python快速入门四(上) 之 正则表达式 异常处理 随机数

以下python代码主要用于向一个文件输出一组数据信息

#!/python

from random import randint, choice
from string import lowercase
from sys import maxint
from time import ctime
import time
import os
doms = ('com', 'edu', 'net', 'org', 'gov')

#file create

fname = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time())) + '_lch'

#if not os.path.exists(fname):
fobj = open(fname,'w')

for i in range(randint(5,10)):
    dtint = randint(0,maxint-1)
    dtstr = ctime(dtint)

    showter = randint(4,7)
    em = ''
    for j in range(showter):
        em += choice(lowercase)

    longer = randint(showter, 12)

    dn = ''
    for j in range(longer):
        dn += choice(lowercase)
    
    temp = '%s::%s@%s.%s::%d-%d-%d' % (dtstr, em, dn, choice(doms), dtint, showter, longer)
    
    print temp
    fobj.write('%s\n' % temp)
fobj.close()

文件名 2010-12-01_lch
输出信息如下（因为是随机的，可能不一样）：

Mon Mar 26 05:36:19 1984::[e-mail]::449098579-7-7
Thu Sep 11 01:34:17 2008::[e-mail]::1221068057-5-9
Tue May 04 03:54:38 1993::[e-mail]::736458878-4-6
Sat Oct 27 04:48:53 2029::[e-mail]::1887742133-4-10
Wed Mar 22 02:43:10 1972::[e-mail]::70051390-6-6
Fri Mar 08 13:23:53 2030::[e-mail]::1899177833-4-5
Sat Sep 25 23:27:34 2032::[e-mail]::1979738854-5-10
Fri Jan 11 10:10:08 2002::[e-mail]::1010715008-7-8
Thu Jan 04 13:37:52 2024::[e-mail]::1704346672-7-12
Tue Jan 03 17:12:38 2006::[e-mail]::1136279558-4-11

接下来我们通过这个程序来提取2010-12-01_lch文件的邮件地址信息

import re
fobj = open('2010-12-01_lch','r')

patt = '\w+@\w+\.(com|edu|net|org|gov)'
for eachLine in fobj.readlines():
    print re.search(patt, eachLine).group()
fobj.close() 

提取的邮件地址信息如下：

[e-mail]
[e-mail]
[e-mail]
[e-mail]
[e-mail]
[e-mail]
[e-mail]
[e-mail]
[e-mail]
[e-mail]

下面这段代码练习异常：

#!python
#
# myexc.py
#
import os, socket, errno, types, tempfile
from tempfile import mktemp
class NetworkError(IOError):
    pass

class FileError(IOError):
    pass

def upArgs(args, newarg=None):
    if isinstance(args, IOError):
        myargs = []
        myargs.extend([arg for arg in args])
    else:
        myargs = list(args)
    
    if newarg:
        myargs.append(newarg)
    return tuple(myargs)

def fileArgs(file, mode, args):
    if args[0] == errno.EACCES and 'access' in dir(os):
        perms = ''
        permd = {'r':os.R_OK, 'w':os.W_OK, 'x':os.X_OK}
        pkeys = permd.keys()
        pkeys.sort()
        pkeys.reverse()

        for eachPerm in 'rwx':
            if os.access(file, permd[eachPerm]):
                perms += eachPerm
            else:
                perms +='-'
            
        if isinstance(args, IOError):
            myargs = []
            myargs.extend([arg for arg in args])
        else:
            myargs = list(args)
    
        myargs[1] = "'%s' %s (perms: '%s')" % (mode, myargs[1], perms)
    
        myargs.append(args.filename)
    
    else:
        myargs = args
        
    return tuple(myargs)
    
def myconnect(sock, host, port):
    try:
        sock.connect((host, port))
    except socket.error, args:
        myargs = upArgs(args)
        if len(myargs) == 1:
            myargs = (errno.ENXIO, myargs[0])

    raise NetworkError, upArgs(myargs, host +':'+str(port))        
    
def myopen(file, mode='r'):
    try:
        fo = open(file, mode)
    except IOError, args:
        raise FileError, fileArgs(file, mode, args)
    return fo

def testfile():
      file = mktemp()
      f = open(file, 'w')
      f.close()

      for eachTest in ((0, 'r'), (0100, 'r'),
              (0400, 'w'), (0500, 'w')):
          try:
              os.chmod(file, eachTest[0])
              f = myopen(file, eachTest[1])

          except FileError, args:
              print "%s: %s" % \
                  (args.__class__.__name__, args)
          else:
              print file, "opened ok... perm ignored"
              f.close()

      os.chmod(file, 0777)    # enable all perms
      os.unlink(file)

def testnet():
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    for eachHost in ('deli', 'www'):
        try:
            myconnect(s,'192.1.9.125',80)
        except NetworkError, args:
            print "%s: %s" % (args.__class__.__name__, args)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    testnet()
    testfile()  

下面这一段主要是我在写这些小的练习时的一些随笔（都写在了一个文件里面了）

#import string
#for x in range(1, 11):
#    print string.rjust('x', 2)

#import os
#fobj = open('text.txt','w')
#fobj.writelines('test')
#fobj.close()



#import time
#print time.time() 
#print time.localtime(time.time())
#print time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time()))


import re
patt = '\w+@\w+\.(com|gov|edu|net|org)'
temp = 'Mon Mar 26 05:36:19 1984::[e-mail]::449098579-7-7'

print re.search(patt,temp).group()