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Oracle ASM操作详细步骤

OracleSQLLinuxUPvim 
阅读更多 

一.检查虚拟机的相关配置：
[root@rac1 ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:E3:7D:59  
          inet addr:10.1.1.210  Bcast:10.1.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fee3:7d59/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:7957 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1314 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:615293 (600.8 KiB)  TX bytes:103970 (101.5 KiB)
          Interrupt:10 Base address:0x1480 

[root@rac1 ~]# ping 10.1.1.1
PING 10.1.1.1 (10.1.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.1.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=58.8 ms

--- 10.1.1.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 58.860/58.860/58.860/0.000 ms

[root@rac1 ~]# rpm -qa |grep oracleasm
oracleasmlib-2.0.3-1.el5
oracleasm-2.6.18-128.el5-2.0.5-1.el5
oracleasm-2.6.18-128.el5debug-2.0.5-1.el5
oracleasm-support-2.1.2-1.el5
oracleasm-2.6.18-128.el5PAE-2.0.5-1.el5
oracleasm-2.6.18-128.el5xen-2.0.5-1.el5


[root@rac1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 12.8 GB, 12884901888 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1566 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1         765     6144831   83  Linux
/dev/sda2             766         956     1534207+  82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3             957        1566     4899825   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 512 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1         512      524272   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdc: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdc1               1         391     3140676   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdd: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdd1               1         391     3140676   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sde: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sde1               1         261     2096451   83  Linux


[root@rac1 ~]# df -h
文件系统              容量  已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda1             5.7G  3.0G  2.5G  55% /
/dev/sda3             4.6G  138M  4.2G   4% /u01
tmpfs                 349M     0  349M   0% /dev/shm
[root@rac1 ~]# 

二.上传database安装介质

安装软件不建库
more ~/.bash_profile 
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PS1="`/bin/hostname -s`->"
export EDITOR=vim
export ORACLE_SID=up
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/b
in:/usr/X11R6/bin
umask 022


rac1->cd admin
rac1->mkdir +ASM 
rac1->cd +ASM
rac1->mkdir {a,b,c,u}dump
rac1->ll
总计 16
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 08-12 18:33 adump
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 08-12 18:33 bdump
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 08-12 18:33 cdump
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 08-12 18:33 udump
rac1->pwd
/u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM


$ORACLE_HOME/dbs
$ vi init+ASM.ora

*.asm_diskstring='ORCL:VOL*'
*.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/bdump'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/cdump'
*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/udump'
*.instance_type='asm'
*.large_pool_size=12M
*.remote_login_passwordfile='SHARED'


rac1->orapwd file=orapw+ASM  password=oracle



rac1->export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
rac1->sqlplus  / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Aug 12 18:39:43 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount
ORA-29701: unable to connect to Cluster Manager

[root@rac1 ~]# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin
[root@rac1 bin]# ./localconfig delete
/etc/oracle does not exist. Creating it now.
./localconfig: line 715: /etc/init.d/init.cssd: 没有那个文件或目录

[root@rac1 bin]# ./localconfig add 
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..
Operation successful.
Configuration for local CSS has been initialized

Adding to inittab 
Startup will be queued to init within 90 seconds.
Checking the status of new Oracle init process...
Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.

rac1->sqlplus  / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Aug 12 18:43:52 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount
ASM instance started

Total System Global Area   83886080 bytes
Fixed Size                  1217836 bytes
Variable Size              57502420 bytes
ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SQL> startup force 
ASM instance started

Total System Global Area   83886080 bytes
Fixed Size                  1217836 bytes
Variable Size              57502420 bytes
ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes
ORA-15110: no diskgroups mounted

[root@rac1 soft]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.

This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver.  The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have.  The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]').  Hitting <ENTER> without typing an
answer will keep that current value.  Ctrl-C will abort.

Default user to own the driver interface []: oracle
Default group to own the driver interface []: dba
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: y
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver:                     [  OK  ]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks:               [  OK  ]


[root@rac1 soft]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL1 /dev/sdc1
Marking disk "VOL1" as an ASM disk:                        [  OK  ]
[root@rac1 soft]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL2 /dev/sdd1
Marking disk "VOL2" as an ASM disk:                        [  OK  ]
[root@rac1 soft]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL3 /dev/sde1
Marking disk "VOL3" as an ASM disk:                        [  OK  ]
[root@rac1 soft]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks
VOL1
VOL2
VOL3



SQL> create diskgroup dg1  external redundancy disk 'ORCL:VOL1';

SQL> select NAME,TYPE,STATE from v$asm_diskgroup;

NAME                           TYPE   STATE
------------------------------ ------ -----------
DG1                            EXTERN MOUNTED


如果上述命令返回的 state是 DISMOUNTED，那么我们需要手工将挂载 diskgroup
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 MOUNT;

Diskgroup altered.

SQL> show parameter asm_diskgroups 
 
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE 
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------ 
asm_diskgroups                       string     DGROUP1

三、创建ASM数据库

接下来，创建ASM数据库的工作就非常的简单了。执行dbca实用程序，在第六步“storage options”部分选择“Automatic Storage Management ”，在接下来的“ASM Disk Groups”步骤中，选择之前创建的“DGROUP1”，再按照普通建库的方式完成数据库的创建就OK了。

[root@rac1 soft]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL4 /dev/sdb1
Marking disk "VOL4" as an ASM disk:                        [  OK  ]


SQL> alter diskgroup dg2 add disk 'ORCL:VOL4';

Diskgroup altered.

