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孤星119：
好熟悉的数据库字段啊， 上家公司做的项目每天都跟这些字段打招呼 ...
Oracle exp compress参数引起的空间浪费 -
itspace：
quxiaoyong 写道遇到个问题，网上一搜，全他妈这篇文章 ...
数据库连接错误ORA-28547 -
quxiaoyong：
遇到个问题，网上一搜，全他妈这篇文章。你转来转去的有意思吗？
数据库连接错误ORA-28547 -
hctech：
关于version count过高的问题，不知博主是否看过ey ...
某客户数据库性能诊断报告 -
itspace：
invalid 写道写的不错，我根据这个来安装，有点理解错误了 ...
AIX 配置vncserver
以下仅为测试经过，不做详细说明
SQL> show parameter audit
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
audit_file_dest string /opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/ad
ump
audit_sys_operations boolean FALSE
audit_syslog_level string
audit_trail string DB
SQL> alter system set audit_sys_operations=true;
alter system set audit_sys_operations=true
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /opt/ora11g/app/product/11.1/d
bs/spfiledb11g.ora
SQL> alter system set audit_sys_operations=true scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[ora11g@mchz ~]$ ls -l /opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/adump
total 516
...
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 657 Apr 16 2010 ora_9541.aud
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 2564 Sep 4 2008 pmon_341.aud
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 888 Sep 4 2008 pmon_8728.aud
[ora11g@mchz ~]$ pwd
/home/ora11g
[ora11g@mchz ~]$ cd /opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/adump
[ora11g@mchz adump]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Tue Nov 16 15:30:31 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 313159680 bytes
Fixed Size 2143984 bytes
Variable Size 281020688 bytes
Database Buffers 25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers 4829184 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter audit;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
audit_file_dest string /opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/ad
ump
audit_sys_operations boolean TRUE
audit_syslog_level string
audit_trail string DB
SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.
SQL> audit select on emp;
Audit succeeded.
SQL> select * from emp;
select * from emp
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28365: wallet is not open
SQL> audit select on dept;
Audit succeeded.
SQL> select * from dept;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
SQL> select OWNER,OBJECT_NAME,OBJECT_TYPE,DEL,INS,SEL,UPD from dba_obj_audit_opts;
select OWNER,OBJECT_NAME,OBJECT_TYPE,DEL,INS,SEL,UPD from dba_obj_audit_opts
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select OWNER,OBJECT_NAME,OBJECT_TYPE,DEL,INS,SEL,UPD from dba_obj_audit_opts;
OWNER OBJECT_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
OBJECT_TYPE DEL INS SEL UPD
----------------------- ----- ----- ----- -----
SCOTT DEPT
TABLE -/- -/- S/S -/-
SCOTT EMP
TABLE -/- -/- S/S -/-
SQL> desc dba_obj_audit_opts;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
OWNER VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_TYPE VARCHAR2(23)
ALT VARCHAR2(3)
AUD VARCHAR2(3)
COM VARCHAR2(3)
DEL VARCHAR2(3)
GRA VARCHAR2(3)
IND VARCHAR2(3)
INS VARCHAR2(3)
LOC VARCHAR2(3)
REN VARCHAR2(3)
SEL VARCHAR2(3)
UPD VARCHAR2(3)
REF CHAR(3)
EXE VARCHAR2(3)
CRE VARCHAR2(3)
REA VARCHAR2(3)
WRI VARCHAR2(3)
FBK VARCHAR2(3)
SQL> select count(*) from dba_audit_trail;
COUNT(*)
----------
1547
SQL> desc dba_audit_trail;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
OS_USERNAME VARCHAR2(255)
USERNAME VARCHAR2(30)
USERHOST VARCHAR2(128)
TERMINAL VARCHAR2(255)
TIMESTAMP DATE
OWNER VARCHAR2(30)
OBJ_NAME VARCHAR2(128)
ACTION NOT NULL NUMBER
ACTION_NAME VARCHAR2(28)
NEW_OWNER VARCHAR2(30)
NEW_NAME VARCHAR2(128)
OBJ_PRIVILEGE VARCHAR2(16)
SYS_PRIVILEGE VARCHAR2(40)
ADMIN_OPTION VARCHAR2(1)
GRANTEE VARCHAR2(30)
AUDIT_OPTION VARCHAR2(40)
SES_ACTIONS VARCHAR2(19)
LOGOFF_TIME DATE
LOGOFF_LREAD NUMBER
LOGOFF_PREAD NUMBER
LOGOFF_LWRITE NUMBER
LOGOFF_DLOCK VARCHAR2(40)
COMMENT_TEXT VARCHAR2(4000)
SESSIONID NOT NULL NUMBER
ENTRYID NOT NULL NUMBER
STATEMENTID NOT NULL NUMBER
RETURNCODE NOT NULL NUMBER
PRIV_USED VARCHAR2(40)
CLIENT_ID VARCHAR2(64)
ECONTEXT_ID VARCHAR2(64)
SESSION_CPU NUMBER
EXTENDED_TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP(6) WITH TIME ZONE
PROXY_SESSIONID NUMBER
GLOBAL_UID VARCHAR2(32)
INSTANCE_NUMBER NUMBER
OS_PROCESS VARCHAR2(16)
