keepalived安装配置实现高可用

环境

角色	IP	用途
Master A	10.10.10.33	MySQL DB
Master B	10.10.10.36
VIP	10.10.10.199	KeepAlived VIP

安装 KeepAlived 

 

1.下载安装包：

# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.13.tar.gz

解压安装包到指定目录/opt/usr/：

 # tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.13.tar.gz -C /opt/usr/

# cd /opt/usr/keepalived-1.2.13/

创建安装目录：

# mkdir /opt/usr/keepalived

编译安装

# ./configure --prefix=/opt/usr/keepalived/

# make;make install

可能遇到问题:configure报错

configure: error:

  !!! OpenSSL is not properly installed on your system. !!!

  !!! Can not include OpenSSL headers files.            !!!

解决：

yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

 

配置KeepAlived

Create Control File

默认情况下keepalived启动时会去/etc/keepalived目录下找配置文件

#A主机和B主机都操作

# mkdir /etc/keepalived

#cp安装生成的conf模板到/etc/keepalived

# cp /opt/usr/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

Master A配置

      Master A配置文件

#Master A配置文件

# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

 

global_defs {

   notification_email {

                [e-mail]

        }

   notification_email_from [e-mail]

   smtp_server 127.0.0.1

   smtp_connect_timeout 30

   router_id MySQL_HA

}

 

vrrp_instance MySQL-HA{

    state MASTER  #state指定instance的初始状态，但这里指定的不算，还是得通过优先级竞选来确定。两台配置此处均是BACKUP。

    interface eth0 #实例绑定的网卡，因为在配置虚拟IP的时候必须是在已有的网卡上添加的

    virtual_router_id 51 #这里设置VRID，这里非常重要，相同的VRID为一个组，他将决定多播的MAC地址

     priority 100 #设置本节点的优先级，优先级高的为master，如另外一个节点配置为90，那此节点就是master

    advert_int 1  #检查间隔，默认为1秒

    nopreempt  #不抢占，只在优先级高的机器上设置即可，优先级低的机器不设置

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS

        auth_pass 1111

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {         #这里设置的就是VIP，也就是虚拟IP地址

        10.10.10.199

    }

}

 

virtual_server 10.10.10.199 3306{

    delay_loop 2    #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态

    lb_algo wrr

    lb_kind DR

    persistence_timeout 50 #会话保持时间

    protocol TCP

 

    real_server 10.10.10.33 3306{

        weight 3

        notify_down /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh     #检测到服务down后执行的脚本

        TCP_CHECK {

            connect_timeout 3  #连接超时时间

            nb_get_retry 3        #重连次数

            delay_before_retry 3 #重连间隔时间

            connect_port 3306   #健康检查端口

        }

    }

}

 

}

b)     Master A编写notify_down脚本

# mkdir -p /usr/local/MySQL/bin/

# vi /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh

#!/bin/sh

pkill keepalived

sleep 10s

/etc/init.d/keepalived start

sleep 120s

/etc/init.d/mysql start

注：此脚本是上面配置文件notify_down选项所用到的，keepalived使用notify_down选项来检查real_server的服务状态，当发现real_server服务故障时，便触发此脚本；我们可以看到，脚本就一个命令，通过pkill keepalived强制杀死keepalived进程，从而实现了MySQL故障自动转移。另外，我们不用担心两个MySQL会同时提供数据更新操作，因为每台MySQL上的keepalived的配置里面只有本机MySQL的IP+VIP，而不是两台MySQL的IP+VIP

c)      Master A启动KeepAlived服务

~]# /opt/us/keepalived/sbin/keepalived –D

# ps -ef|grep keep 

root      1567     1  0 17:47 ?        00:00:00 keepalived -D

root      1568  1567  0 17:47 ?        00:00:00 keepalived -D

root      1569  1567  0 17:47 ?        00:00:00 keepalived -D

root      3568  1693  0 18:14 pts/0    00:00:00 grep keep

# ip a|grep eth0 

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    inet 10.10.10.33/24 brd 10.10.10.255 scope global eth0

    inet 10.10.10.199/32 scope global eth0

d)     Master A测试keepalived服务

#停止MySQL服务

# /etc/init.d/mysql stop

Shutting down MySQL.....                                   [  OK  ]

#查看vip，发现VIP已经不存在

#  ip a|grep eth0 

3: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    inet 192.168.56.101/24 brd 192.168.56.255 scope global eth1

#查看keepalive进程消失

# ps -ef|grep keep

root     29537  4894  0 20:34 pts/2    00:00:00 grep keep

#监控日志

# tail -f /var/log/messages

Dec  3 20:34:08 MySQL1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[29424]: TCP connection to [192.168.56.101]:3306 failed !!!

Dec  3 20:34:08 MySQL1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[29424]: Removing service [192.168.56.101]:3306 from VS [192.168.56.111]:3306

Dec  3 20:34:08 MySQL1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[29424]: Executing [/usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh] for service [192.168.56.101]:3306 in VS [192.168.56.111]:3306

Dec  3 20:34:08 MySQL1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[29424]: Lost quorum 1-0=1 > 0 for VS [192.168.56.111]:3306

Dec  3 20:34:08 MySQL1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[29424]: Remote SMTP server [127.0.0.1]:25 connected.

