Android 中文件类型与MIME的匹配表

MIME：全称Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions，多功能Internet 邮件扩充服务。它是一种多用途网际邮件扩充协议，在1992年最早应用于电子邮件系统，但后来也应用到浏览器。MIME类型就是设定某种扩展名的文件用一种应用程序来打开的方式类型，当该扩展名文件被访问的时候，浏览器会自动使用指定应用程序来打开。多用于指定一些客户端自定义的文件名，以及一些媒体文件打开方式。

在Android中通过文件的MIME类型来判断有哪些应用程序可以处理这些文件，并使用其中的某一个应用程序（如果有多个可选的应用程序，则用户必须指定一个）处理之。

 

/**
 * 根据文件后缀名获得对应的MIME类型。
 * @param file
 */
private String getMIMEType(File file)
{
    String type="*/*";
    String fName=file.getName();
    //获取后缀名前的分隔符"."在fName中的位置。
    int dotIndex = fName.lastIndexOf(".");
    if(dotIndex < 0){
        return type;
    }
    /* 获取文件的后缀名 */
    String end=fName.substring(dotIndex,fName.length()).toLowerCase();
    if(end=="")return type;
    //在MIME和文件类型的匹配表中找到对应的MIME类型。
    for(int i=0;i<MIME_MapTable.length;i++){
        if(end.equals(MIME_MapTable[i][0]))
            type = MIME_MapTable[i][1];
    }
    return type;
}
/**
 * 打开文件
 * @param file
 */
private void openFile(File file){
    //Uri uri = Uri.parse("file://"+file.getAbsolutePath());
    Intent intent = new Intent();
    intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
    //设置intent的Action属性
    intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
    //获取文件file的MIME类型
    String type = getMIMEType(file);
    //设置intent的data和Type属性。
    intent.setDataAndType(/*uri*/Uri.fromFile(file), type);
    //跳转
    startActivity(intent);    
}

 

MIME类型和文件类型的匹配表:

 

//建立一个MIME类型与文件后缀名的匹配表
private final String[][] MIME_MapTable={
    //{后缀名，    MIME类型}
    {".3gp",    "video/3gpp"},
    {".apk",    "application/vnd.android.package-archive"},
    {".asf",    "video/x-ms-asf"},
    {".avi",    "video/x-msvideo"},
    {".bin",    "application/octet-stream"},
    {".bmp",      "image/bmp"},
    {".c",        "text/plain"},
    {".class",    "application/octet-stream"},
    {".conf",    "text/plain"},
    {".cpp",    "text/plain"},
    {".doc",    "application/msword"},
    {".exe",    "application/octet-stream"},
    {".gif",    "image/gif"},
    {".gtar",    "application/x-gtar"},
    {".gz",        "application/x-gzip"},
    {".h",        "text/plain"},
    {".htm",    "text/html"},
    {".html",    "text/html"},
    {".jar",    "application/java-archive"},
    {".java",    "text/plain"},
    {".jpeg",    "image/jpeg"},
    {".jpg",    "image/jpeg"},
    {".js",        "application/x-javascript"},
    {".log",    "text/plain"},
    {".m3u",    "audio/x-mpegurl"},
    {".m4a",    "audio/mp4a-latm"},
    {".m4b",    "audio/mp4a-latm"},
    {".m4p",    "audio/mp4a-latm"},
    {".m4u",    "video/vnd.mpegurl"},
    {".m4v",    "video/x-m4v"},    
    {".mov",    "video/quicktime"},
    {".mp2",    "audio/x-mpeg"},
    {".mp3",    "audio/x-mpeg"},
    {".mp4",    "video/mp4"},
    {".mpc",    "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"},        
    {".mpe",    "video/mpeg"},    
    {".mpeg",    "video/mpeg"},    
    {".mpg",    "video/mpeg"},    
    {".mpg4",    "video/mp4"},    
    {".mpga",    "audio/mpeg"},
    {".msg",    "application/vnd.ms-outlook"},
    {".ogg",    "audio/ogg"},
    {".pdf",    "application/pdf"},
    {".png",    "image/png"},
    {".pps",    "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
    {".ppt",    "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
    {".prop",    "text/plain"},
    {".rar",    "application/x-rar-compressed"},
    {".rc",        "text/plain"},
    {".rmvb",    "audio/x-pn-realaudio"},
    {".rtf",    "application/rtf"},
    {".sh",        "text/plain"},
    {".tar",    "application/x-tar"},    
    {".tgz",    "application/x-compressed"}, 
    {".txt",    "text/plain"},
    {".wav",    "audio/x-wav"},
    {".wma",    "audio/x-ms-wma"},
    {".wmv",    "audio/x-ms-wmv"},
    {".wps",    "application/vnd.ms-works"},
    //{".xml",    "text/xml"},
    {".xml",    "text/plain"},
    {".z",        "application/x-compress"},
    {".zip",    "application/zip"},
    {"",        "*/*"}    
};