TRANSACTIONID RAW(8)
SCN NUMBER
SQL_BIND NVARCHAR2(2000)
SQL_TEXT NVARCHAR2(2000)
OBJ_EDITION_NAME VARCHAR2(30)
SQL> exec dbms_fga.add_policy(object_schema=>'scott', object_name=> 'dept', policy_name=> 'check_dept_audit',statement_types => 'SELECT');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> select * from scott.dept;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
SQL> select db_user,sql_text from dba_fga_audit_trail;
no rows selected
SQL> exec dbms_fga.enable_policy(object_schema=>'scott', object_name=> 'dept', policy_name=> 'check_t_audit');
BEGIN dbms_fga.enable_policy(object_schema=>'scott', object_name=> 'dept', policy_name=> 'check_t_audit'); END;
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28102: policy does not exist
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_FGA", line 77
ORA-06512: at line 1
SQL> exec dbms_fga.enable_policy(object_schema=>'scott', object_name=> 'dept', policy_name=> 'check_dept_audit');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> select * from scott.dept;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
SQL> select db_user,sql_text from dba_fga_audit_trail;
no rows selected
SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.
SQL> exec dbms_fga.add_policy(object_schema=>'scott', object_name=> 'dept', policy_name=> 'check_dept_audit',statement_types => 'SELECT');
BEGIN dbms_fga.add_policy(object_schema=>'scott', object_name=> 'dept', policy_name=> 'check_dept_audit',statement_types => 'SELECT'); END;
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-06550: line 1, column 7:
PLS-00201: identifier 'DBMS_FGA' must be declared
ORA-06550: line 1, column 7:
PL/SQL: Statement ignored
SQL> select * from scott.dept;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select db_user,sql_text from dba_fga_audit_trail;
DB_USER
------------------------------
SQL_TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SCOTT
select * from scott.dept
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[ora11g@mchz adump]$ pwd
/opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/adump
[ora11g@mchz adump]$ ls -rtl
total 540
...
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 1225 Nov 16 15:31 ora_8262.aud
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 1223 Nov 16 15:31 ora_8766.aud
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 2734 Nov 16 15:37 ora_17316.aud
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 834 Nov 16 15:38 ora_4230.aud
[ora11g@mchz adump]$ more ora_4230.aud
Audit file /opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/adump/ora_4230.aud
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
ORACLE_HOME = /opt/ora11g/app/product/11.1
System name: Linux
Node name: mchz
Release: 2.6.18-53.el5xen
Version: #1 SMP Mon Nov 12 02:46:57 EST 2007
Machine: x86_64
Instance name: db11g
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
Oracle process number: 18
Unix process pid: 4230, image: oracle@mchz (TNS V1-V3)
Tue Nov 16 15:37:57 2010
ACTION : 'CONNECT'
DATABASE USER: '/'
PRIVILEGE : SYSDBA
CLIENT USER: ora11g
CLIENT TERMINAL: pts/1
STATUS: 0
Tue Nov 16 15:38:04 2010
ACTION : 'select db_user,sql_text from dba_fga_audit_trail'
DATABASE USER: '/'
PRIVILEGE : SYSDBA
CLIENT USER: ora11g
CLIENT TERMINAL: pts/1
STATUS: 0
[ora11g@mchz adump]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Tue Nov 16 15:48:30 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> show parameter audit
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
audit_file_dest string /opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/ad
ump
audit_sys_operations boolean TRUE
audit_syslog_level string
audit_trail string DB
SQL> show parameter audit
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
audit_file_dest string /opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/ad
ump
audit_sys_operations boolean FALSE
audit_syslog_level string
audit_trail string DB
SQL> alter system set audit_sys_operations=true;
alter system set audit_sys_operations=true
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /opt/ora11g/app/product/11.1/d
bs/spfiledb11g.ora
SQL> alter system set audit_sys_operations=true scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[ora11g@mchz ~]$ ls -l /opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/adump
total 516
...
