Spreadsheet::WriteExcel 和 Spreadsheet::Read 对 excel 文件的读写

Spreadsheet::WriteExcel 和 Spreadsheet::Read 对 excel 文件的读写

2010-05-08 16:49

转自http://hi.baidu.com/%C2%ED%B3%A4%D5%F72008/blog/item/16cc0f4eedb7553aafc3ab9a.html

因为工作需要，给一些内容的结果需要转换成excel给上面看，所以用perl来实现这个事件，发现perl来写excel实在是太容易了。。我真想学老罗的讲"太容易了，实在是太容易了".

在 2000 年，Takanori Kawai 和 John McNamara 编写出了 Spreadsheet::WriteExcel 和 Spreadsheet::ParseExcel 模块并将它们张贴在 CPAN 上，这两个模块使得在任何平台上从 Excel 文件抽取数据成为可能。

 

perl写excel这个模块的内容

 

 

 

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
 
use Encode;
use Spreadsheet::WriteExcel;
 
# 设置new一个对象出来，并写上需要存成什么名字的xls
my $xls = Spreadsheet::WriteExcel->new( "fukaiss.xls" );
 
# xml的内容名字
my $xlsContent = $xls->add_worksheet( 'report' );
 
# 这是对格式的设置，我们可以设置一个标题的，一个内容的，
# 我现在只设置一个内容
my $contentStyle = $xls->add_format();
    $contentStyle->set_size( 8 );
    $contentStyle->set_bold();           #设置字体为粗体
    $contentStyle->set_align( 'center' );#设置单元格居中
    $contentStyle->set_text_wrap();      #是否回车换行
    $contentStyle->set_color('red');     #设置单元格前景色为红色
 
# 写表内容（格式是使用上面添加的表格式）
# 这个中的A,B,C是设置的excel中上面行的字母
# 这个地方中的文字我用了decode这样中文才能正常显示
# 最后面的contentStyle是我上面设置的行风格
 
$xlsContent->write( "A1", decode( 'utf8', "名字" ), $contentStyle );
$xlsContent->write( "B1", decode( 'utf8', "时间" ), $contentStyle );
$xlsContent->write( "C2", decode( 'utf8', "语言" ), $contentStyle );
#$xlsContent->write($row, $col, 'Hi Excel!', $format); #行，列，内容，格式
 
#这是关闭，上面的内容设置成循环就能生成很多行了
$xls->close();

 

其它一些有用的设置

# #设置列的宽度
set_column($first_col, $last_col, $width, $format, $hidden, $level, $collapsed)

 

 

 

下面perl是读excel文件内容

 

我用的Spreadsheet::Read 模块可以读取xls,csv和sxc等格式的文件,这是那本Perl Hacks上非常推荐的读这些的模块.

#!/usr/bin/perl
use Spreadsheet::Read;
use Data::Dumper;
use Smart::Comments;
 
my $file = '2808861.xls';
my $spreadsheet = ReadData( $file) or die "Cannot read file ";#指定读的文件名
my $sheet_count = $spreadsheet->[0]{sheets} or die "No sheets in $file\n"; #这个是查有几个sheet
for my $sheet_index (1 .. $sheet_count){
    my $sheet = $spreadsheet->[$sheet_index] or next;
    printf("%s - %2d: [%-s] %3d Cols, %5d Rows\n",
                     $file,$sheet_index,$sheet->{label},$sheet->{maxcol},$sheet->{maxrow});#label是sheet名
    for my $row (1 .. $sheet->{maxrow}) {
        print join "\t" => map {
                                my $data = $sheet->{cell}[$_][$row] ;
                                defined $data ? $data : "-";
                }1 .. $sheet->{maxcol};
        print "\n";
    };
}

 

 

# 传一个输出的文件和一个数组和数组就能输入 execl 啦，记的第一行做标题
sub excelWrite(
    my ( $filename, $file ) = @_;
    my $xls = Spreadsheet::WriteExcel::Big->new( "$filename" );
    $xls->compatibility_mode();
    my $xlsContent= $xls->add_worksheet( "$filename" );
 
