2010年6月大学英语四级考试全真预测(一)

Part IWriting(30 minutes)

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation . You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:

 

1. 选择职业是一个人要面对的众多难题之一。

2. 需要花时间去选择职业。

3. 选择职业时可以向多人寻求建议和帮助。

 

【写作思路】

 

本文是一篇关于择业的议论文。短文需要说明慎重择业相当重要，并提出多种指导择业的方法。

 

【参考范文】

 

Choosing an Occupation

 

One of the most important problems a young person faces is deciding what to do. There are some people, of course, who from the time are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.

 

Choosing an occupation takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about as you try to decide what you would like to do. You may find that you will have to take special courses to qualify for a particular kind of work, or you may find out that you will need to get actual work experience to gain enough knowledge to qualify for a particular job.

 

Fortunately, there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools, there are teachers who are professionally qualified to give you detailed information about job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions.

 

听力

 

Section C

 

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

 

In the English (36)     system, students take three very important examinations. The first is the eleven-plus, which is (37)     at the age of eleven or a little past. At one time the (38)     or (39)     shown on the eleven-plus would have (40)     if a child stayed in school. Now, however, all children continue in (41)     schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow. At the age of fifteen or sixteen, the students are (42)     for the Ordinary (43)     of the General Certificate of Education. (44)     . Once students have passed this exam, they are allowed to specialize, so that two-thirds or more of their courses will be in physics, chemistry, classical languages, or whatever they wish to study at greater length. (45)     . Even at the universities, students study only in their concentrated area, and very few students ever venture out-side that subject again. (46)     .

 

36.【答案】 educational

 【解析】本文讲的是英国的教育系统，主要讲了英国学生要参加的三次重要的考试。

 

37.【答案】 taken

 【解析】英国学生的首次升学考试是在十一岁左右进行。学生参加考试，此处是被动态，主语是考试，因此用 taken。

 

38.【答案】 ability

 【解析】学生的能力和才智将在 eleven plus的升学考试里得到体现，从而决定其是否应留在学校继续学习，此空格即是能力 ability一词。

 

39.【答案】 aptitude

 【解析】此空格内容与前一空格内容相关联 ,学生的能力和才智将在升学考试中得到体现， aptitude是才智、智能的意思 .

 

40.【答案】 determined

 【解析】英国学生参加的首次考试 eleven plus的结果将决定他们是否继续留校学习， 因此此处空格填“决定”一词，而且又为过去分词，即为 determined。

 

41.【答案】 comprehensive

 【解析】现在所有的学生都进入综合中学继续学习， comprehensive意为“广泛的、综合的”。

 

42.【答案】 tested

 【解析】学生接受测试，主语是学生，语态为被动语态，因此用 tested。

 

43.【答案】 Level

 【解析】一般水平即是 ordinary level。 level即为水平、水准之意。

 

44.【答案】 This examination covers a wide range of subjects.

 

45.【答案】 The final examination, at eighteen, covers only the content of the special subjects.

 

46.【答案】 In a real sense, the English boy or girl is a specialist from the age of fifteen.

 

阅读理解

 

Passage One

 

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

 

Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.

 

The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture—one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonald’s. In some cases, globalization is a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.

 

The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness.

 

Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.

 

57.According to the passage, which of the following is true?

［ A］ All international managers can learn culture.

［ B］ Business diversity is not necessary.

［ C］ Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.

［ D］ Most people do not know foreign culture well.

 

58.According to the author, the model of Pepsi                  .

［ A］ is in line with the theories that the business is business the world around

［ B］ is different from the model of McDonald’ s

［ C］ shows the reverse of globalization

［ D］ has converged cultural differences

 

59.The two schools of thought                  .

［ A］ both propose that companies should tailor business approaches to individual cultures

［ B］ both advocate that different policies be set up in different countries

［ C］ admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world

［ D］ both A and B

 

60.This article is supposed to be most useful for those                  .

［ A］ who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversity

［ B］ who have connections to more than one type of culture

［ C］ who want to travel abroad

［ D］ who want to run business on International Scale

 

61.According to Fortune, successful international

companies                  .

［ A］ earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas

［ B］ all have the quality of patience

［ C］ will follow the overseas local cultures

［ D］ adopt the policy of internationalization

 

【全文翻译】

 

文 化是国际商业中最具是挑战性的因素之一。作为一种体系，文化具有既定社会成员习得性行为模式的特点，不断受到一些动态变量的塑造，如：语言、宗教信仰、价 值观、态度、行为方式和风俗习惯、美学、科技、教育和社会制度。为了应对这一体系，一个国际经理需要了解文化知识并对此作出诠释。在某种程度上，文化知识 可以通过学习获得，但对文化的诠释只能通过实践获得。

 

