dbms_job和dbms_ijob

工作中可能遇到这样的情况，在A用户下有一个不用的job，但是dba不知道A用户的密码，怎么删除这个job呢。

相信大部分人都会尝试在sys用户下用dbms_job.remove()命令去删除它，但是会报错
sys用户下
SQL> exec dbms_job.remove(70);
BEGIN dbms_job.remove(70); END;

*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-23421: job number 70 is not a job in the job queue
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_ERROR", line 86
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_IJOB", line 680
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_JOB", line 174
ORA-06512: at line 1


还是在sys用户下，使用dbms_ijob.remove()就可以删除
SQL>  exec dbms_ijob.remove(70);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.


那么，到底dbms_job和dbms_ijob到底怎么用，彼此有什么区别呢？下面用实验证明。

一、sys用户使用dbms_ijob为hou用户创建job
1.查看dbms_ijob.submit的书写格式

sys用户下desc dbms_ijob

PROCEDURE SUBMIT
Argument Name               Type               In/Out Default?
------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
JOB                    BINARY_INTEGER          IN
LUSER                    VARCHAR2          IN    -->     Login user when the job was submitted
PUSER                    VARCHAR2          IN    -->   User whose default privileges apply to this job
CUSER                    VARCHAR2          IN    -->   schema_user
NEXT_DATE               DATE               IN
INTERVAL               VARCHAR2          IN
BROKEN                BOOLEAN           IN
WHAT                    VARCHAR2          IN    -->procedure
NLSENV                VARCHAR2          IN
ENV                    RAW               IN


2.hou用户下创建一个简单存储过程
SQL> conn hou/ 
Enter password:
Connected.
SQL>  create table test(a date);

Table created.

SQL> create or replace procedure pro_insert_date as
begin
insert into test values(sysdate);
end;
/  2    3    4    5

Procedure created.


3.sys用户为hou创建5号job
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> begin
dbms_ijob.submit(5,'HOU','HOU','HOU',
to_date('2012-09-29 12:30:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),'sysdate+1',false,'pro_insert_date;',
'NLS_LANGUAGE=''SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'' NLS_TERRITORY=''CHINA'' NLS_CURRENCY=''￥'' NLS_ISO_CURRENCY=''CHINA'' NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS=''.,'' NLS_DATE_FORMAT=''yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'' NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE=''SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'' NLS_SORT=''BINARY''',
'0102000200000000');
commit;
end;
/
匿名块已完成


或者写成
begin
dbms_ijob.submit(5,'HOU','HOU','HOU',
to_date('2012-09-29 12:30:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),'sysdate+1',false,'pro_insert_date;',
'NLS_LANGUAGE=''SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'' NLS_TERRITORY=''CHINA'' '||
'NLS_CURRENCY=''￥'' NLS_ISO_CURRENCY=''CHINA'' '||
'NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS=''.,'' '||
'NLS_DATE_FORMAT=''YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'' '||
'NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE=''SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'' NLS_SORT=''BINARY'' ',
'0102000200000000');
commit;
end;
/



注意：1.dbms_ijob.submit创建job时，只能手动指定job号。
      2.书写顺序要按照上面的顺序。
      3.用户名一定要大写。

注意：上面两条写法是在sql developer中能够执行成功。在sqlplus下无法执行成功，由于涉及到中文货币符号，在这里也就是NLS_CURRENCY=''￥''。
想要在sqlplus下执行成功，将￥换成$即可。至于如何能够在sqlplus下使用中文货币符号，还需要再研究。



4.登录到hou用户查看5号job的情况
SQL> conn hou/
Enter password:
Connected.
SQL> select job,what,LOG_USER,PRIV_USER,SCHEMA_USER,to_char(last_date,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),to_char(next_date,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),interval,broken,failures from user_jobs;

       JOB WHAT                  LOG_USER   PRIV_USER     SCHEMA_USE TO_CHAR(LAST_DATE,' TO_CHAR(NEXT_DATE,' INTERVAL          B   FAILURES
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------- ------------------- -------------------- - ----------
     5 pro_insert_date;            HOU          HOU     HOU        2012-09-29 14:42:14 2012-09-30 14:42:14 sysdate+1          N        0



可以看到,sys用户通过dbms_ijob已经为hou用户创建了job。


二、执行5号job
1.在hou用户下
SQL> conn hou
Enter password:
Connected.
SQL> exec dbms_job.run(5);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

2.在sys用户下执行
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> exec dbms_ijob.run(5);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.


sys通过dbms_ijob.submit为其他用户创建的job，sys和job所在的用户都可以执行。



三、修改job
1.hou用户修改job的执行间隔时间（interval）和下次执行时间(next_day)
SQL> exec dbms_job.interval(5,'sysdate+2');

