ASP.NET操作XML文件---增加、修改、删除、显示

这里以一个学生表为例，演示了对XML文件的插入、删除、修改、显示的基本操作。

需要准备的XML文件，文件名为StuData.xml，存放于XMLFile文件夹里

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<Class>

<Student>

<ID>1</ID>

<Name>王维</Name>

<Sex>男</Sex>

<Address>大连市软件园</Address>

</Student>

<Student>

<ID>2</ID>

<Name>李白</Name>

<Sex>男</Sex>

<Address>北京市海淀区</Address>

</Student>

<Student>

<ID>3</ID>

<Name>李清照</Name>

<Sex>女</Sex>

<Address>上海市闵行区</Address>

</Student>

<Student>

<ID>4</ID>

<Name>李商隐</Name>

<Sex>男</Sex>

<Address>深圳市深圳大学</Address>

</Student>

</Class>

建立一个操作XML文件的类XMLBusiness.cs，其代码如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

using System.Xml;
using System.Data;
/// <summary>
///XMLBusiness 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
public class XMLBusiness
{
   
    //XML文件路径
    public string filePath =string.Empty;
    public XMLBusiness()
    {
    }
    public XMLBusiness(string filePath)
	{
        this.filePath = filePath;
	}

    /// <summary>
    /// 获得主键
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public string GetID()
    {
        string id = string.Empty;
        XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
        xmlDoc.Load(filePath);
        XmlNode xmlNode = xmlDoc.DocumentElement.LastChild;

        if (xmlNode != null)
        {
            id = Convert.ToString(Convert.ToUInt32(xmlNode["ID"].InnerText) + 1);
        }
        return id;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 增加学生信息，保存为XML形式
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="name"></param>
    /// <param name="sex"></param>
    /// <param name="address"></param>
    public void AddStudent(string name, string sex, string address)
    {
        XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
        xmlDoc.Load(filePath);

        //创建新节点Student
        XmlElement xmlEleStudent = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Student");

        //创建学生新节点Student的子节点
        XmlElement xmlEleId = xmlDoc.CreateElement("ID");
        XmlElement xmlEleName = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Name");
        XmlElement xmlEleSex = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Sex");
        XmlElement xmlEleAddress = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Address");

        //增加子节点的值
        xmlEleId.InnerText = GetID();
        xmlEleName.InnerText = name;
        xmlEleSex.InnerText = sex;
        xmlEleAddress.InnerText = address;

        //将子节点增加到学生节点Student上
        xmlEleStudent.AppendChild(xmlEleId);
        xmlEleStudent.AppendChild(xmlEleName);
        xmlEleStudent.AppendChild(xmlEleSex);
        xmlEleStudent.AppendChild(xmlEleAddress);

        //将学生节点Student加入到XML文件中（加在最后一条记录上）
        xmlDoc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(xmlEleStudent);

        //如果要插到某条记录之后也可以用（如：加在第一条记录之后）
        //xmlDoc.DocumentElement.InsertAfter(xmlEleStudent, xmlDoc.DocumentElement.ChildNodes.Item(0));
        //如果要插到某条记录之后也可以用（如：加在第一条记录之前）
        //xmlDoc.DocumentElement.InsertBefore(xmlEleStudent, xmlDoc.DocumentElement.ChildNodes.Item(0));

        //保存
        xmlDoc.Save(filePath);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 更新学生信息
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="name"></param>
    /// <param name="sex"></param>
    /// <param name="address"></param>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    public void UpdateStudent(string name, string sex, string address, string id)
    {
        if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(id) == true)
            return;

        XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
        xmlDoc.Load(filePath);

        //获得节点列表
        XmlNodeList xmlNodeList = xmlDoc.SelectNodes("Class/Student[ID='" + id + "']");
        XmlNode xmlNode = xmlNodeList.Item(0);

        xmlNode["Name"].InnerText = name;
        xmlNode["Sex"].InnerText = sex;
        xmlNode["Address"].InnerText = address;

        xmlDoc.Save(filePath);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 通过ID删除学生
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    public void DelStudentById(string id)
    {
        if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(id) == true)
            return;

        XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
        xmlDoc.Load(filePath);
        
        //找到要删除的节点
        XmlNodeList xmlNodeList = xmlDoc.SelectNodes("Class/Student[ID='" + id + "']");
        XmlNode xmlNode = xmlNodeList.Item(0);

        //执行删除
        xmlNode.ParentNode.RemoveChild(xmlNode);

        xmlDoc.Save(filePath);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 获得所有学生信息
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public DataSet GetAllStudent()
    {
        DataSet ds = new DataSet();
        ds.ReadXml(filePath);
        return ds;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 通过学生ID获得学生节点
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public XmlNode GetStudentNodeByID(string id)
    {
        if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(id) == true)
            return null;

        XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
        xmlDoc.Load(filePath);

        //查找某个节点
        XmlNodeList xmlNodeList = xmlDoc.SelectNodes("Class/Student[ID='" + id + "']");
        XmlNode xmlNode = xmlNodeList.Item(0);

        return xmlNode;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 通过学生ID获得学生信息
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public DataTable GetStudentByID(string id)
    {
        if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(id) == true)
            return null;

        XmlNode xmlNode = GetStudentNodeByID(id);

        //建立表，表名为Student
        DataTable dt = new DataTable("Student");

        //增加字段
        dt.Columns.Add("ID");
        dt.Columns.Add("Name");
        dt.Columns.Add("Sex");
        dt.Columns.Add("Address");

