http.conf解析说明

#
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2> for detailed information.
# In particular, see
# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/directives.html>
# for a discussion of each configuration directive.
#这是apache HTTP服务器最主要的配置文件，它包含服务器的影响服务器运行的配置指令。
#参见<URL:http://httpd.ache.org/doc-2.0/>以取得关于这些指令的详细信息
#特殊情况见：http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/directives.html对每个配置指令的讨论.(一些特殊模块的配置)
#
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do.  They're here only as hints or reminders.  If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned. 
# 不要只是简单的阅读这些指令信息而不去理解它。
# 这里只是做了简单的说明，如果你没有参考在线文件，你就会被警告。
#
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
# server will use that explicit path.  If the filenames do *not* begin
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"
# with ServerRoot set to "C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2" # will be interpreted by the
# server as "C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2/logs/foo.log".
# 配置和日志文件名：如果你指定的文件名以“/”开始（win32下以“dirver:/”），
# 服务器将使用绝对路径，如果文件名不是以“/”开始的，那么它将把ServerRoot
# 的值附加在文件名的前面，例如，对“logs/foo.log"，如果ServerRoot的值
# 为“/usr/local/apache2”，则该文件应为“/usr/local/apache2/logs/foo.log”
#
# NOTE: Where filenames are specified, you must use forward slashes
# instead of backslashes (e.g., "c:/apache" instead of "c:\apache").
# If a drive letter is omitted, the drive on which httpd.exe is located
# will be used by default.  It is recommended that you always supply
# an explicit drive letter in absolute paths to avoid confusion.
# 注：在文件名的定义中，必须用反斜杠代替斜杠（比如："c:/apache"代替"c:\apache"）
# 如果省略的盘符号，默认使用httpd.exe所在的目录。
# 建议您始终提供一个明确的绝对路径的驱动器号，以避免混乱。
#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
# ServerRoot:指出服务器保存其配置、出错和日志文件等的根目录。
#
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path.  If you point
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to point the LockFile directive
# at a local disk.  If you wish to share the same ServerRoot for multiple
# httpd daemons, you will need to change at least LockFile and PidFile.
#不要在ServerRoot路径后面添加斜杠。如果你指定的ServerRoot不在本地磁盘。
#
#
#
ServerRoot "C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2"

#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
# directive.
#允许你绑定Apache服务到指定的IP地址和端口上，以取代默认值。参见<VirtualHost>指令。
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 80

#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
# 动态共享支持（DSO）
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
# to be loaded here.
#为了能够使用那些以DSO模式编译的模块中的函数，你必须有相应的“LoadModule”行， 
# 因此，在这里包含了这些指令，以便能在使用它之前激活。 
# 那些静态编译的模块不需要在这里列出 (即以“httpd -l”列出的模块) 

#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
#
LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so
LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so
LoadModule asis_module modules/mod_asis.so
LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so
#LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so
#LoadModule authn_alias_module modules/mod_authn_alias.so
#LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so
#LoadModule authn_dbd_module modules/mod_authn_dbd.so
#LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so
LoadModule authn_default_module modules/mod_authn_default.so
LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so
#LoadModule authnz_ldap_module modules/mod_authnz_ldap.so
#LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so
LoadModule authz_default_module modules/mod_authz_default.so
LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so
LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so
#LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so
LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so
LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so
#LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so
#LoadModule cern_meta_module modules/mod_cern_meta.so
LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so
#LoadModule charset_lite_module modules/mod_charset_lite.so
#LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
#LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so
#LoadModule dav_lock_module modules/mod_dav_lock.so
#LoadModule dbd_module modules/mod_dbd.so
#LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so
LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so
#LoadModule disk_cache_module modules/mod_disk_cache.so
#LoadModule dumpio_module modules/mod_dumpio.so
LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so
#LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so
#LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so
#LoadModule file_cache_module modules/mod_file_cache.so
#LoadModule filter_module modules/mod_filter.so
LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so
#LoadModule ident_module modules/mod_ident.so
#LoadModule imagemap_module modules/mod_imagemap.so
LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so
#LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so
LoadModule isapi_module modules/mod_isapi.so
#LoadModule ldap_module modules/mod_ldap.so
#LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so
LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so
#LoadModule log_forensic_module modules/mod_log_forensic.so
#LoadModule mem_cache_module modules/mod_mem_cache.so
LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so
#LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so
LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
#LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
#LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
#LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
#LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
#LoadModule reqtimeout_module modules/mod_reqtimeout.so
#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so
#LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so
#LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
#LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so
#LoadModule substitute_module modules/mod_substitute.so
#LoadModule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.so
#LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so
#LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so
#LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so
#LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so

<IfModule !mpm_netware_module>
<IfModule !mpm_winnt_module>
#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch. 
# 如果你想使httpd以另外的用户或组来运行，你必须在开始时以root方式启动
# 然后再将它切换为你想要使用的用户或组。
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
# User/Group:运行httpd的用户和组


