OpenNMS扩展 – SNMP报表配置

SNMP报表的显示主要由两个文件，datacollection-config.xml与snmp-graph.properties。

定制SNMP图形报表主要步骤如下：

1. 通过SNMP获取数据(datacollection-config.xml)

在datacollection-config.xml文件中定义OID捕获数据，在此例中将捕获系统中CPU的占用情况(蓝色字体部分)：

<group name = "windows-host" ifType = "ignore">

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.3.3.1.2" instance="1" alias="cpuPercentBusy" type="integer" />

<!-- Drive information is from the hrStorage table. -->

<!-- I'm cheating and assuming that the second and third -->

<!-- entries refer to Drive_C and Drive_D -->

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.3" instance="2" alias="hrDescDisk2" type="string"/>

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.4" instance="2" alias="hrUnitsDisk2" type="integer" />

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.5" instance="2" alias="hrSizeDisk2" type="integer" />

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.6" instance="2" alias="hrUsedDisk2" type="integer" />

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.3" instance="3" alias="hrDescDisk3" type="string"/>

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.4" instance="3" alias="hrUnitsDisk3" type="integer" />

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.5" instance="3" alias="hrSizeDisk3" type="integer" />

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.6" instance="3" alias="hrUsedDisk3" type="integer" />

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.3" instance="4" alias="hrDescDisk4" type="string"/>

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.4" instance="4" alias="hrUnitsDisk4" type="integer" />

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.5" instance="4" alias="hrSizeDisk4" type="integer" />

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.6" instance="4" alias="hrUsedDisk4" type="integer" />

<!-- Memory in KBytes -->

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.2" instance="0" alias="memorySize" type="integer" />

<!-- the total system's CPU resources consumed -->

<!—instance表示OID索引位置，alias表示别名 -->

<mibObj oid=".1.3.6.1.2.1.25.5.1.1.1" instance="1" alias="hrSWRunPerfCPU" type="integer" />

</group>

请注意，确保给定的OID能够在系统中找到，否则将不会产生RRDTool文件（RRDTool文件通常存储在$OPENNMS_HOME/share/rrd/snmp/目录下），可通过snmpget检测是否可以找到此OID。

[root@localhost /]# snmpget -v 1 -c public 192.168.6.21 .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.5.1.1.1.1

HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrSWRunPerfCPU.1 = INTEGER: 482801

2. 编辑SNMP图形属性文件(snmp-graph.properties)

2.1 检查RRDTOOL数据文件

定制的图形报表需定义如下属性：

l 名字(name)：用来显示报表的名字。

l 列(colunms):显示RRDTool文件中的数据。

l 类型（type）:如果状态跟每个网络接口有关联，则使用“interface”类型,如果影响整个结点的，则使用“node”类型。

一种获取RRDTool文件信息的方法是采用rrdtool info 命令行的方式，如下：

[root@localhost 13]# rrdtool info hrSWRunPerfCPU.rrd

filename = "hrSWRunPerfCPU.rrd"

rrd_version = "0001"

step = 300

last_update = 1211338458

ds[hrSWRunPerfCPU].type = "GAUGE"

ds[hrSWRunPerfCPU].minimal_heartbeat = 600

ds[hrSWRunPerfCPU].min = NaN

ds[hrSWRunPerfCPU].max = NaN

ds[hrSWRunPerfCPU].last_ds = "UNKN"

ds[hrSWRunPerfCPU].value = 3.5009052000e+08

ds[hrSWRunPerfCPU].unknown_sec = 0

rra[0].cf = "AVERAGE"

rra[0].rows = 8928

rra[0].pdp_per_row = 1

rra[0].xff = 5.0000000000e-01

rra[0].cdp_prep[0].value = NaN

rra[0].cdp_prep[0].unknown_datapoints = 0

rra[1].cf = "AVERAGE"

