IE和Firefox浏览器下javascript、CSS兼容性研究

转载：http://blog.csdn.net/herojams/archive/2009/07/01/4311884.aspx

为了将公司的产品在IE和Firefox下达到兼容，前段时间做了如下研究。由于之前准备的就是英文文档，我也懒得再翻译成中文了，呵呵。

首先你要在每个页面执行javascript之前引入下面这个我做好的兼容文件。


IEFirefox.js


1.      obj.firstChild/.lastChild/.nextSibling/.childNodes/.previousSibling should be changed. 3

2.      Assign a property “id” to HTML element if it miss “id” - 3

3.      Keep parameters case-sensitive between file.js and file.cs - 3

4.      Using getElementById(objId) to get a object instead of eval(objId) - 3

5.      Add <tr> between <thead>and<th> -- 4

6.      Change aRows(i).cells to aRows[i].cells - 4

7.      Using standard way to get/set customized value - 4

8.      Using standard way to remove an option. 5

9.      Firefox doesn’t support Expression in style file. 5

10.         Change the event onmouseleave() to onmouseout() - 5

11.         Change obj.fireEvent(eventname) to fireEvent(obj,eventname) - 5

12.         Don’t use the command document.readyState!="complete" - 5

13.         Don’t use window.createPopup() - 6

14.         Change document.body.scrollLeft to document.documentElement.scrollLeft 6

15.         Firefox dosen’t support filter property - 6

16.         Add a postfix ‘px’ to specify the width/height or position - 6

17.         Change style=”cursor:hander” to style=”cursor:pointer” - 7

18.         Don’t forget propertys “title” and “alt” for img element 7

19.         FireFox do not support the style “display:block” into <tr> -- 7

20.         Don’t forget setting opacity for firefox - 7

21.         Have browsers IE and FireFox compatible in .css - 8


   1. obj.firstChild/.lastChild/.nextSibling/.childNodes/.previousSibling should be changed.

Some functions exist in IE and Firefox, but they might implement different functionality, you can change them into our predefined function in SalIEFirefox.js.

Not compatible:

var wrongGet = obj.firstChild ;

var wrongGet = obj.lastChild ;

var wrongGet = obj.nextSibling ;

var wrongGet = obj.childNodes ;

var wrongGet = obj.previousSibling ;

Compatible

var rightGet = getFirstChild (obj)

var rightGet = getLastChild (obj)

var rightGet = getNextSibling (obj)

var rightGet = getChildNodes (obj)

var rightGet = getPreviousSibling (obj)



   1. Assign a property “id” to HTML element if it miss “id”

Add “id” for every HTML element, because if there is only “name” for HTML element, IE will assign the “name” value to “id”, but Firefox will not.

Not compatible:

tmpHtml.Append("<input type=\"text\" name=\"" + str1 + "\" value=\"0\">" );

Compatible:

tmpHtml.Append("<input type=\"text\" name=\"" + str1 + "\" id=\"" + str1 + "\" value=\"0\">" );



   1. Keep parameters case-sensitive between file.js and file.cs

It is case-sensitive for HTML element’s id and any parameter in Firefox

Not compatible:

.js var tableDrag= document.getElementById(SectionId+"_dataTable" );

.cs       sbdTempHtml.Append("<table id=\"" + SectionId + "_datatable \">" );

Compatible:

.js var tableDrag= document.getElementById(SectionId+"_dataTable" );

.cs       sbdTempHtml.Append("<table id=\"" + SectionId + "_dataTable \">" );



   1. Using getElementById(objId) to get a object instead of eval(objId)

Don’t use “eval” to cast a string to Object, in other words, using GetElementById(strObjId) instead of eval(strObjId)

Not compatible:

objField1 = eval ("document.mainform.meritid" + i);

Compatible:

objField1 = document.getElementById ("document.mainform.meritid" + i);



You should be careful of the following:

Compatible:

var objAjax = eval ("SalaryCom.CompPlanner.CppElementScripts." + document.mainform.aaa.value);



   1. Add <tr> between <thead>and<th>

Add <tr> between <thead>and<th>, because in IE it will auto add <tr> for it, but Firefox will not. Then when you are trying to get some element using obj.parentNode() might be different.

Not compatible:

sbdTempHtml.Append("<table>" );

sbdTempHtml.Append("<thead>" );

sbdTempHtml.Append("<th width=\"100\">test field name 1</th>" );

sbdTempHtml.Append("<th width=\"200\">test field name 2</th>" );

sbdTempHtml.Append("</thead>" );

sbdTempHtml.Append("<table>" );

Compatible:

sbdTempHtml.Append("<table>" );

sbdTempHtml.Append("<thead>" );

sbdTempHtml.Append("<tr>" );

sbdTempHtml.Append("<th width=\"100\">test field name 1</th>" );

sbdTempHtml.Append("<th width=\"200\">test field name 2</th>" );

sbdTempHtml.Append("</tr>" );

sbdTempHtml.Append("</thead>" );

sbdTempHtml.Append("<table>" );



   1. Change aRows(i).cells to aRows[i].cells

Not compatible:

aRows(i) .cells

Compatible:

aRows[i] .cells



   1. Using standard way to get/set customized value

Using the following standard way to get/set customized value for HTML element.



