使用C#对对象进行序列化操作

 

/**
 * 
 * 该测试程序使用了C#的序列化进行了整个对象的序列化操作
 * 学生记录类StudentRecord 使用了list泛型类进行学生对象的存储，然后把该类
 * 进行序列化。每次需要查找数据时，又对文件中的数据进行反序列化，再进行相关操作
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;


namespace studentRecord
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            Student s1 = new Student();
            s1.id = "20081120029";
            s1.name = "哈桑";
            s1.major = "文学";
            s1.phone = "12345678";
            s1.sex = "男";
            s1.email = "[e-mail]";

            Student s2 = new Student();
            s2.id = "20081120030";
            s2.name = "阿米尔";
            s2.major = "文学";
            s2.phone = "1234567889";
            s2.sex = "男";
            s2.email = "[e-mail]";

            string path = "record.dat";

            StudentRecord sr = new StudentRecord();


            Console.WriteLine("开始添加学生\n{0}", s1.ToString());
            Console.WriteLine("开始添加学生\n{0}", s2.ToString());
            sr.Add(s1, path); //写入学生信息
            sr.Add(s2, path);
            Console.WriteLine("学生添加完毕");

            Console.WriteLine("-------------------------------");

            Console.WriteLine("开始查找学号为20081120029的学生");
            Student s = sr.Search("20081120029", path);
            Console.WriteLine("查找到的该生信息为\n{0}", s.ToString());


            Console.WriteLine("-------------------------------");


            Console.WriteLine("开始更新20081120029的学生信息");
            s.major = "数学";
            s.email = "[e-mail]";
            sr.Update(s, path); //更新完毕

            s = sr.Search("20081120029", path);
            Console.WriteLine("更新完毕后20081120029的学生信息为\n{0}", s.ToString());

            Console.WriteLine("-------------------------------");


            Console.WriteLine("删除学生20081120029的信息\n");
            sr.Delete("20081120029", path);
            List<Student> list = sr.GetAll(path);
            Console.WriteLine("删除后的数据为\n");
            foreach (Student sn in list)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0}", sn.ToString());
            }

            if (File.Exists(path))  //程序退出之前删除学生信息值，方便测试程序
            {
                File.Delete(path);
            }

            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

    [Serializable]  //标志文件可以进行序列化
    class Student {

        public string email { set; get; }
        public string name { set; get; }
        public string id { set; get; }
        public string sex { set; get; }
        public string birth { set; get; }
        public string phone { set; get; }
        public string major { set; get; }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return "学号：" + this.id + ",\n" + "名字：" + this.name + ",\n" + "性别：" + this.sex + ",\n" + "出生年月：" + this.birth + ",\n" + "专业：" + this.major + ",\n" + "联系电话：" + this.phone + ",\n" + "email：" + this.email + ",\n";
        }

    }

    class StudentRecord
    {
        private IFormatter formatter;
        private Stream stream;
        private List<Student> list;

        public StudentRecord()
        {
            formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
        }

        public List<Student> GetAll(string path)
        {
            OpenFileForRead(path);
            return list;
        }

        public void Add(Student st,string path)
        {
            OpenFileForRead(path);
            if (list == null)
            {
                list = new List<Student>();
                list.Add(st);
                OpenFileForWrite(path);  //打开文件进行写入
                return;
            }else {
                list.Add(st);
                OpenFileForWrite(path);  //打开文件进行写入
                return;
            }
        }

        public void Update(Student st,string path)
        {
            OpenFileForRead(path);
            if (list == null)
            {
                list = new List<Student>();
                list.Add(st);
                OpenFileForWrite(path);  //打开文件进行写入
            }
            else
            {
                for(int i=0;i<list.Count;i++)
                {
                    if (list[i].id.Equals(st.id))
                    {
                        list.RemoveAt(i);  //删除旧对象
                        list.Add(st); //把更新后的对象添加进去
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            OpenFileForWrite(path); //打开文件进行写入
        }

        public void Delete(string id,string path)
        {
            OpenFileForRead(path);
            if (list == null)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("文件中没有数据");
                return;
            }
            else
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < list.Count; i++)
                {
                    if (list[i].id.Equals(id)) //找到对象
                    {
                        list.RemoveAt(i);  //移除对象
                        break;
                    }
                }
                OpenFileForWrite(path); //重新序列化
            }
        }

        public Student Search(string id, string path)
        {
            Student s= null;
            OpenFileForRead(path);
            if (list == null || list.Count == 0)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("文件里没有数据");
                return null;
            }else
            {
                foreach (Student st in list)
                {
                    if (st.id.Equals(id)) //匹配id
                    {
                        s = st;    //如果匹配则返回该对象
                        return s;  
                    }
  
                }
            }
            return null;
        }

        private void OpenFileForRead(string path)
        {
            if (File.Exists(path)) //检测该文件是否存在
            {
                stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read);  //存在才打开否则不读取
                this.list = (List<Student>)formatter.Deserialize(stream); //打开反序列
                stream.Close();
            }
            else
            {
                this.list = null;
            }
        }

        private void OpenFileForWrite(string path)
        {
            stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None);
            formatter.Serialize(stream, this.list);
            stream.Close();
        }
    }
}