应对文化环境最复杂的问题源于这样一个事实：人生在文化中但却不能学习文化。关于如何应对文化的多样性，商界中存在两种观点。一种认为，商业是世界性的，遵循百事（ Pepsi）和麦当劳（ McDonald）的模式。在某些情况下，全球化就是生活；但是，文化差异仍然难以趋同。

 

另外一种观点认为，企业必须调整其策略以适应特别的文化。在各个国家建立政策和程序就如同器官移植，关键的问题是以接受或排斥为中心。国际经理面临的主要挑战是要确认排斥不是由文化近视或者盲目所引起的。

 

财富（ Fortune）对十二个海外收入占其总收入 20%或更多的大公司的国际业绩进行了研究。成功的国际公司都有一个重要的特征：耐心。它们不是冒失地闯入而是遵循最基本的商业原则认真地营造自己的经营活动。这些原则就是了解对手、了解观众以及了解顾客。

 

【答案解析】

 

57.【解析】［ C］推断题。意为“在商业中怎样对待文化有着不同意见”。 文化在商业中是一个很具挑战性的因素 ,不同的国家与地区可能会有不同的文化体系。在商业中，应该怎样对待不同的文化，商业界存在着不同的看法。

 

58.【解析】［ A］细节题。 Pepsi采纳的是国际化的商业风格，这与那些主张国际化的派别的意见是相一致的。

 

59.【解析】［ C］推断题。意为“承认商业世界中文化的多元性”。两个派别都承认商业世界中文化的多元性。他们的不同在于，如何对待不同的文化，应该搞国际化还是对不同的文化采取不同的策略。

 

60.【解析】［ D］主旨题。由文中的例子可以知道，作者主要关心的并不是研究多种文化形态，而是文化背景对商业运作的影响。所以 D是正确答案。

 

61.【解析】［ B］细节题。意为“都具有耐心这一素质”。即他们并不急于对号入座而是依据最基本的商业原则谨慎地建立自己的运行模式。

 

完形填空

 

Part Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)

 

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked ［ A ］ , ［ B ］ , ［ C ］ and ［ D ］ on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

 

Who won the World Cup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play? 67 an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets 68 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to 69 the news. Newspapers have one basic 70 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to 71 it. Radio, telegraph, television,and 72 inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication. 73 , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the 74 and thus the efficiency of their own operations. Today more newspapers are 75 and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers 76 of the latest news, today’s newspapers 77 and influence readers about politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers’ economic choices 78 advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very 79 .News-papers are sold at a price that 80 even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main 81 of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The 82 in selling advertising depends on a newspaper’s value to advertisers. This 83 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends 84 on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment 85 in a newspaper’s pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper’s value to readers as a source of information 86 the community, city, country, state, nation, and world—and even outer space.

 

67.［ A］ Just when     ［ B］ While      ［ C］ Soon after     ［ D］ Before

68.［ A］ to give      ［ B］ giving         ［ C］ given          ［ D］ being given

69.［ A］ gather       ［ B］ spread        ［ C］ carry          ［ D］ bring

70.［ A］ reason        ［ B］ cause         ［ C］ problem       ［ D］ purpose

71.［ A］ make         ［ B］ publish       ［ C］ know          ［ D］ write

72.［ A］ another      ［ B］ other         ［ C］ one another   ［ D］ the other

73.［ A］ However      ［ B］ And            ［ C］ Therefore     ［ D］ So

74.［ A］ value        ［ B］ ratio          ［ C］ rate          ［ D］ speed

75.［ A］ spread       ［ B］ passed        ［ C］ printed        ［ D］ completed

76.［ A］ inform         ［ B］ be informed   ［ C］ to informed    ［ D］ informed

77.［ A］ entertain    ［ B］ encourage     ［ C］ educate       ［ D］ edit

78.［ A］ on           ［ B］ through       ［ C］ with          ［ D］ of

79.［ A］ forms        ［ B］ existence     ［ C］ contents      ［ D］ purpose

80.［ A］ tries to cover    ［ B］ manages to cover［ C］ fails to cover   ［ D］ succeeds in

81.［ A］ source        ［ B］ origin        ［ C］ course        ［ D］ finance

82.［ A］ way           ［ B］ means         ［ C］ chance         ［ D］ success

83.［ A］ measures     ［ B］ measured      ［ C］ is measured   ［ D］ was measured

84.［ A］ somewhat      ［ B］ little        ［ C］ much           ［ D］ something

85.［ A］ offering     ［ B］ offered       ［ C］ which offered  ［ D］ to be offered

86.［ A］ by            ［ B］ with          ［ C］ at             ［ D］ about

 

【全文翻译】

 