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

查看job情况
SQL>  select job,what,LOG_USER,PRIV_USER,SCHEMA_USER,to_char(last_date,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),to_char(next_date,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),interval,broken,failures from user_jobs;

       JOB WHAT                  LOG_USER   PRIV_USER     SCHEMA_USE TO_CHAR(LAST_DATE,' TO_CHAR(NEXT_DATE,' INTERVAL          B   FAILURES
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------- ------------------- -------------------- - ----------
     5 pro_insert_date;            HOU          HOU     HOU        2012-09-29 14:45:50 2012-09-30 14:45:50 sysdate+2          N        0


修改next_day
SQL> exec dbms_job.next_date(5,sysdate+1/24);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.





2.sys用户
SQL> exec dbms_ijob.interval(5,'sysdate+2');

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.


修改next_day
SQL>  exec dbms_ijob.next_date(5,sysdate+5);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.



四.中断job
1.hou用户
SQL> exec dbms_job.broken(5,true);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL>
SQL>  select job,what,LOG_USER,PRIV_USER,SCHEMA_USER,to_char(last_date,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),to_char(next_date,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),interval,broken,failures from user_jobs;

       JOB WHAT                  LOG_USER   PRIV_USER     SCHEMA_USE TO_CHAR(LAST_DATE,' TO_CHAR(NEXT_DATE,' INTERVAL          B   FAILURES
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------- ------------------- -------------------- - ----------
     5 pro_insert_date;            HOU          HOU     HOU        2012-09-29 14:45:50 4000-01-01 00:00:00 sysdate+2          Y        0


2.sys用户
SQL> exec dbms_ijob.broken(5,true);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> conn hou
Enter password:
Connected.
SQL>  select job,what,LOG_USER,PRIV_USER,SCHEMA_USER,to_char(last_date,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),to_char(next_date,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),interval,broken,failures from user_jobs;

       JOB WHAT                  LOG_USER   PRIV_USER     SCHEMA_USE TO_CHAR(LAST_DATE,' TO_CHAR(NEXT_DATE,' INTERVAL          B   FAILURES
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------- ------------------- -------------------- - ----------
     5 pro_insert_date;            HOU          HOU     HOU        2012-09-29 14:45:50 4000-01-01 00:00:00 sysdate+2          Y        0


五.删除job
1.hou用户
SQL> exec dbms_job.remove(5);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> select job,what,LOG_USER,PRIV_USER,SCHEMA_USER,to_char(last_date,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),to_char(next_date,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),interval,broken,failures from user_jobs;

no rows selected


2.sys用户
SQL> exec dbms_ijob.remove(5);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.


SQL> conn hou
Enter password:
Connected.
SQL> select job,what,LOG_USER,PRIV_USER,SCHEMA_USER,to_char(last_date,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),to_char(next_date,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),interval,broken,failures from user_jobs;

no rows selected



总结：
1.dbms_job只能在当期用户内创建job、修改和删除job，不能对其他用户的job进行操作;sys用户也无法用dbms_job管理其他用户的job。
2.dbms_ijob只能由sys用户去执行，拥有DBA权限的用户都没有权限去执行它。
3.通过dbms_ijob sys用户可以给其他用户创建job，且job在该用户下，在该用户内可以通过user_jobs视图看到。
4.通过dbms_ijob sys用户能够对其他用户中的job进行删除、修改。
5.sys用户通过dbms_ijob给X用户创建job，那么X用户对该job拥有修改和删除的权限。


dbms_ijob书写格式：
1.创建job
begin
dbms_ijob.submit(jobnu,' LUSER  ',' PUSER ',' CUSER ',
next day,'interval',false,'procedure_name;',
'NLS_LANGUAGE=''SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'' NLS_TERRITORY=''CHINA'' '||
'NLS_CURRENCY=''￥'' NLS_ISO_CURRENCY=''CHINA'' '||
'NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS=''.,'' '||
'NLS_DATE_FORMAT=''YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'' '||
'NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE=''SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'' NLS_SORT=''BINARY'' ',
'0102000200000000');
commit;
end;
/

2.执行job
exec dbms_ijob.run(jobnumber);

3.修改job的间隔时间（interval）
exec dbms_ijob.interval(5,'sysdate+2');

4.修改job的下次执行时间
exec dbms_ijob.next_date(5,sysdate+5);

5.中断job
exec dbms_ijob.broken(5,true);

6.删除job
exec dbms_ijob.remove(5);



此篇转载自http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23284114-id-3347118.html