从SQL Server中导入/导出Excel的基本方法

从excel文档中,导入数据到sql数据库中,很简单,直接用下面的语句:

从excel文档中,导入数据到sql数据库中,很简单,直接用下面的语句:

--假如接受数据导入的表已存在
insert into 表 select * from
openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0
,excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:test.xls,sheet1$)

--假如导入数据并生成表
select * into 表 from
openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0
,excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:test.xls,sheet1$)

--假如从sql数据库中,导出数据到excel,假如excel文档已存在,而且已按照要接收的数据创建好表头,就能够简单的用:
insert into openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0
,excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:test.xls,sheet1$)
select * from 表

--假如excel文档不存在,也能够用bcp来导成类excel的文档,注意大小写:
--导出表的情况
exec master..xp_cmdshell bcp 数据库名.dbo.表名 out 'c:test.xls' /c -/s'服务器名' /u'用户名' -p'密码'

--导出查询的情况
exec master..xp_cmdshell bcp 'select au_fname, au_lname from pubs..authors order by au_lname' queryout 'c:test.xls' /c -/s'服务器名' /u'用户名' -p'密码'

--上面已说过,用bcp导出的是类excel文档,其实质为文本文档,

--要导出真正的excel文档.就用下面的方法

if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(n[dbo].[p_exporttb]) and objectproperty(id, nisprocedure) = 1)
drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]
go

create proc p_exporttb
@tbname sysname, --要导出的表名
@path nvarchar(1000), --文档存放目录
@fname nvarchar(250)= --文档名,默认为表名
as
declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out int
declare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)

--参数检测
if isnull(@fname,)= set @fname=@tbname+.xls

--检查文档是否已存在
if right(@path,1)<> set @path=@path+
create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)
set @sql=@path+@fname
insert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql

--数据库创建语句
set @sql=@path+@fname
if exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)
set @constr=driver={microsoft excel driver (*.xls)};dsn=;readonly=false
+;create_db=' +;database=+@sql+'

--连接数据库
exec @err=sp_oacreate adodb.connection,@obj out
if @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,open,null,@constr
if @err<>0 goto lberr

--创建表的sql
select @sql=,@fdlist=
select @fdlist=@fdlist+,[+a.name+]
,@sql=@sql+,[+a.name+]
+case when b.name in(char,nchar,varchar,nvarchar) then
text(+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+)
when b.name in(tynyint,int,bigint,tinyint) then int
when b.name in(smalldatetime,datetime) then datetime
when b.name in(money,smallmoney) then money
else b.name end
from syscolumns a left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype
where b.name not in(image,text,uniqueidentifier,sql_variant,ntext,varbinary,binary,timestamp)
and object_id(@tbname)=id
select @sql=create table [+@tbname
+](+substring(@sql,2,8000)+)
,@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,execute,@out out,@sql
if @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj

--导入数据
set @sql=openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes
;database=+@path+@fname+,[+@tbname+$])

exec(insert into +@sql+(+@fdlist+) select +@fdlist+ from +@tbname)

return

lberr:
exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out
lbexit:
select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号
,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述
select @sql,@constr,@fdlist
go
--上面是导表的,下面是导查询语句的.

if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(n[dbo].[p_exporttb]) and objectproperty(id, nisprocedure) = 1)
drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]
go

create proc p_exporttb
@sqlstr varchar(8000), --查询语句,假如查询语句中使用了order by ,请加上top 100 percent
@path nvarchar(1000), --文档存放目录
@fname nvarchar(250), --文档名
@sheetname varchar(250)= --要创建的工作表名,默认为文档名
as
declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out int
declare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)

--参数检测
if isnull(@fname,)= set @fname=temp.xls
if isnull(@sheetname,)= set @sheetname=replace(@fname,.,#)

--检查文档是否已存在
if right(@path,1)<> set @path=@path+
create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)
set @sql=@path+@fname
insert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql

--数据库创建语句
set @sql=@path+@fname
if exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)
set @constr=driver={microsoft excel driver (*.xls)};dsn=;readonly=false
+;create_db=' +;database=+@sql+'

--连接数据库
exec @err=sp_oacreate adodb.connection,@obj out
if @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,open,null,@constr
if @err<>0 goto lberr

--创建表的sql
declare @tbname sysname
set @tbname=##tmp_+convert(varchar(38),newid())
set @sql=select * into [+@tbname+] from(+@sqlstr+) a
exec(@sql)

select @sql=,@fdlist=
select @fdlist=@fdlist+,[+a.name+]
,@sql=@sql+,[+a.name+]
+case when b.name in(char,nchar,varchar,nvarchar) then
text(+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+)
when b.name in(tynyint,int,bigint,tinyint) then int
when b.name in(smalldatetime,datetime) then datetime
when b.name in(money,smallmoney) then money
else b.name end
from tempdb..syscolumns a left join tempdb..systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype
where b.name not in(image,text,uniqueidentifier,sql_variant,ntext,varbinary,binary,timestamp)
and a.id=(select id from tempdb..sysobjects where name=@tbname)
select @sql=create table [+@sheetname
+](+substring(@sql,2,8000)+)
,@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)

exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,execute,@out out,@sql
if @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj

--导入数据
set @sql=openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes
;database=+@path+@fname+,[+@sheetname+$])

exec(insert into +@sql+(+@fdlist+) select +@fdlist+ from [+@tbname+])

set @sql=drop table [+@tbname+]
exec(@sql)
return

lberr:
exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out
lbexit:
select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号
,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述
select @sql,@constr,@fdlist
go