JPA中多对多的实现

林里风咏

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JPA Seam Eclipse JBoss JDBC

我是用自己搭建的一个seam工程，去实现JPA中的多对多的关系
示例背景：
一个学生可以有多个老师，一个老师也可以有多个学生，这是一个我们都知道事实

先自己建一个seam工程，不要用Eclipse自动自成，那样会有很多问题，所以还是自己建。
目录结构如下
[img][/img]

1.Student.java类 这是关系维护端

package com.cyberwise.jpa.many2many;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Version;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
@Entity
@Table(name = "students")
public class Student implements Serializable {

	@Version
	private long version;

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	private int stu_id;

	private String stu_name;

	private String sex;

	private int age;

	@ManyToMany(cascade = CascadeType.REFRESH)
	@JoinTable(name = "stu_tea", inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "teacher_id", referencedColumnName = "tea_id"), // 外键名
	joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "student_id", referencedColumnName = "stu_id"))
	// 关系维护端定义
	private Set<Teacher> teacher = new HashSet<Teacher>();

	public Student() {

	}

	public long getVersion() {
		return version;
	}

	public void setVersion(long version) {
		this.version = version;
	}

	public int getStu_id() {
		return stu_id;
	}

	public void setStu_id(int stu_id) {
		this.stu_id = stu_id;
	}

	public String getStu_name() {
		return stu_name;
	}

	public void setStu_name(String stu_name) {
		this.stu_name = stu_name;
	}

	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public Set<Teacher> getTeacher() {
		return teacher;
	}

	public void setTeacher(Set<Teacher> teacher) {
		this.teacher = teacher;
	}

	public void addTeacher(Teacher teachers) {
		this.teacher.add(teachers);
	}

	/*
	 * 凭什么判断teacher在集合teachers中呢？是根据teacher的id。
	 * 这就要求必要重写Teacher.java的hasCode和equals方法
	 * ，通过这两个方法来判断对象是否相等。
	 */
	public void removeTeacher(Teacher teachers) {
		this.teacher.remove(teachers);
	}

}

2.Teacher.java类 这是关系被维护端

package com.cyberwise.jpa.many2many;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Version;

@Entity
@Table(name="teachers")
public class Teacher {
	
	@Version
	private long version;
	
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	private int tea_id;
	
	private String tea_name;
	
	private String sex;
	
	private int age;
	
	@ManyToMany(cascade=CascadeType.REFRESH,mappedBy="teacher")
	private Set<Student> student = new HashSet<Student>();

	public long getVersion() {
		return version;
	}

	public void setVersion(long version) {
		this.version = version;
	}

	public int getTea_id() {
		return tea_id;
	}

	public void setTea_id(int tea_id) {
		this.tea_id = tea_id;
	}

	public String getTea_name() {
		return tea_name;
	}

	public void setTea_name(String tea_name) {
		this.tea_name = tea_name;
	}

	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public Set<Student> getStudent() {
		return student;
	}

	public void setStudent(Set<Student> student) {
		this.student = student;
	}

	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
		final int prime = 31;
		int result = 1;
		result = prime * result + age;
		result = prime * result + ((sex == null) ? 0 : sex.hashCode());
		result = prime * result + ((student == null) ? 0 : student.hashCode());
		result = prime * result + tea_id;
		result = prime * result
				+ ((tea_name == null) ? 0 : tea_name.hashCode());
		result = prime * result + (int) (version ^ (version >>> 32));
		return result;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
		if (this == obj)
			return true;
		if (obj == null)
			return false;
		if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
			return false;
		Teacher other = (Teacher) obj;
		if (age != other.age)
			return false;
		if (sex == null) {
			if (other.sex != null)
				return false;
		} else if (!sex.equals(other.sex))
			return false;
		if (student == null) {
			if (other.student != null)
				return false;
		} else if (!student.equals(other.student))
			return false;
		if (tea_id != other.tea_id)
			return false;
		if (tea_name == null) {
			if (other.tea_name != null)
				return false;
		} else if (!tea_name.equals(other.tea_name))
			return false;
		if (version != other.version)
			return false;
		return true;
	}

}

3.Many2ManyTest.java类 这是测试方法

package com.cyberwise.jpa.many2many;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

import org.jboss.seam.annotations.In;
/*manager.find(Teacher.class, 5);像这样的参数要根据自己的项目来
*/
public class Many2ManyTest {

	@In
	EntityManagerFactory factory;

	@In
	EntityManager manager;

	/**
	 * 执行第一次，一个学生对应一个老师,即一个新学生与一个新老师
	 */
	public void save() {
		factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("test");
		manager = factory.createEntityManager();
		manager.getTransaction().begin();

		Student s = new Student();
		s.setStu_name("小静");
		s.setAge(20);
		s.setSex("女");

