Maven基础介绍

今天索性研究了下maven 一切从零开始，我将讲解Maven

 

Maven 构建工具，很强大，也很成功的开源软件

 

Maven Getting Start

 

1.下载Maven

官网 : http://maven.apache.org/

 

现在版本为： Maven 3.0.4

 

下载地址：

 

Maven 3.0.4 (Binary zip)

apache-maven-3.0.4-bin.zip

apache-maven-3.0.4-bin.zip.md5

apache-maven-3.0.4-bin.zip.asc

 

下载之后将其bin 添加到系统的Path里

 

mvn -version

 

 

Apache Maven 3.0.3 (r1075438; 2011-03-01 01:31:09+0800)

Maven home: D:\apache-maven-3.0.3\bin\..

Java version: 1.6.0_04, vendor: Sun Microsystems Inc.

Java home: C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.6.0_04

Default locale: ja_JP, platform encoding: MS932

OS name: "windows vista", version: "6.0", arch: "x86", family: "windows"

 

 

好了 下面实现官网给的例子：

 

mvn archetype:generate -DarchetypeGroupId=org.apache.maven.archetypes -DgroupId=com.mycompany.app -DartifactId=my-app

 

运行之后会出现

 

my-app文件夹，然后里面有个pom.xml

 

如下：

 

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId>
  <artifactId>my-app</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>my-app</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

 

 

mvn eclipse:eclipse 

 

生成Eclipse 工程

 

project                                         为根目录

modelVersion  为Maven Module的Version

groupId   为公司和组的名字

artifactId  jar或者source目录

packaging  形式（jar or war or ear ）

version  jar version

name  project name

url  链接网络site

description  描述说明

 

常用Maven 命令：

 

mvn clean

mvn eclipse:eclipse

mvn compile

mvn test

mvn test-compile

mvn package

mvn install

mvn clean

mvn site

mvn war:war

 

 

1.什么是Maven的本地目录

 

  默认情况下为：Windows – C:\Documents and Settings\username\.m2

  想想.m2一看就不像目录，所以我们要改目录：

 1.1配置默认的本地目录，修改maven配置文件

     {M2_HOME}\conf\setting.xml

 

 

<settings>
  <!-- localRepository
   | The path to the local repository maven will use to store artifacts.
   |
   | Default: ~/.m2/repository
  <localRepository>/path/to/local/repo</localRepository>
  -->
 
<localRepository>D:/maven_repo</localRepository>

 

 

2.Maven的中心库

如果本地没有jar包的话，Maven就会默认的从http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/.下载相应的jar包，这个地址就是Maven的中心库

 

3.安装本地jar包

 

1.

 

mvn install:install-file -Dfile=c:\kaptcha-2.3.jar -DgroupId=com.google.code 
-DartifactId=kaptcha -Dversion=2.3 -Dpackaging=jar

 

 2.

 

D:\>mvn install:install-file -Dfile=c:\kaptcha-2.3.jar -DgroupId=com.google.code 
-DartifactId=kaptcha -Dversion=2.3 -Dpackaging=jar
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'install'.
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Maven Default Project
[INFO]    task-segment: [install:install-file] (aggregator-style)
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] [install:install-file]
[INFO] Installing c:\kaptcha-2.3.jar to 
D:\maven_repo\com\google\code\kaptcha\2.3\kaptcha-2.3.jar
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: < 1 second
[INFO] Finished at: Tue May 12 13:41:42 SGT 2009
[INFO] Final Memory: 3M/6M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

 

3.

 

<dependency>
      <groupId>com.google.code</groupId>
      <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
      <version>2.3</version>
</dependency>