User daemon
Group daemon

</IfModule>
</IfModule>

# 'Main' server configuration
# “主”服务配置
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
# <VirtualHost> definition.  These values also provide defaults for
# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
# 这一区建立被 “主” 服务器用的指令值,以回应那些不被 <VirtualHost>
# 定义处理的任何请求。
# 这些数值也提供默认值给后面定义的<VirtualHost>容器。
#
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
# virtual host being defined.
# 如果<VirtualHost>中有定义，那么这里定义的指令值将被
# <VirtualHost>中的定义所覆盖。

#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed.  This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents.  e.g. [e-mail]
# ServerAdmin:你的邮件地址，当发生问题时Apache将向你发出邮件。
# 作为一个出错文档，这个地址显示在server-generated页上，
# 例如：[e-mail]
#


# 虚拟主机: 如果希望在一台服务器上实现多个域名和主机名的服务，
# 可设置VirtualHost来实现。Most configurations
# 大部分的设置使用基于名称的虚拟主机，这样服务器就不必为IP地址操心。
# 这些用星号在下面的标识中标出。


# 使用基于名称的虚拟主机
NameVirtualHost *


# 虚拟主机实例:
# 几乎所有的Apache标识都可用于虚拟主机内。
# 第一个VirtualHost部分用于申请一个无重复的服务器名。
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "C:/apache-tomcat-6.0.18/webapps/ROOT/website/ikfjk"
ServerName localhost
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "C:/apache-tomcat-6.0.18/webapps/icfcms/website/bjfj"
ServerName duanyunxi
</VirtualHost>





#ServerAdmin [e-mail]

#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
# ServerName指定Apache用于识别自身的名字和端口号。
# 通常这个值是自动指定的，但是我们推荐你显式的指定它以防止启动时出错
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
# 如果你的主机没有注册DNS名，在这里键入它的IP地址
#
#ServerName 192.168.1.118:80

#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
# DocumentRoot:你的文档的根目录。默认情况下，所有的请求从这个目录进行应答。
# 但是可以使用符号链接和别名来指向到其他的位置
#
#DocumentRoot "E:/apache-tomcat-6.0.18/webapps/ROOT/website/ikfjk"

#
# Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect
# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that
# directory (and its subdirectories).
# Apache可以存取的每个目录都可以配置存取权限（包括它的子目录）。
#
# First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of
# features. 
# 首先，我们配置一个缺省高限制的特征。
#
#<Directory />
#    Options FollowSymLinks
#    AllowOverride None
#    Order allow,deny
#    Allow from all
#</Directory>
#置/目录的指令。具体地说明：
#Option：定义在目录内所能执行的操作。
#None：表示只能浏览，
#FollowSymLinks：允许页面连接到别处，
#ExecCGI：允许执行CGI，
#MultiViews：允许看动画或是听音乐之类的操作，
#Indexes：允许服务器返回目录的格式化列表，
#Includes：允许使用SSI。这些设置可以复选。
#All：则可以做任何事，但不包括MultiViews。
#AllowOverride：加None参数表示任何人都可以浏览该目录下的文件。

#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
# 注意从这里开始你一定要明确地允许哪些特别的特征能够被使用。
# - 所以，如果Apache没有象你所期待的那样工作的话,
# 请检查你是否在下面明确的指定它可用。


#
# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.
# 这将改变到你设置的DocumentRoot
#
#<Directory "E:/apache-tomcat-6.0.18/webapps/ROOT/website/ikfjk">
    #
    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
    # or any combination of:
    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
    # Options：这个指令的值可以是“None”，“All”，或者下列选项的任意组合：
    # Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews


    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
    # doesn't give it to you.
    # 注意，“MultiViews”必须被显式的指定，“Options All”不能为你提供这个特性。
    #
    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options
    # for more information.
    # 这个指令既复杂又重要，请参见
    #“http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core.html#optioins”以取得更多的信息。
   
    # Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    #
    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
    # AllowOverride控制那些被放置在.htaccess文件中的指令。
    # 它可以是“All”，“None”，或者下列指令的组合：

    # AllowOverride None

    #
    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.
    # 控制谁可以获得服务。
   
    #Order allow,deny
    #Allow from all

#</Directory>

#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
# DirectoryIndex:定义请求是一个目录时，Apache向用户提供服务的文件名

#
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html
#定义首先显示的文件
</IfModule>


#UserDir E:/apache-tomcat-6.0.18/webapps/ROOT/website/ikfjk
# UserDir:指定在得到一个~user请求时将会添加到用户home目录后的目录名。



# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
# 下面的行防止.htaccess和.htpasswd文件被Web客户查看。
#
<FilesMatch "^\.ht">
    Order allow,deny
    Deny from all
    Satisfy All
</FilesMatch>

#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
# ErrorLog:错误日志文件定位。
# 如果你没有在<VirtualHost>内定义ErrorLog指令，这个虚拟主机的错误信息
# 将记录在这里。如果你在那儿定义了ErrorLog，这些错误信息将记录在你所
# 定义的文件里，而不是这儿定义的文件。
ErrorLog "logs/error.log"

#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
# LogLevel:控制记录在错误日志文件中的日志信息数量。
# 可能的值包括：debug，info，notice，warn，error，crit，alert，emerg。
#
LogLevel warn