Not compatible:

var str = Obj.customizedvalue ;

Compatible:

var str = Obj.getAttribute( “ customizedvalue ”) ;



   1. Using standard way to remove an option.

Using the following standard way to remove an option in selected element.

Not compatible:

oSel.options.remove (oSel.selectedIndex);

Compatible:

oSel.remove (oSel.selectedIndex);



   1. Firefox doesn’t support Expression in style file.

Not compatible:

top : expression (parentNode.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode.scrollTop) ;

width :expression (document.getElementById('CenterDIV').offsetWidth-16+'px') ;

Compatible:

        Consider to use JS method instead of using expression in css.



   1. Change the event onmouseleave() to onmouseout()

There is no event of onmouseleave() in Firefox, you should change it to onmouseout(),but be careful to change it like following

Not compatible:

div.attachEvent("onmouseleave" ,new Function("clearPopUpMenu();" ));

Compatible:

div.attachEvent("onmouseout" ,new Function("clearPopUpMenu();" ));



   1. Change obj.fireEvent(eventname) to fireEvent(obj,eventname)

There is no method obj.fireEvent() in Firefox, you should change it to following:

Not compatible:

div.fireEvent( "onscroll");

Compatible:

fireEvent(div, "onscroll");



   1. Don’t use the command document.readyState!="complete"

Firefox doesn’t support this command document.readyState!="complete"

Not compatible:

              if (document.readyState!="complete" )



   1. Don’t use window.createPopup()

Don’t use window.createPopup() method to create a popup window.

Not compatible:

           window.createPopup();



   1. Change document.body.scrollLeft to document.documentElement.scrollLeft

There are some differences between body.scrollLeft and other HTML element(documentElement.scrollLeft), you should care about it.

Not compatible:

var _left = document.body.scrollLeft;

Compatible:

var _left = document.documentElement.scrollLeft;

     

you should be careful of the following propertys which should be also applied in:

scrollHeight|scrollLeft|scrollTop|scrollWidth



   1. Firefox dosen’t support filter property

A file Cppu_ColorGradient.js can resolve the problem, include the file in Cppb_Header.ascx.cs and do something such as set classname and get client color and so on…



   1. Add a postfix ‘px’ to specify the width/height or position

Not compatible:

document.GetElementById(strObjId).style.width = 10;

Compatible:

document.GetElementById(strObjId).style.width = ‘10px’;



you should be careful of the following propertys which should be also applied in (you can ignore if it is a read only property).

width|height|right|left|scrollHeight|scrollWidth|scrollLeft|scrollTop|offsetHeight|offsetWidth|offsetLeft|offsetTop|clientHeight|clientWidth|clientLeft|clientTop|lineHeight|lineWidth



   1. Change style=”cursor:hander” to style=”cursor:pointer”

Not compatible:

style=”cursor:hander [k1]   ”

Compatible:

style=”cursor:pointer ”



   1. Don’t forget propertys “title” and “alt” for img element

You should assign “title” and “alt” property for img element. Because it will atuo assign “alt” value to “title” property in IE, while it will not in Firefox.

Not compatible:

sbdTempHtml.Append("<img src=\"../Graphics/i_expand.gif\" /></div>" );

Compatible:

sbdTempHtml.Append("<img alt=\"\" title=\"\" src=\"../Graphics/i_expand.gif\" /></div>" );



   1. FireFox do not support the style “display:block” into <tr>

we are using display:block on tr tag which is not correct in Firefox. After applying display:block, the layout of the table is broken. The default style for tr in Firefox should be ‘display:table-row’

Not compatible:

document.getElementById("hrmtr" ).style.display = "block" ;

Compatible:

if (window.isIE)

document.getElementById("hrmtr" ).style.display = "block" ;

else

document.getElementById("hrmtr" ).style.display = "" ;





   1. Don’t forget setting opacity for firefox

It is only applied in IE if you set opacity as “filter:alpha(opacity=50);”,

Not compatible:

filter :alpha(opacity=50) ;

Compatible:

filter :alpha(opacity=50) ;

-moz-opacity :0.5 ; /*css*/



/*The way in js*/

if (!window.isIE)

obj.style.MozOpacity = 0.5;



   1. Have browsers IE and FireFox compatible in .css

If you want to have browsers IE & FireFox compatible in .css, you should copy a line and prefixed “*”, and the line must be under the original line, then Firefox is hight priority automatically, IE will ignore it and only process a line prefixed “*”.

Not compatible:

margin :10px ;

Compatible:

  margin :20px ; /*for firefox*/

  *margin :10px ;     /*for ie7,ie6 */