使用Axis开发WebService

一、Axis安装
1.测试环境
    JDK 1.5
    Servlet Container: Tomcat 5.5
2.下载地址:http://ws.apache.org/axis/

3.解压缩安装包，将$AXIS_UNZIP_PATH\axis-version\webapps下的axis包拷贝到$TOMCAT_HOME\webapps\下，
以下约定$AXIS_HOME为该$TOMCAT_HOME\webapps\axis目录

4.启动tomcat,访问http://localhost:8080/axis 检查安装是否成功

5.设置classpath编写setEnv.bat:

set AXIS_HOME=$AXIS_UNZIP_HOME
set CLASSPATH=.;%AXIS_HOME%\lib\axis.jar;%AXIS_HOME%\lib\axis-ant.jar;%AXIS_HOME%\lib\commons-discovery-0.2.jar;%AXIS_HOME%\lib\commons-logging-1.0.4.jar;%AXIS_HOME%\lib\jaxrpc.jar;%AXIS_HOME%\lib\saaj.jar;%AXIS_HOME%\lib\wsdl4j-1.5.1.jar;%AXIS_HOME%\lib\log4j-1.2.8.jar;E:/thirdparty/activation/activation.jar;E:/thirdparty/activation/mail.jar

二.使用axis支持web service的部署和开发，最主要有两种方式：

(一)。Dynamic Invocation Interface ( DII)
1.编写服务端程序HelloClient

public class HelloClient {
 ublic String getName(String name)
  
   return "hello "+name;
 
}

2.将源码拷贝到AXIS_HOME下，重命名为 HelloClient.jws
3.访问连接http://localhost:8080/axis/HelloClient.jws?wsdl，页面显示axis自动生成的wsdl
4.编写访问服务的客户端 TestHelloClient.java

import org.apache.axis.client.Call;
import org.apache.axis.client.Service;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.rmi.RemoteException;

public class SayHelloClient2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
String endpoint = "http://localhost:8080/axis/HelloClient.jws";

Service service = new Service();
Call call = null;

call = (Call) service.createCall();

call.setOperationName(new QName(
"http://localhost:8080/axis/HelloClient.jws", "getName"));
call.setTargetEndpointAddress(new java.net.URL(endpoint));

String ret = (String) call.invoke(new Object[] {"zhangsan"});
System.out.println("return value is " + ret);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

5.运行TestHelloClient测试;

(二)。 Stubs方式
1.编写服务端程序server,SayHello.java，编译server.SayHello.java  

package server;
public class SayHello {
public String getName(String name)
{
return "hello "+name;
}
}

2.编写LogHandler.java

import org.apache.axis.AxisFault;
import org.apache.axis.Handler;
import org.apache.axis.MessageContext;
import org.apache.axis.handlers.BasicHandler;

import java.util.Date;

public class LogHandler extends BasicHandler {
public void invoke(MessageContext msgContext) throws AxisFault
{
/** *//** Log an access each time we get invoked.
*/
try {
Handler serviceHandler = msgContext.getService();

Integer numAccesses =
(Integer)serviceHandler.getOption("accesses");
if (numAccesses == null)
numAccesses = new Integer(0);

numAccesses = new Integer(numAccesses.intValue() + 1);

Date date = new Date();
String result = date + ": service " +
msgContext.getTargetService() +
" accessed " + numAccesses + " time.";
serviceHandler.setOption("accesses", numAccesses);

System.out.println(result);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw AxisFault.makeFault;
}
}
}

3..编写wsdd文件

deploy.wsdd
<deployment xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/"
xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java"> 
   
<handler name="print" type="java:LogHandler"/> 
<service name="sayhello" provider="java:RPC">
<requestFlow>
<handler type="print"/>
</requestFlow>
<parameter name="className" value="server.SayHello"/>
<parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/> 
</service>
</deployment>

4.将编译后的文件拷贝到AXIS_HOME/WEB-INF/classes下，如：D:\tomcat\webapps\axis\WEB-INF\classes

5.发布服务：
java org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient -h localhost -p 8080 -s /axis/servlet/AxisServlet deploy.wsdd

命令参数为:

The following Options are available:

        -l<url>         sets the AxisServlet URL
        -h<hostName     sets the AxisServlet host
        -p<portNumber>  sets the AxisServlet port
        -s<servletPath> sets the path to the AxisServlet
        -f<fileName>    specifies that a simple file protocol should be used
        -u<username>    sets the username
        -w<password>    sets the password
        -d              sets the debug flag (for instance, -ddd would set it to
3)
        -t<name>        sets the transport chain touse

Commands:

        list            will list the currently deployed services
        quit            will send a quit message to SimpleAxisServer
        passwd          value changes the admin password

Deployment Descriptor files:

<deployment-descriptor-files> deploys or undeploys Axis components and
web services described in these files

If -l or -h -p -s are not set, the AdminClient will invoke
http://localhost:8080/axis/servlet/AxisServlet

6.生成client stub文件
a:方式1
将SayHello.java拷贝到AXIS_HOME/下，重命名为SayHello.jws，执行下面的命令生存client stub
java org.apache.axis.wsdl.WSDL2Java -p client http://localhost:8080/axis/services/SayHello.jws?wsdl
b:方式2
  执行如下命令生成SayHello.wsdl
java org.apache.axis.wsdl.Java2WSDL -oSayHello.wsdl -lhttp://localhost:8080/axis/services/SayHello -nsayhello server.SayHello
执行如下命令生成client stub
   java org.apache.axis.wsdl.WSDL2Java SayHello.wsdl -p client
生成的stub client文件列表为：
1。SayHello.java
2。SayHelloService.java。
3。SayHelloServiceLocator.java
4。SayHelloSoapBindingStub.java

7.编写客户端程序，编译并执行

public class SayHelloClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {

SayHelloService service = new client.
SayHelloServiceLocator();
client.SayHello_PortType client = service.getSayHello();
String retValue=client.getName("zhangsan");
System.out.println(retValue);


} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Execution failed. Exception: " + e);
}
}
} 

8.开发自己的WEB应用程序的web service ,需要在描述文件WEB-INF/web.xml文件中添加:

<listener>
        <listener-class>org.apache.axis.transport.http.AxisHTTPSessionListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>
    <display-name>Apache-Axis Servlet</display-name>
    <servlet-class>
        org.apache.axis.transport.http.AxisServlet
    </servlet-class>
  </servlet>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>AdminServlet</servlet-name>
    <display-name>Axis Admin Servlet</display-name>
    <servlet-class>
        org.apache.axis.transport.http.AdminServlet
    </servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>100</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>SOAPMonitorService</servlet-name>
    <display-name>SOAPMonitorService</display-name>
    <servlet-class>
        org.apache.axis.monitor.SOAPMonitorService
    </servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>SOAPMonitorPort</param-name>
      <param-value>5001</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>100</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlet/AxisServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>