rra[1].rows = 8784

rra[1].pdp_per_row = 12

rra[1].xff = 5.0000000000e-01

rra[1].cdp_prep[0].value = 1.0469351560e+07

rra[1].cdp_prep[0].unknown_datapoints = 0

rra[2].cf = "MIN"

rra[2].rows = 8784

rra[2].pdp_per_row = 12

rra[2].xff = 5.0000000000e-01

rra[2].cdp_prep[0].value = 7.9226661000e+05

rra[2].cdp_prep[0].unknown_datapoints = 0

rra[3].cf = "MAX"

rra[3].rows = 8784

rra[3].pdp_per_row = 12

rra[3].xff = 5.0000000000e-01

rra[3].cdp_prep[0].value = 1.3079840700e+06

rra[3].cdp_prep[0].unknown_datapoints = 0

如果由于某种原因，如果rrdtool数据文件的一部分没有定义或没有数据，则相应的图形也将不会显示在Web上。

记得随时检查rrdtool数据文件的内容，输入：

rrdtool dump hrSWRunPerfCPU.rrd（按日期显示大量采集的数据）

2.2 添加图形定义

可以随时检查定义生成的数据文件产生的图形显示效果，用RRDTool图形生成命令行可以做到：

rrdtool graph hrSWRunPerfCPU.png --title " The total system's CPU resources consumed " --vertical-label \

Days "DEF:timeticks=hrSWRunPerfCPU.rrd:hrSWRunPerfCPU:AVERAGE" \

"CDEF:days=timeticks,8640000,/" AREA:days#FF0000:"Days" \

GPRINT:days:AVERAGE:"Avg \\:%8.1lf%s" GPRINT:days:MIN:"Min \\:%8.1lf%s" \

GPRINT:days:MAX:"Max \\:%8.1lf%s"

如下是snmp-graph.properties文件中hrSWRunPerfCPU图形报表属性配置：

report.microsoft.hrSWRunPerfCPU.name=CPU resources consumed

report.microsoft.hrSWRunPerfCPU.columns=hrSWRunPerfCPU

report.microsoft.hrSWRunPerfCPU.type=node

report.microsoft.hrSWRunPerfCPU.command=--title="The total system's CPU resources consumed" \

--vertical-label Days \

DEF:hrSWRunPerfCPU={rrd1}:hrSWRunPerfCPU:AVERAGE \

CDEF:days=hrSWRunPerfCPU,8640000,/ \

AREA:days#FF0000:"Days" \

GPRINT:days:AVERAGE:"Avg \\: %8.1lf %s" \

GPRINT:days:MIN:"Min \\: %8.1lf %s" \

GPRINT:days:MAX:"Max \\: %8.1lf %s" \

如果，定义的其中report.microsoft.hrSWRunPerfCPU.columns=hrSWRunPerfCPU中的hrSWRunPerfCPU是datacollection-config.xml文件中MIB的别名。报表的定义的key规则：report.+reports key中定义的报表名称+属性。

3. 添加新报表到报表属性

最后，为了显示产生的报表，需要在snmp-graph.properties文件的reports key 中添加microsoft.hrSWRunPerfCPU，并加逗号与\结束。

#report keys, list ALL prefab reports here!

reports=mib2.bits, mib2.discards, mib2.errors, mib2.HCbits, mib2.packets, \

mib2.tcpopen, mib2.tcperrs, mib2.tcpsegs, \

mib2.traffic-inout, \

mib2.ups-amp, mib2.ups-charge, mib2.ups-temp, mib2.ups-time, mib2.ups-volt, \

mib2printer.lifeCount, mib2printer.powerOnCount, \

apc.load, apc.percent, apc.temp, apc.time, apc.vac, \

checkpoint.pktsAccepted, checkpoint.pktsDropped, checkpoint.pktsLogged, checkpoint.pktsRejected, \

