apache2.2 tomcat6 集群

使用apache做为控制转发器，后端使用4个tomcat做集群，此次选择的配置方式为SessionSticky（粘性Session），这种方式将同一用户的请求转发到特定的Tomcat服务器上，避免了集群中Session的复制。

 

apache以前配置apache和tomcat可能需要用到mod_jk.so进行apache和tomcat的链接。apache2.2中集成了mod_jk.so的功能，只需简单的把上面6个module的注释打开。

 

1、apache 配置

 

 修改Apache配置文件\Apache2.2\conf\httpd.conf
 a.将以下6个Module的注释去掉：

   LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
   LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
   LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
   LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
   LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
   LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so

 

再找到<IfModule dir_module></IfModule>加上index.jsp

<IfModule dir_module>
 DirectoryIndex index.html index.jsp
</IfModule>

 <IfModule dir_module>
  DirectoryIndex index.html index.jsp
 </IfModule>

 
 在文件的最下面加入

ProxyRequests Off
<proxy balancer://cluster>
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9001 loadfactor=1 route=jvm1
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9002 loadfactor=1 route=jvm2
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9003 loadfactor=1 route=jvm3
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9004 loadfactor=1 route=jvm4
<proxy>

ProxyRequests Off
<proxy balancer://cluster>
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9001 loadfactor=1 route=jvm1
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9002 loadfactor=1 route=jvm2
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9003 loadfactor=1 route=jvm3
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9004 loadfactor=1 route=jvm4
<proxy>

 

设置apache2.2虚拟主机
  a.先在conf\httpd.conf中引入配置虚拟主机的控制文件，将配置文件中默认注释掉的配置信息放开就可以了：
   # Virtual hosts
   Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
  b.修改conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf文件，在最下面加入虚拟主机的配置信息

 

<VirtualHost *:80>
         ServerAdmin [e-mail]
         ServerName localhost(域名)
         ServerAlias localhost(别名)
         ProxyPass / balancer://cluster/ stickysession=jsessionid nofailover=On
         ProxyPassReverse / balancer://cluster/
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>  
         ServerAdmin [e-mail] 
         ServerName localhost(域名)   
         ServerAlias localhost(别名)   
         ProxyPass / balancer://cluster/ stickysession=jsessionid nofailover=On  
         ProxyPassReverse / balancer://cluster/   
</VirtualHost>  

 
  c.也可以直接在httpd.conf后面加入这段xml

 

2. 配置tomcat

   a.配置tomcat的启动和关闭端口
      若是在同一台机器上同时运行多个tomcat，则需要修改tomcat 的启动端口和关闭端口。
      启动端口修改：将每个tomcat的server.xml文件作如下修改
     <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"    
               connectionTimeout="20000"    
               redirectPort="8443" />  
        改为
       <Connector port="xxxx" protocol="HTTP/1.1"    
               connectionTimeout="20000"    
               redirectPort="xxxx" />  
         <Connector port="xxxx" protocol="HTTP/1.1"connectionTimeout="20000"redirectPort="8443" />
         如果需要用到tomcat的共享线程池，其端口值也设置为xxxx，保持一致（线程池缺省是被注释掉的）：
 
         <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"port="xxxx" protocol="HTTP/1.1"connectionTimeout="20000"redirectPort="8443" />
     b.设置tomcat的关闭端口：
       将<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">修改为
      <Server port="xxxx" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">每个tomcat的端口xxxx不同就行。

  

     c.配置engine
       tomcat 默认的engine配置为：
      <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
       为了通过AJP来支持负载均衡，需要配置engine的jvmRoute属性。将server.xml的默认engine配置注释掉，按给出的 jvmRoute示例做如下配置：

       分别将4个tomcat配置为
        <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">

        <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm2">
        <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm3">
        <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm4">

  

    d.配置 AJP Connector
    这里是apache和tomcat链接的关键，前台apache就是通过AJP协议与tomcat进行通信的，以完成负载均衡的作用。

    将server.xml中的缺省配置

     <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />  
     改成与

     port的值与apache中的文件httpd.conf中<proxy balancer://cluster></proxy>之间配置的均衡器成员的端口一致，一一对应；上面在配置的jvmRoute的值（如jvm1）应该与httpd.conf中<proxy balancer://cluster></proxy>之间配置的均衡器成员的route属性的值一致，且必须唯一。

     例如 tomcatA就改成9001

  

   e.配置Cluster

   打开tomcat的server.xml，默认的Cluster配置如下，缺省被注释掉了：
    <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>

  

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="6">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"
mapSendOptions="6"/>
<!--
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
-->
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address="228.0.0.4"
port="<SPAN style="COLOR: #ff0000">45562</SPAN>"
frequency="500"
dropTime="3000"/>
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address="auto"
port="<SPAN style="COLOR: #ff0000">5002</SPAN>"
selectorTimeout="100"
maxThreads="6"/>
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>
</Channel>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter=".*\.gif;.*\.js;.*\.jpg;.*\.png;.*\.htm;.*\.html;.*\.css;.*\.txt;"/>

<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="6">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"
mapSendOptions="6"/>
<!--
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
-->
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address="228.0.0.4"
port="45562"
frequency="500"
dropTime="3000"/>
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address="auto"
port="5002"
selectorTimeout="100"
maxThreads="6"/>
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>
</Channel>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter=".*\.gif;.*\.js;.*\.jpg;.*\.png;.*\.htm;.*\.html;.*\.css;.*\.txt;"/>

<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>

 

每个tomcat的端口唯一

全部配置全成后，如果SessionSticky粘性session无效的话，将<proxy balancer://cluster>放到<VirtualHost *:80>

<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin [e-mail]
ServerName localhost(域名)
ProxyPass / balancer://cluster/ lbmethod=byrequests stickysession=JSESSIONID nofailover=Off timeout=5 maxattempts=3
ProxyPassReverse / balancer://cluster/
ErrorLog "logs/lbtest-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/lbtest-access.log" common

<proxy balancer://cluster>
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9001 route=jvm1
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9002 route=jvm2
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9003 route=jvm3
</proxy>

</VirtualHost>