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 657 Apr 16 2010 ora_9541.aud
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 2564 Sep 4 2008 pmon_341.aud
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 888 Sep 4 2008 pmon_8728.aud
[ora11g@mchz ~]$ pwd
/home/ora11g
[ora11g@mchz ~]$ cd /opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/adump
[ora11g@mchz adump]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Tue Nov 16 15:30:31 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 313159680 bytes
Fixed Size 2143984 bytes
Variable Size 281020688 bytes
Database Buffers 25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers 4829184 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter audit;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
audit_file_dest string /opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/ad
ump
audit_sys_operations boolean TRUE
audit_syslog_level string
audit_trail string DB
SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.
SQL> audit select on emp;
Audit succeeded.
SQL> select * from emp;
select * from emp
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28365: wallet is not open
SQL> audit select on dept;
Audit succeeded.
SQL> select * from dept;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
SQL> select OWNER,OBJECT_NAME,OBJECT_TYPE,DEL,INS,SEL,UPD from dba_obj_audit_opts;
select OWNER,OBJECT_NAME,OBJECT_TYPE,DEL,INS,SEL,UPD from dba_obj_audit_opts
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select OWNER,OBJECT_NAME,OBJECT_TYPE,DEL,INS,SEL,UPD from dba_obj_audit_opts;
OWNER OBJECT_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
OBJECT_TYPE DEL INS SEL UPD
----------------------- ----- ----- ----- -----
SCOTT DEPT
TABLE -/- -/- S/S -/-
SCOTT EMP
TABLE -/- -/- S/S -/-
SQL> desc dba_obj_audit_opts;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
OWNER VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_TYPE VARCHAR2(23)
ALT VARCHAR2(3)
AUD VARCHAR2(3)
COM VARCHAR2(3)
DEL VARCHAR2(3)
GRA VARCHAR2(3)
IND VARCHAR2(3)
INS VARCHAR2(3)
LOC VARCHAR2(3)
REN VARCHAR2(3)
SEL VARCHAR2(3)
UPD VARCHAR2(3)
REF CHAR(3)
EXE VARCHAR2(3)
CRE VARCHAR2(3)
REA VARCHAR2(3)
WRI VARCHAR2(3)
FBK VARCHAR2(3)
SQL> select count(*) from dba_audit_trail;
COUNT(*)
----------
1547
SQL> desc dba_audit_trail;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
OS_USERNAME VARCHAR2(255)
USERNAME VARCHAR2(30)
USERHOST VARCHAR2(128)
TERMINAL VARCHAR2(255)
TIMESTAMP DATE
OWNER VARCHAR2(30)
OBJ_NAME VARCHAR2(128)
ACTION NOT NULL NUMBER
ACTION_NAME VARCHAR2(28)
NEW_OWNER VARCHAR2(30)
NEW_NAME VARCHAR2(128)
OBJ_PRIVILEGE VARCHAR2(16)
SYS_PRIVILEGE VARCHAR2(40)
ADMIN_OPTION VARCHAR2(1)
GRANTEE VARCHAR2(30)
AUDIT_OPTION VARCHAR2(40)
SES_ACTIONS VARCHAR2(19)
LOGOFF_TIME DATE
LOGOFF_LREAD NUMBER
LOGOFF_PREAD NUMBER
LOGOFF_LWRITE NUMBER
LOGOFF_DLOCK VARCHAR2(40)
COMMENT_TEXT VARCHAR2(4000)
SESSIONID NOT NULL NUMBER
ENTRYID NOT NULL NUMBER
STATEMENTID NOT NULL NUMBER
RETURNCODE NOT NULL NUMBER
PRIV_USED VARCHAR2(40)
CLIENT_ID VARCHAR2(64)
ECONTEXT_ID VARCHAR2(64)
SESSION_CPU NUMBER
EXTENDED_TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP(6) WITH TIME ZONE
PROXY_SESSIONID NUMBER
GLOBAL_UID VARCHAR2(32)
INSTANCE_NUMBER NUMBER
OS_PROCESS VARCHAR2(16)
TRANSACTIONID RAW(8)
SCN NUMBER
SQL_BIND NVARCHAR2(2000)
SQL_TEXT NVARCHAR2(2000)
OBJ_EDITION_NAME VARCHAR2(30)