cisco.altigaactsess, cisco.altigacpu, cisco.altigafanspeed, cisco.altigatemp, \

cisco.altigatput, cisco.altigavoltage, cisco.altiga3volt, cisco.altiga5volt, \

cisco.avgbusy5, cisco.bufferfails, cisco.buffhits, cisco.buffmiss, \

cisco.ccmcti, cisco.ccmgs, cisco.ccmgw, cisco.ccmmd, cisco.ccmphones, \

cisco.ccmps, cisco.ccmvm, \

cisco.cike-bits, cisco.cike-dn, cisco.cike-fail, cisco.cike-init, cisco.cike-pkts, \

cisco.cike-p2ex, cisco.cike-p2exinv, cisco.cike-p2exrej, cisco.cike-tunnels, \

cisco.dropsin, cisco.dropsout, cisco.freemem, \

cisco.firewall, cisco.memory, \

cisco.pkts, cisco.protoin, cisco.protoout, cisco.temp, \

cisco.4bb, cisco.80bb, cisco.256bb, cisco.1550bb, \

extreme.currentTemp, \

foundry.actualTemp, foundry.cpuUtil1Min, foundry.dynMemUtil, \

hp.swbuffcorrupt, hp.swbufferfree, hp.swbufferinit, hp.swbuffermin, \

hp.swbuffermiss, hp.swbuffersize, hp.swfreemem, hp.switchcpu, hp.swmemalloc, hp.swtotalmem, \

hpux.cpu, hpux.memory, hpux.numFsMounted, hpux.numProcs, hpux.numUsers, hpux.swap, \

juniper.bufferPoolUtil, juniper.cpu, juniper.temp, \

mge.ambtemp, mge.ambhumid, mge.current, mge.level, mge.temp, mge.time, mge.voltage, \

microsoft.cpuPercentBusy, microsoft.hrDisk2, microsoft.hrDisk3, microsoft.hrDisk4, microsoft.hrSWRunPerfCPU, \

netsnmp.context, \

netsnmp.disk1, netsnmp.disk1percent, netsnmp.disk2, netsnmp.disk2percent, \

netsnmp.disk3, netsnmp.disk3percent, netsnmp.disk4, netsnmp.disk4percent, netsnmp.disk5, netsnmp.disk5percent, \

netsnmp.hrMemory, netsnmp.hrNumUsers, netsnmp.interrupts, \

netsnmp.hrSystemUptime, netsnmp.loadavg, netsnmp.swapinout, \

netBotz.air, netBotz.humid, netBotz.temp, \

nortel.kernelmem, nortel.kerneltasks, \

novell.cacheBuffers, novell.codeDataMemory, novell.diskSpaceSys, \

novell.diskSpaceVol2, novell.licensedConnections, novell.numberOfNLMsLoaded, novell.openFiles, \

sinf.availmem, sinf.mempool, sinf.paging, sinf.processes, sinf.sysmem, \

sinf.cpu0percent, sinf.cpu1percent, sinf.cpu2percent, sinf.cpu3percent, sinf.cputotalpercent, \

sinf.diskfreeC, sinf.diskfreeD, sinf.diskfreeE, sinf.diskfreetotal, \

sinf.exchange-is.vmfreeblks, sinf.exchange-is.users, \

sun.cpuTime, sun.diskxfer, sun.interrupts, sun.packets, sun.paging, sun.procs, \

sun.swap, sun.swapping, \

netsnmp.memStats, \

netsnmp.cpuStats, \

netsnmp.connectNums

我们定义的报表是microsoft.hrSWRunPerfCPU,如果没有在这里定义，当试图运行这个性能报表时，将会在Web页面上抛出一个异常：

Missing Parameter

The request you made was incomplete. It was missing the report parameter.

The following parameters are required:

report

node

4. 重启Tomcat与OpenNMS

su - tomcat -c "/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh"

/usr/local/opennms/source/work/bin/opennms.sh restart

大约过一两分钟RDD数据文件就会生成。

如果只是修改snmp-graph.properties文件，则不需重启OpenNMS，因为报表程序每次会重新读取此文件。