		Teacher t = new Teacher();
		t.setTea_name("钟老师");
		t.setAge(25);
		t.setSex("男");

		Set<Teacher> tea = new HashSet<Teacher>();
		tea.add(t);

		Set<Student> stu = new HashSet<Student>();
		stu.add(s);

		t.setStudent(stu);
		s.setTeacher(tea);

		manager.persist(t);
		manager.persist(s);

		manager.getTransaction().commit();
		manager.close();
		factory.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 这是添加第二个学生，但是他也是对应着第一个老师 是因为这个老师已经存在了，但是学生不存在
	 */
	public void saveSecond() {
		factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("test");
		manager = factory.createEntityManager();
		manager.getTransaction().begin();

		Student s = new Student();
		s.setStu_name("小美");
		s.setAge(19);
		s.setSex("女");

		Set<Student> stu = new HashSet<Student>();
		stu.add(s);

		/* 这是先查出那个老师，在把老师放到学生中去 */
		Teacher teacher = manager.find(Teacher.class, 6);
		s.addTeacher(teacher);

		manager.persist(s);

		manager.getTransaction().commit();
		manager.close();
		factory.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 5号学生对应1号老师和四号老师 学生存在，老师也存在
	 */
	public void buildST() {
		factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("test");
		manager = factory.createEntityManager();
		manager.getTransaction().begin();

		Teacher teacher = manager.find(Teacher.class, 5);
		Student student = manager.find(Student.class, 4);
		student.addTeacher(teacher);

		manager.merge(student);

		manager.getTransaction().commit();
		manager.close();
		factory.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 老师查询学生
	 */
	public void selectStudent() {
		factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("test");
		manager = factory.createEntityManager();

		Teacher te = manager.find(Teacher.class, 5);// 这是查询1号老师对应的学生
		Set<Student> stu = te.getStudent();
		System.out.println(te.getTea_name() + "的学生有：");
		for (Iterator<Student> iterator = stu.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) {
			Student s = iterator.next();
			System.out.println(s.getStu_name());
		}

		manager.close();
		factory.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 学生查询老师
	 */
	public void selectTeacher() {
		factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("test");
		manager = factory.createEntityManager();

		Student stu = manager.find(Student.class, 5);
		Set<Teacher> tea = stu.getTeacher();
		System.out.println(stu.getStu_name() + "的老师有：");
		for (Iterator<Teacher> iterator = tea.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) {
			Teacher t = iterator.next();
			System.out.println(t.getTea_name());
		}

		manager.close();
		factory.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 解除老师与学生的关系
	 */
	public void removeS_T() {
		factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("test");
		manager = factory.createEntityManager();
		manager.getTransaction().begin();

		// 首先得到学生，因为学生是关系维护端，通过关系维护端建立关系
		Student s = manager.find(Student.class, 12);// 解除1号学生与1号老师的关联

		// 这就表示解除了学生与老师间的关系
		// 所谓解除跟老师的关系，就是把老师从集合里面删去。
		// 解除关系，体现在JDBC上面，就是在中间表删除一条记录。
		s.removeTeacher(manager.getReference(Teacher.class, 6));

		manager.getTransaction().commit();
		manager.close();
		factory.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 删除老师，老师与学生已经建立关系
	 */
	public void delectTeacher() {
		factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("test");
		manager = factory.createEntityManager();
		manager.getTransaction().begin();

		// 要删除老师，先把与老师有关联的学生找出来,解除他们的关系才可以
		Student student = manager.find(Student.class, 11);
		Teacher teacher = manager.getReference(Teacher.class, 6);

		/*
		 * 不能这样写， manager.remove(em.getReference(Teacher.class, 1));
		 * 因为不需要发生装载行为，只需要一个托管状态的实体，所以gerReference可以提供
		 */

		// student是关系维护端，有权利删除外键，只要在对象中删除了teacher，那么中间表中相关外键记录也就被删除了。
		student.removeTeacher(teacher);// 这是解除他们的关系
		manager.remove(teacher);// 这是删除老师

		manager.getTransaction().commit();
		manager.close();
		factory.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 删除学生，老师与学生有关联
	 */
	public void delectStudent() {
		factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("test");
		manager = factory.createEntityManager();
		manager.getTransaction().begin();

		/* student端是关系维护端，是可以直接删除的，不需要解除外键 */
		Student student = manager.getReference(Student.class, 13);
		manager.remove(student);

		manager.getTransaction().commit();
		manager.close();
		factory.close();
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		Many2ManyTest test = new Many2ManyTest();
		// test.save();
		// test.saveSecond();
		// test.buildST();
		// test.selectStudent();
		// test.selectTeacher();
		// test.removeS_T();
		// test.delectTeacher();
		test.delectStudent();
	}

}