<IfModule log_config_module>
    #
    # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
    # a CustomLog directive (see below).
    # 下面的指令为CustomLog指令定义格式别名。
    #
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

    <IfModule logio_module>
      # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
      # 你需要安装了mod_logio.c模块才能使用%I和%O。
      LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
    </IfModule>

    #
    # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
    # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
    # container, they will be logged here.  Contrariwise, if you *do*
    # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
    # logged therein and *not* in this file.
    # 指定接入日志文件的定位和格式（一般日志格式）。
    # 如果你没有在<VirtualHost>内定义这个指令，传输信息将记录在这里，
    # 如果你定义了这个指令，则记录在你指定的位置，而不是这儿定义的位置。
    #
    CustomLog "logs/access.log" common

    #
    # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
    # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
    # 如果你想要使用一个文件记录access，agent和referer信息，
    # 你可以如下定义这个指令：

    #
    #CustomLog "logs/access.log" combined
</IfModule>

<IfModule alias_module>
    #
    # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to
    # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client
    # will make a new request for the document at its new location.
    # Example:
    # Redirect permanent /foo http://localhost/bar

    #
    # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
    # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
    # Example:
    # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
    #
    # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
    # require it to be present in the URL.  You will also likely
    # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
    # the filesystem path.

    #
    # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
    # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
    # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
    # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
    # client.  The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
    # directives as to Alias.
    # ScriptAlias:指定包含服务脚本的目录。
    # ScriptAliases 本质上与Aliases一样，除了这里的文档在请求时做为程序处理处理以外。
    # 尾部的“/”规则与Alias一样

    #
    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2/cgi-bin/"

</IfModule>

<IfModule cgid_module>
    #
    # ScriptSock: On threaded servers, designate the path to the UNIX
    # socket used to communicate with the CGI daemon of mod_cgid.
    #
    #Scriptsock logs/cgisock
</IfModule>

#
# "C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
<Directory "C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2/cgi-bin">
    AllowOverride None
    Options None
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all
</Directory>

#
# DefaultType: the default MIME type the server will use for a document
# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.
# If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is
# a good value.  If most of your content is binary, such as applications
# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to
# keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are
# text.
# DefaultType:定义当不能确定MIME类型时服务器提供的默认MIME类型。
# 如果你的服务主要包含text或HTML文档，“text/plain”是一个好的选择；
# 如果大多是二进制文档，诸如软件或图像，你应使用
# “application/octer-stream”来防止浏览器象显示文本那样显示二进制文件。
#
DefaultType text/plain

<IfModule mime_module>
    #
    # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
    # filename extension to MIME-type.
    # Typeconfig:定义在哪里查询mime.types文件。
    #
    TypesConfig conf/mime.types

    #
    # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
    # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
    # AddType允许你为指定的文件类型添加或覆盖mime.types文件中配置的MIME
    #
    #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
    #
    # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
    # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
    #
    #AddEncoding x-compress .Z
    #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
    #
    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

    #
    # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
    # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
    # or added with the Action directive (see below)
    #
    # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
    # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
    # AddHandler允许你映射确定的文件扩展名到“handlers”:
    # 与文件类型无关的行为。这既能编译到服务器中也可以添加到Action指令
    # 中（看下面）。
    # 为了在ScriptAliased指令指定的以外使用CGI脚本：
    #（要使它可用，你还需要在Options中添加“ExecCGI”。

    # For type maps (negotiated resources):
    #AddHandler type-map var

    #
    # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
    #
    # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
    # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddType text/html .shtml
    #AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>

#
# The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
# contents of the file itself to determine its type.  The MIMEMagicFile
# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
# mod_mime_magic允许服务器从自己定义自己类型的文件中使用不同的线索（hints），
# 这个MIMEMagicFile指令定义hints定义所在的文件。

#
#MIMEMagicFile conf/magic

#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 可配置的错误应答有三种风格：
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://localhost/subscription_info.html
#

#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it,
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall is used to deliver
# files.  This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
# broken on your system.
# EnableMMAP:控制是否进行内存转储（如果操作系统支持的话）。
# 默认为on，如果你的服务器安装在网络文件系统上（NFS），请关闭它。
# EnableSendfile:控制是否使用sendfile kernel支持发送文件

#
#EnableMMAP off
#EnableSendfile off

# Supplemental configuration
#
# The configuration files in the conf/extra/ directory can be
# included to add extra features or to modify the default configuration of
# the server, or you may simply copy their contents here and change as
# necessary.

# Server-pool management (MPM specific)
#Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf

# Multi-language error messages
#Include conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf

# Fancy directory listings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf

# Language settings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf

# User home directories
#Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf

# Real-time info on requests and configuration
#Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf

# Virtual hosts
#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

# Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual
#Include conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf

# Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV)
#Include conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf

# Various default settings
#Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf

# Secure (SSL/TLS) connections
#Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
#
# Note: The following must must be present to support
#       starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent
#       but a statically compiled-in mod_ssl.
#
<IfModule ssl_module>
SSLRandomSeed startup builtin
SSLRandomSeed connect builtin
</IfModule>