oracle的递归查询

Start with...Connect By子句递归查询一般用于一个表维护树形结构的应用。

创建示例表：

CREATE TABLE TBL_TEST
(
  ID    NUMBER,
  NAME  VARCHAR2(100 BYTE),
  PID   NUMBER                                  DEFAULT 0
);

 

插入测试数据：

INSERT INTO TBL_TEST(ID,NAME,PID) VALUES('1','10','0');
INSERT INTO TBL_TEST(ID,NAME,PID) VALUES('2','11','1');
INSERT INTO TBL_TEST(ID,NAME,PID) VALUES('3','20','0');
INSERT INTO TBL_TEST(ID,NAME,PID) VALUES('4','12','1');
INSERT INTO TBL_TEST(ID,NAME,PID) VALUES('5','121','2');

 

从Root往树末梢递归

select * from TBL_TEST
 start with id=1
 connect by prior id = pid

 

从末梢往树ROOT递归

select * from TBL_TEST
 start with id=5
 connect by prior pid = id

=====

对于oracle进行简单树查询(递归查询)

 

DEPTID	PAREDEPTID	NAME
NUMBER	NUMBER	CHAR (40 Byte)
部门id	父部门id(所属部门id)	部门名称

 

通过子节点向根节点追朔.

select * from persons.dept start with deptid=76 connect by prior paredeptid=deptid

select * from persons.dept start with deptid=76 connect by prior paredeptid=deptid

 select * from persons.dept start with deptid=76 connect by prior paredeptid=deptid 

 

通过根节点遍历子节点.

select * from persons.dept start with paredeptid=0 connect by prior deptid=paredeptid

select * from persons.dept start with paredeptid=0 connect by prior deptid=paredeptid

select * from persons.dept start with paredeptid=0 connect by prior deptid=paredeptid 

 

可通过level 关键字查询所在层次.

select a.*,level from persons.dept a start with paredeptid=0 connect by prior deptid=paredeptid

select a.*,level from persons.dept a start with paredeptid=0 connect by prior deptid=paredeptid

select a.*,level from persons.dept a start with paredeptid=0 connect by prior deptid=paredeptid 

 

再次复习一下:start with ...connect by 的用法， start with 后面所跟的就是就是递归的种子。

递归的种子也就是递归开始的地方 connect by 后面的"prior" 如果缺省：则只能查询到符合条件的起始行，并不进行递归查询；

connect by prior 后面所放的字段是有关系的，它指明了查询的方向。

练习： 通过子节点获得顶节点

select FIRST_VALUE(deptid) OVER (ORDER BY LEVEL DESC ROWS UNBOUNDED PRECEDING) AS firstdeptid from persons.dept start with deptid=76 connect by prior paredeptid=deptid

====这种方法只是当表里就有一颗树,多棵树怎么办？