SQL> exec dbms_fga.add_policy(object_schema=>'scott', object_name=> 'dept', policy_name=> 'check_dept_audit',statement_types => 'SELECT');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> select * from scott.dept;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
SQL> select db_user,sql_text from dba_fga_audit_trail;
no rows selected
SQL> exec dbms_fga.enable_policy(object_schema=>'scott', object_name=> 'dept', policy_name=> 'check_t_audit');
BEGIN dbms_fga.enable_policy(object_schema=>'scott', object_name=> 'dept', policy_name=> 'check_t_audit'); END;
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28102: policy does not exist
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_FGA", line 77
ORA-06512: at line 1
SQL> exec dbms_fga.enable_policy(object_schema=>'scott', object_name=> 'dept', policy_name=> 'check_dept_audit');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> select * from scott.dept;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
SQL> select db_user,sql_text from dba_fga_audit_trail;
no rows selected
SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.
SQL> exec dbms_fga.add_policy(object_schema=>'scott', object_name=> 'dept', policy_name=> 'check_dept_audit',statement_types => 'SELECT');
BEGIN dbms_fga.add_policy(object_schema=>'scott', object_name=> 'dept', policy_name=> 'check_dept_audit',statement_types => 'SELECT'); END;
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-06550: line 1, column 7:
PLS-00201: identifier 'DBMS_FGA' must be declared
ORA-06550: line 1, column 7:
PL/SQL: Statement ignored
SQL> select * from scott.dept;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select db_user,sql_text from dba_fga_audit_trail;
DB_USER
------------------------------
SQL_TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SCOTT
select * from scott.dept
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[ora11g@mchz adump]$ pwd
/opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/adump
[ora11g@mchz adump]$ ls -rtl
total 540
...
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 1225 Nov 16 15:31 ora_8262.aud
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 1223 Nov 16 15:31 ora_8766.aud
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 2734 Nov 16 15:37 ora_17316.aud
-rw-r----- 1 ora11g dba 834 Nov 16 15:38 ora_4230.aud
[ora11g@mchz adump]$ more ora_4230.aud
Audit file /opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/adump/ora_4230.aud
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
ORACLE_HOME = /opt/ora11g/app/product/11.1
System name: Linux
Node name: mchz
Release: 2.6.18-53.el5xen
Version: #1 SMP Mon Nov 12 02:46:57 EST 2007
Machine: x86_64
Instance name: db11g
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
Oracle process number: 18
Unix process pid: 4230, image: oracle@mchz (TNS V1-V3)
Tue Nov 16 15:37:57 2010
ACTION : 'CONNECT'
DATABASE USER: '/'
PRIVILEGE : SYSDBA
CLIENT USER: ora11g
CLIENT TERMINAL: pts/1
STATUS: 0
Tue Nov 16 15:38:04 2010
ACTION : 'select db_user,sql_text from dba_fga_audit_trail'
DATABASE USER: '/'
PRIVILEGE : SYSDBA
CLIENT USER: ora11g
CLIENT TERMINAL: pts/1
STATUS: 0
[ora11g@mchz adump]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Tue Nov 16 15:48:30 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> show parameter audit
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
audit_file_dest string /opt/ora11g/app/admin/db11g/ad
ump
audit_sys_operations boolean TRUE
audit_syslog_level string
audit_trail string DB
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