        //增加一行并复制
        DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
        dr["ID"] = xmlNode["ID"].InnerText;
        dr["Name"] = xmlNode["Name"].InnerText;
        dr["Sex"] = xmlNode["Sex"].InnerText;
        dr["Address"] = xmlNode["Address"].InnerText;

        //把新增的行添加到表中
        dt.Rows.Add(dr);

        return dt;
    }
}

建立一个WEB页面XMLOperation.aspx来看看如何使用这个类。

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="XMLOperation.aspx.cs" Inherits="XMLOperation" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head runat="server">

<title></title>

</head>

<body>

<form id="form1" runat="server">

<div>

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False"

BorderWidth="1px" DataKeyNames="ID"

onrowcancelingedit="GridView1_RowCancelingEdit"

onrowdeleting="GridView1_RowDeleting" onrowediting="GridView1_RowEditing"

onrowupdating="GridView1_RowUpdating" Width="500px" >

<Columns>

<asp:BoundField DataField="ID" HeaderText="编号" ReadOnly="True" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="Name" HeaderText="姓名" />

<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="性别">

<ItemTemplate>

<asp:DropDownList ID="ddlSex" runat="server">

<asp:ListItem Value="0">男</asp:ListItem>

<asp:ListItem Value="1">女</asp:ListItem>

</asp:DropDownList>

</ItemTemplate>

</asp:TemplateField>

<asp:BoundField DataField="Address" HeaderText="地址" />

<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="查看">

<ItemTemplate>

<asp:HyperLink ID="HyperLink1" runat="server"

NavigateUrl='<%# "XMLOperation.aspx?ID="+Eval("ID") %>' >查看</asp:HyperLink>

</ItemTemplate>

</asp:TemplateField>

<asp:CommandField HeaderText="编辑" ShowEditButton="True" />

<asp:CommandField HeaderText="删除" ShowDeleteButton="True" />

</Columns>

</asp:GridView>

</div>

<p>

姓名：<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>

<br />

性别：<asp:DropDownList ID="DropDownList1" runat="server">

<asp:ListItem>男</asp:ListItem>

<asp:ListItem>女</asp:ListItem>

</asp:DropDownList>

<br />

住址：<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox2" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>

<br />

<br />

<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" onclick="Button1_Click" Text="增加" />

</p>

<p>

&nbsp;</p>

<p>

&nbsp;</p>

<p>

&nbsp;</p>

</form>

</body>

</html>

后代代码XMLOperation.aspx.cs为：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Data;

public partial class XMLOperation : System.Web.UI.Page
{
    private string filePath = string.Empty;
    private XMLBusiness xmlObj = null;
    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        filePath = Server.MapPath(@"XMLFile/StuData.xml");
        xmlObj = new XMLBusiness(filePath);
        if (Page.IsPostBack == false)
        {
            Bind();
        }
    }

    private void Bind()
    {
        DataSet ds = xmlObj.GetAllStudent();

        GridView1.DataSource = ds;
        GridView1.DataBind();

        //显示性别下拉列表
        DropDownList ddl;
        for (int i = 0; i < GridView1.Rows.Count; i++)
        {
            DataRowView drv = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView[i];
            if (drv["Sex"].ToString() == "男")
            {
                ddl = (DropDownList)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("ddlSex");
                ddl.SelectedIndex = 0;
            }
            if (drv["Sex"].ToString() == "女")
            {
                ddl = (DropDownList)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("ddlSex");
                ddl.SelectedIndex = 1;
            }
        }

        //如果URL中存在ID代表选择了查看
        if (Request.QueryString["ID"] != null)
        {
            string id = Request.QueryString["ID"].ToString();
            DataTable dt = xmlObj.GetStudentByID(id);
            TextBox1.Text = dt.Rows[0]["Name"].ToString();
            DropDownList1.SelectedValue = dt.Rows[0]["Sex"].ToString();
            TextBox2.Text = dt.Rows[0]["Address"].ToString();
        }
    }

    //删除
    protected void GridView1_RowDeleting(object sender, GridViewDeleteEventArgs e)
    {
        string id = GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString();
        xmlObj.DelStudentById(id);
        Bind();
    }

    //更新
    protected void GridView1_RowUpdating(object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e)
    {
        string id = GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString();

        //以下两种数据类型转换都可以
        string name = (GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[1].Controls[0] as TextBox).Text.Trim();
        string address = ((TextBox)GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[3].Controls[0]).Text.Trim();        

        //查找模板列的ddlSex控件，用FindControl方法
        string sex = (GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("ddlSex") as DropDownList).SelectedItem.Text.Trim();


        xmlObj.UpdateStudent(name, sex, address, id);

        GridView1.EditIndex = -1; ;
        Bind();

    }

    //点击编辑后显示文本框
    protected void GridView1_RowEditing(object sender, GridViewEditEventArgs e)
    {
        GridView1.EditIndex = e.NewEditIndex;
        Bind();
    }

    //点击取消，文本框消失
    protected void GridView1_RowCancelingEdit(object sender, GridViewCancelEditEventArgs e)
    {
        GridView1.EditIndex = -1;
        Bind();
    }

    //增加
    protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        xmlObj.AddStudent(TextBox1.Text, DropDownList1.SelectedItem.Text, TextBox2.Text);
        Response.Redirect(Request.Url.ToString());
    }
}

查看运行结果

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