解决mysql“Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'”

直接使用/etc/mysql/debian.cnf文件中[client]节提供的用户名和密码:
# mysql -udebian-sys-maint -p
Enter password: <输入[client]节的密码>
mysql> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('newpassword') where USER='root';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> quit

# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: <输入新设的密码newpassword>