SQL>  select NAME,TOTAL_MB,STATE from v$asm_diskgroup;

NAME                             TOTAL_MB STATE
------------------------------ ---------- -----------
DG1                                  3067 MOUNTED
DG2                                  5625 MOUNTED


监听状态：
rac1->lsnrctl stat

Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "+ASM", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "+ASM_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "+ASM", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "up" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "up", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "upXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "up", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "up_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "up", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

关闭asm实例，数据库也会自动关闭：
需要先停止数据库实例：
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
SQL>  shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
SQL> shutdown normal
ASM diskgroups dismounted
ASM instance shutdown
SQL> ho lsnrctl stat

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 12-AUG-2010 21:39:06

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                12-AUG-2010 21:27:19
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 11 min. 47 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rac1.mycorpdomain.com)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

启动asm实例后，数据库需要再次启动
SQL> STARTUP
ASM instance started

Total System Global Area   83886080 bytes
Fixed Size                  1217836 bytes
Variable Size              57502420 bytes
ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes
ASM diskgroups mounted


SQL> ho lsnrctl stat

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 12-AUG-2010 21:40:21

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                12-AUG-2010 21:27:19
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 13 min. 2 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rac1.mycorpdomain.com)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "+ASM", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "+ASM_XPT" has 1 instance(s).ol4;

  Instance "+ASM", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully



《Dropping Disk Groups》
SQL> alter diskgroup dg2 add disk 'ORCL:VOL4';
SQL> alter diskgroup dg2 drop disk vol4;
SQL> create diskgroup dg3 eXternal  redundancy disk 'ORCL:VOL4';
SQL> drop diskgroup dg3;


《Create controlfile》
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "SAMPLE" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 2
    MAXDATAFILES 30
    MAXINSTANCES 1
    MAXLOGHISTORY 226
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 (
    '+DGROUP1/db/onlinelog/group_1.258.541956457',
    '+DGROUP2/db/onlinelog/group_1.256.541956473'
  ) SIZE 100M,
  GROUP 2 (
    '+DGROUP1/db/onlinelog/group_2.257.541956477',
    '+DGROUP2/db/onlinelog/group_2.258.541956487'
  ) SIZE 100M
DATAFILE
  '+DGROUP1/db/datafile/system.260.541956497',
  '+DGROUP1/db/datafile/sysaux.259.541956511'
CHARACTER SET US7ASCII
;

《Adding New Redo Log Files》

DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_1 = '+dgroup1'
DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_2 = '+dgroup2'

ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE;

eg:
SQL> alter system set db_create_online_log_dest_1='+DG1';

System altered.

SQL> alter system set db_create_online_log_dest_2='+DG2';

System altered.

SQL> ALTER database add logfile;

Database altered.

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DG2/up/onlinelog/group_3.263.726866059
+DG1/up/onlinelog/group_3.259.726866065
+DG2/up/onlinelog/group_2.262.726866045
+DG1/up/onlinelog/group_2.258.726866055
+DG2/up/onlinelog/group_1.261.726866037
+DG1/up/onlinelog/group_1.257.726866041
+DG1/up/onlinelog/group_4.260.726875773
+DG2/up/onlinelog/group_4.266.726875777

8 rows selected.

SQL> ALTER database add logfile;

Database altered.

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DG2/up/onlinelog/group_3.263.726866059
+DG1/up/onlinelog/group_3.259.726866065
+DG2/up/onlinelog/group_2.262.726866045
+DG1/up/onlinelog/group_2.258.726866055
+DG2/up/onlinelog/group_1.261.726866037
+DG1/up/onlinelog/group_1.257.726866041
+DG1/up/onlinelog/group_4.260.726875773
+DG2/up/onlinelog/group_4.266.726875777
+DG1/up/onlinelog/group_5.261.726875799
+DG2/up/onlinelog/group_5.267.726875803

10 rows selected.

《Creating a Tablespace in ASM》
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST = '+dgroup1(my_template)';
SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE tspace3;
SQL> create tablespace tb1 datafile size 20m;


《asmcmd》
rac1->asmcmd
ASMCMD> ls
DG1/
DG2/
ASMCMD> cd +DG1
ASMCMD> ls
UP/
ASMCMD> cd UP
ASMCMD> ls
CONTROLFILE/
ONLINELOG/
ASMCMD> mkdir mydir
ASMCMD> ls
CONTROLFILE/
ONLINELOG/
mydir/
ASMCMD> cd mydir
ASMCMD> ls
ASMCMD> pwd
+DG1/UP/mydir
ASMCMD> cd ..
ASMCMD> ls
CONTROLFILE/
ONLINELOG/
mydir/
ASMCMD> rm mydir
ASMCMD> ls
CONTROLFILE/
ONLINELOG/
ASMCMD> du
Used_MB      Mirror_used_MB
   1192                2391
ASMCMD> find +dg2 undo*
+dg2/UP/DATAFILE/UNDOTBS1.258.726865825
ASMCMD> find +dg2 spfi
ASMCMD> find  +dg2 spfil*
+dg2/UP/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.265.726866225
+dg2/UP/spfileup.ora

 

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