谁获得了 1994年 世界杯足球赛的冠军？联合国发生了什么事情？批评家如何喜欢新剧？一个事件刚刚发生，街上就有报纸报道详情了。世界上无论什么地方发生事情，现场的消息报 道就出现了。报纸有一个基本的目的，即尽快从消息来源地、消息制造者处获得消息，并把它传递给想要知道消息的人。无线电、电报、电视及其他发明是报纸的竞 争对手。杂志和其他通讯方式的发展也给报纸带来竞争。然而，这种竞争只是加速了报纸的发展。报纸很快地利用更新、更快的通讯手段来提高速度，进而改善自身 的运作效率。现在发行的报纸远远超过了以前任何时候。竞争也使报纸向其他许多领域扩展。除了不断为读者提供最新的新闻外，现在的报纸还通过政治报道和其他 的重要事件来教育和影响读者，通过广告来影响读者的经济选择。大部分报纸依靠广告收入来维持生存，其售价较低，甚至不足以抵付其成本的一小部分。大部分报 纸的收入来源于商业广告，而广告业务的成功取决于报纸在客户（要登广告的人）心中的价值。这种价值是以发行量来衡量的。有多少人阅读该报纸呢？发行量的大 小，很大程度上取决于发行部门的工作及报纸所提供的服务或娱乐。但是，很大程度上，报纸作为关于社区、城市、国家、州、民族、世界甚至外层空间的信息来 源，它的发行量取决于其对读者的价值。

 

【答案解析】

 

67.【解析】［ A］ just在此为副词，意为“刚刚”，做状语。此句意为“一个事件刚刚发生，街上就有报纸报道详情了”，说明报纸对新闻的反应之快。

68.【解析】［ A］ to give和 giving都合乎语法，但 giving强调的是正在发生的动作，而此处重点表达的是“反应快”，不是正在做什么。

69.【解析】［ A］消息、信息要靠收集。

70.【解析】［ D］后面的不定式短语表示目的。

71.【解析】［ C］提供信息的目的是为了让他人知道，所以选 C。

72.【解析】［ B］ other意为“其他的”。此句意为：无线电、电报、电视及其他发明，成为报纸的竞争对手。

73.【解析】［ A］根据句中的 merely及其后所述内容，应选 however，表转折。

74.【解析】［ D］使用更新、更快的通信工具，目的是提高速度。

75.【解析】［ C］报纸是印出来的，先印后看 (读 )。

76.【解析】［ D］“ keep sb. 过去分词”是一种复合结构， sb.与过去分词为被动关系，意为保持这种关系的继续。此句的意思是：报纸不断地为读者提供新闻信息。

77.【解析】［ C］关于 politics之类的严肃话题 ,只能选 educate。

78.【解析】［ B］此句意为：报纸通过广告影响读者在经济生活中的选择。

79.【解析】［ B］大多数报纸依靠广告收入来维持生存，此现象人人皆知。

80.【解析】［ C］报纸的售价之低，不足以抵付成本的一小部分。符合上下文关于广告收入的说法。

81.【解析】［ A］收入来源应该用 source。因为 source指河流、泉水的发源地；常指抽象事物的根源或来源以及资料、信息的出处或来源。 origin起源，起因。指事物后来发生、发展变化的最初起点 ,或指人的出身和血统。

82.【解析】［ D］ succeed in为固定短语。此句意为：广告业务的成功，取决于报纸在客户 (要打广告的人 )心中的价值。

83.【解析】［ C］根据上下文，此处应该用一般现在时的被动语态，此句意为：报纸在客户心中的价值，是靠发行量衡量的。

84.【解析】［ C］该句意为：发行量的大小，很大程度上取决于发行部门的工作及报纸所提供的服务功能和娱乐功能。

85.【解析】［ B］ offered作 services和 entertainment的定语。

86.【解析】［ D］ information后面接介词 about，表示“关于”。

翻译

Part Ⅵ Translation(5 minutes)

 

Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into , English the Chinese given in brackets.

 

87.There’ s a man at the reception desk who see, ms very angry and I think he means          (想找麻烦 ).

88.Why didn’ t you tell me you could lend me the money? I               (本来不必从银行借钱的 ).

89.              (正是由于她太没有经验 ) that she does not know how to deal with the situation.

90.I              (将做实验 ) from three to five this afternoon.

91.If this can’ t be settled reasonably, it may be necessary to               (诉诸武力 ).

 

答案

 

87.【答案】 to make trouble

【解析】找麻烦，用固定词组 make trouble即可， make trouble 即“制造麻烦，捣乱”之意。

88.【答案】 needn’ t have borrowed it from the bank

【解析】本题考查虚拟语气的用法， needn’ t have done的结构是“本不必这样做而做了”的意思。

89.【答案】 It is because she is so inexperienced

【解析】没有经验可以用一个形容词来翻译，即 inexperienced。

90.【答案】 will be doing/conducting the experiment

【解析】本题考查将来进行时态的用法，做实验既可用 do experiment也可用 conduct experiment。

91.【答案】 resort to force

【解析】本题亦考查固定词组用法，“诉诸武力”有固定词组 resort to force。