == redirectUrl || redirectUrl.isEmpty())
{
redirectUrl = "/";
}

if (false == redirectUrl.startsWith("http://")
&& null != website)
{
if (website.startsWith("/"))
{
redirectUrl = website + redirectUrl;
}
else
{
redirectUrl = website + "/" + redirectUrl;
}
}

GetMethod redirect = new GetMethod(redirectUrl);
Header referer = requestMethod.getRequestHeader("Referer");
if (null != referer)
{
redirect.addRequestHeader(referer);
}
Header cookie = requestMethod.getRequestHeader("Cookie");
if (null != cookie)
{
redirect.addRequestHeader(cookie);
}
status = httpClient.executeMethod(redirect);
if (HttpStatus.SC_OK == status)
{
responseStream = redirect.getResponseBodyAsStream();
responseContent = getContentByStream(responseStream, encode);
responseStream.close();
}
}

} // end-headers

} // end-status

} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
} finally
{
if (requestMethod != null)
{
requestMethod.releaseConnection();
}
}
return responseContent;
}

/**
* 按照指定编码从流中读取信息
*
* @param inStream
* @param encode
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String getContentByStream(InputStream inStream, String encode) throws IOException
{
if (null == inStream)
{
return null;
}

StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder();
// 采用指定编码格式读取流内容
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inStream, encode));
String message = null;
while (null != (message = reader.readLine()))
{
content.append(message);
content.append("\r\n");
}
// 关闭读取器，释放资源
reader.close();
return (content.toString());
}

/**
* 内部类，继承于PostMethod，用来指定Post请求编码格式
*/
public static class EncodePostMethod extends PostMethod
{
private String encode = null;

public EncodePostMethod(String url, String encode)
{
super(url);
this.encode = encode;
}

@Override
public String getRequestCharSet()
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return (this.encode);
}

}

/**
* 测试
*
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args)
{
//System.setProperty("http.proxyHost", "165.228.128.10");
//System.setProperty("http.proxyPort", "3128");
//System.setProperty("http.proxySet", "true");

String reqUrl = "http://news.39.net/jbyw/index.html";
reqUrl = "http://news.39.net/a/2010722/1404231.html";
Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<String, String>();
headers.put("Accept-Encoding", "gzip,deflate");

HttpClient httpClient = getHttpClient();
String htmlContent = doRequest(httpClient, reqUrl, headers, null, "gbk");
System.out.println(htmlContent);

}
}