Dec  3 20:34:09 MySQL1 Keepalived[29423]: Stopping Keepalived v1.2.13 (12/03,2014)

Dec  3 20:34:09 MySQL1 Keepalived_vrrp[29425]: VRRP_Instance(MySQL-HA{) sending 0 priority

Dec  3 20:34:09 MySQL1 Keepalived_vrrp[29425]: VRRP_Instance(MySQL-HA{) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec  3 20:34:09 MySQL1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[29424]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.56.111 removed

Dec  3 20:34:09 MySQL1 avahi-daemon[1430]: Server startup complete. Host name is MySQL1-62.local. Local service cookie is 1197773774.

Dec  3 20:34:09 MySQL1 avahi-daemon[1430]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.56.111 on eth1.

Dec  3 20:34:10 MySQL1 avahi-daemon[1430]: Service "MySQL1-62" (/services/ssh.service) successfully established.

Master B配置

a)    Master B配置文件

#跟DB1基本一致，但有三个地方不同：优先级为90、无抢占设置、real_server为本机IP

# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

 

global_defs {

   notification_email {

                [e-mail]

        }

   notification_email_from [e-mail]

   smtp_server 127.0.0.1

   smtp_connect_timeout 30

   router_id MySQL_HA

}

 

vrrp_instance MySQL-HA{

    state MASTER  #state指定instance的初始状态，但这里指定的不算，还是得通过优先级竞选来确定。两台配置此处均是BACKUP。

    interface eth0 #实例绑定的网卡，因为在配置虚拟IP的时候必须是在已有的网卡上添加的

    virtual_router_id 51 #这里设置VRID，这里非常重要，相同的VRID为一个组，他将决定多播的MAC地址

     priority 90 #设置本节点的优先级，优先级高的为master，如另外一个节点配置为90，那此节点就是master

    advert_int 1  #检查间隔，默认为1秒

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS

        auth_pass 1111

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {         #这里设置的就是VIP，也就是虚拟IP地址

        10.10.10.199

    }

}

 

virtual_server 10.10.10.199 3306{

    delay_loop 2    #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态

    lb_algo wrr

    lb_kind DR

    persistence_timeout 50 #会话保持时间

    protocol TCP

 

    real_server 10.10.10.36 3306{

        weight 3

        notify_down /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh       #检测到服务down后执行的脚本

        TCP_CHECK {

            connect_timeout 3  #连接超时时间

            nb_get_retry 3        #重连次数

            delay_before_retry 3 #重连间隔时间

            connect_port 3306   #健康检查端口

        }

    }

}

 

 

}

b)   Master B编写notify_down脚本

# mkdir -p /usr/local/MySQL/bin/

# vi /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh

#!/bin/sh

pkill keepalived

sleep 10s

/etc/init.d/keepalived start

sleep 120s

/etc/init.d/mysql start

c)    Master B启动KeepAlived服务

# /opt/usr/keepalived/sbin/keepalived 

# ps -ef|grep keep 

root      1596     1  0 17:46 ?        00:00:00 keepalived -D

root      1597  1596  0 17:46 ?        00:00:00 keepalived -D

root      1599  1596  0 17:46 ?        00:00:00 keepalived -D

root      3817  2135  0 18:16 pts/0    00:00:00 grep keep

# ip a|grep eth0 

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    inet 10.10.10.36/24 brd 10.10.10.255 scope global eth0

    inet 10.10.10.199/32 scope global eth0

d)   Master B测试keepalived服务

#停止MySQL服务

# /etc/init.d/mysql stop

Shutting down MySQL.....                                   [  OK  ]

#查看vip，发现VIP已经不存在

# ip a|grep eth0

3: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    inet 192.168.56.101/24 brd 192.168.56.255 scope global eth1

#查看keepalive进程消失

# ps -ef|grep keep

root     29537  4894  0 20:34 pts/2    00:00:00 grep keep

#监控日志

# tail -f /var/log/messages

Dec  4 10:35:53 MySQL2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[6733]: TCP connection to [192.168.56.102]:3306 failed !!!

Dec  4 10:35:53 MySQL2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[6733]: Removing service [192.168.56.102]:3306 from VS [192.168.56.111]:3306

Dec  4 10:35:53 MySQL2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[6733]: Executing [/usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh] for service [192.168.56.102]:3306 in VS [192.168.56.111]:3306

Dec  4 10:35:53 MySQL2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[6733]: Lost quorum 1-0=1 > 0 for VS [192.168.56.111]:3306

Dec  4 10:35:53 MySQL2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[6733]: Remote SMTP server [127.0.0.1]:25 connected.

Dec  4 10:35:53 MySQL2 Keepalived[6732]: Stopping Keepalived v1.2.13 (11/24,2014)

Dec  4 10:35:53 MySQL2 Keepalived_vrrp[6734]: VRRP_Instance(MySQL-HA{) sending 0 priority

Dec  4 10:35:53 MySQL2 Keepalived_vrrp[6734]: VRRP_Instance(MySQL-HA{) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec  4 10:35:53 MySQL2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[6733]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.56.111 removed

Dec  4 10:35:54 MySQL2 avahi-daemon[1387]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.56.111 on eth1.

4)    MySQL Client使用VIP连接数据库

~]# mysql -u root -h 10.10.10.199 -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2622

Server version: 5.6.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

 

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

 

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

 

mysql>

5)    配置init.d/keepalived脚本

cp /opt/usr/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

cp /opt/usr/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

cp /opt/usr/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/

# /etc/init.d/keepalived -h

Usage: /etc/init.d/keepalived {start|stop|reload|restart|condrestart|status}

6)   配置开机启动

    chkconfig --list  keepalived

    chkconfig --add keepalived

    chkconfig --level 2345 keepalived on