    # 标题风格
    my $titleStyle  = $xls->add_format( 
                                        size    => 10,
                                        bold    => 1,
                                        border  => 2,
                                        align   => 'center',
                                    );
    # 内容风格
    my $rowStyle    = $xls->add_format( 
                                        align   => 'left',
                                        border  => 1,
                                    );
    # 设置行的宽,先查出全部有数据的一行,来做为宽度的基准
    my @tmp = ();
    foreach my $line ( 2 .. $#{$file} ){
        foreach my $contentNu ( 0 .. $#{$file->[$line]} ){
           next if $tmp[$contentNu];
           $tmp[$contentNu] = $file->[$line][$contentNu];
        }
    }
 
    foreach ( 0 .. $#tmp ){
        $xlsContent->set_column( $_ , $_+1, 4 + length $tmp[$_]);
    }
 
    # 列
    my $row = 0;
    foreach my $line ( @{$file} ){
 
        # 对风格的处理,第一行不一样
        my $Style = $rowStyle;
        if ($row == 0 ){
            $Style = $titleStyle; 
        }
 
        # 行处理
        my $col = 0;
        foreach my $content ( @{$line} ){
            chomp $content;
            $xlsContent->set_row($row, 23);
            $xlsContent->write( $row, $col, decode("gbk",$content) ,$Style );     
            $col ++;
        }
 
        $row ++;
    }
    $xls->close();
}

 

*********将现有的excel文件导入到新的excel文件中实例*********
import.pl

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
use Spreadsheet::ParseExcel;
use Spreadsheet::WriteExcel;
use Data::Dumper;
# cobbled together from examples for the Spreadsheet::ParseExcel and
# Spreadsheet::WriteExcel modules
my $sourcename = shift @ARGV;
my $destname = shift @ARGV or die "invocation: $0 <source file> <destination file>";
my $source_excel = new Spreadsheet::ParseExcel;
my $source_book = $source_excel->Parse($sourcename)
 or die "Could not open source Excel file $sourcename: $!";
my $storage_book;
foreach my $source_sheet_number (0 .. $source_book->{SheetCount}-1)
{
 my $source_sheet = $source_book->{Worksheet}[$source_sheet_number];
 print "--------- SHEET:", $source_sheet->{Name}, "\n";
 # sanity checking on the source file: rows and columns should be sensible
 next unless defined $source_sheet->{MaxRow};
 next unless $source_sheet->{MinRow} <= $source_sheet->{MaxRow};
 next unless defined $source_sheet->{MaxCol};
 next unless $source_sheet->{MinCol} <= $source_sheet->{MaxCol};
 foreach my $row_index ($source_sheet->{MinRow} .. $source_sheet->{MaxRow})
 {
  foreach my $col_index ($source_sheet->{MinCol} .. $source_sheet->{MaxCol})
  {
   my $source_cell = $source_sheet->{Cells}[$row_index][$col_index];
   if ($source_cell)
   {
    print "( $row_index , $col_index ) =>", $source_cell->Value, "\n";
    if ($source_cell->{Type} eq 'Numeric')
    {
  $storage_book->{$source_sheet->{Name}}->{$row_index}->{$col_index} = $source_cell->Value*2;
    }
    else
    {
  $storage_book->{$source_sheet->{Name}}->{$row_index}->{$col_index} = $source_cell->Value;
    } # end of if/else
   } # end of source_cell check
  } # foreach col_index
 } # foreach row_index
} # foreach source_sheet_number
print "Perl recognized the following data (sheet/row/column order):\n";
print Dumper $storage_book;
my $dest_book  = Spreadsheet::WriteExcel->new("$destname")
 or die "Could not create a new Excel file in $destname: $!";
print "\n\nSaving recognized data in $destname...";
foreach my $sheet (keys %$storage_book)
{
 my $dest_sheet = $dest_book->addworksheet($sheet);
 foreach my $row (keys %{$storage_book->{$sheet}})
 {
  foreach my $col (keys %{$storage_book->{$sheet}->{$row}})
  {
   $dest_sheet->write($row, $col, $storage_book->{$sheet}->{$row}->{$col});
  } # foreach column
 } # foreach row
} # foreach sheet
$dest_book->close();
print "done!\n";

#import.pl source.xls des.xls