NFS学习笔记

Ubuntu下的NFS配置

NFS Server

1. 安装相应的包：nfs-kernel-server

sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server

2. 将需要分享的目录export出来

vim /etc/exports
/home/forrest/test IP地址(rw,sync,no_subtree_check)

sudo exportfs
sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart

NFS Client

1. 安装相应的包: nfs-common

sudo apt-get install nfs-common
sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-common start

2. mount:

mount -t nfs -o rw IP地址:/home/forrest/test /mnt/test

RedHat下的NFS配置

在RedHat下，客户端与服务器端享用一样的软件，一样的启动方式。只是服务器端需要配置一下。

这里先记录一下NFS客户端的操作：

Client

[forrest@host ~]$ /etc/init.d/portmap start
Starting portmap:                                          [  OK  ]
touch: cannot touch `/var/lock/subsys/portmap': Permission denied
[forrest@host ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/portmap start
Starting portmap:                                          [  OK  ]
[forrest@host ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/nfs restart
Shutting down NFS mountd:                                  [FAILED]
Shutting down NFS daemon:                                  [FAILED]
Shutting down NFS quotas:                                  [FAILED]
Shutting down NFS services:                                [FAILED]
Starting NFS services:                                     [  OK  ]
Starting NFS quotas:                                       [  OK  ]
Starting NFS daemon:                                       [  OK  ]
Starting NFS mountd:                                       [  OK  ]
Starting RPC idmapd:                                       [  OK  ]
[forrest@host ~]$ sudo mount 10.20.131.157:/home/admin /mnt/efs/www

必须先启动portmap才能启动nfs后台进程，否则会报如下错误： [forrest@host ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/nfs start Starting NFS services: [ OK ] Starting NFS quotas: Cannot register service: RPC: Unable to receive; errno = Connection refused rpc.rquotad: unable to register (RQUOTAPROG, RQUOTAVERS, udp). [FAILED] Starting NFS daemon: [FAILED] 可以通过status检查： [forrest@host ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/portmap status portmap (pid 19086) is running...

必须启动NFS后台进程才能够mount成功，否则会mount了很久，然后报如下错误： [forrest@host ~]$ sudo mount 10.20.131.157:/home/admin /mnt/efs/www Password: mount.nfs: Input/output error 原因： Each time that you start the NFS service, a dynamic port number is assigned to nfsd. This assignment is made through the 'Portmapper' daemon. So, before starting NFS, you need to switch on the portmapper service. 可以用如下status检查： [forrest@host ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/nfs status rpc.mountd (pid 19207) is running... nfsd (pid 19183 19170 19153 19152 19151 19150 19149 19148) is running... rpc.rquotad (pid 19142) is running...

除了使用/etc/init.d/nfs脚本，我们也可以使用简便的命令——service 如： [root@host mnt]# service portmap start Starting portmap: [ OK ] [root@host mnt]# service nfs start Starting NFS services: [ OK ] Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ] Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ] Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ] Starting RPC idmapd: [ OK ] [root@host mnt]# sudo mount 10.20.131.157:/home/admin /mnt/efs/www

使用chkconfig设置nfs服务在系统重启后自动运行 [root@localhost /]# chkconfig --list nfs nfs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off [root@localhost /]# chkconfig nfs on [root@localhost /]# chkconfig --list nfs nfs 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

SUSE下的NFS安装与配置

in SUSE, you may need to use

/etc/rc.d/init.d/portmap start 
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs start

参考文章：系统mount.nfs: Input/output error