JDBC的各种数据库的驱动下载及连接字符串URL写法

各种数据库的JDBC驱动下载及连接字符串URL写法

sun官方网站上的JDBC驱动列表：http://java.sun.com/products/jdbc/reference/industrysupport/index.html

数 据 库 说 明

MySQL	http://www.mysql.com/products/connector/j/ Shipped. But need to download the latest for MySQL 4.1 or higher.
Oracle	http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/tech/java/sqlj_jdbc/index.html Included.
SQL Server by jTDS	http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=33291 Included. Support Microsoft SQL Server (6.5, 7, 2000 and 2005)
Postgres	http://jdbc.postgresql.org/download.html Included 7.3 JDBC 3
SAP DB	http://www.sapdb.org/sap_db_jdbc.htm Included.
SyBase by jTDS	http://jtds.sourceforge.net/ Included. Support Sybase (10, 11, 12)

以下内容来自互联网

1. MySQL(http://www.mysql.com) mysql-connector-java-2.0.14-bin.jar ;
Class.forName( "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver" );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:mysql://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:3306/myDatabaseName", sUsr, sPwd );
2. PostgreSQL(http://www.de.postgresql.org) pgjdbc2.jar ;
Class.forName( "org.postgresql.Driver" );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:postgresql://MyDbComputerNameOrIP/myDatabaseName", sUsr, sPwd );
3. Oracle(http://www.oracle.com/ip/deploy/database/oracle9i/) classes12.zip ;
Class.forName( "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:oracle:thin:@MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1521:ORCL", sUsr, sPwd );
4. Sybase(http://jtds.sourceforge.net) jconn2.jar ;
Class.forName( "com.sybase.jdbc2.jdbc.SybDriver" );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:sybase:Tds:MyDbComputerNameOrIP:2638", sUsr, sPwd );
//(Default-Username/Password: "dba"/"sql")
5. Microsoft SQLServer(http://jtds.sourceforge.net) ;
Class.forName( "net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver" );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1433/master", sUsr, sPwd );
6. Microsoft SQLServer(http://www.microsoft.com) ;
Class.forName( "com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver" );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1433;databaseName=master", sUsr, sPwd );
7. ODBC
Class.forName( "sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver" );
Connection cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:odbc:" + sDsn, sUsr, sPwd );
8.DB2 Class.forName("com.ibm.db2.jdbc.net.DB2Driver");
String url="jdbc:db2://192.9.200.108:6789/SAMPLE"
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( url, sUsr, sPwd );
9.access由于access并不是作为一项服务运行，所以url的方法对他不适用。access可以通过odbc，也可以通过服务器映射路径的形式找到.mdb文件,参见http://rmijdbc.objectweb.org/Access/access.html

JDBC API的使用方法
(1)登记并加载JDBC驱动程序；
两种方法：
Class.forName(String drivername);
DriverManager.registerDriver(Driver driver)

(2)建立与SQL数据库的连接；
DriverManager的getConnection()方法：
Connection getConnection(String url):url表示数据库地址字符串；
Connection getConnection(String url,String user,String pwd)
Connection getConnection(String url,Properties info)
(3)传送一个SQL查询；
Connection的createStatement()方法：
Statement createStatement();
Statement可以执行SQL语句，得到SQL查询结果。

(4)获得结果集。
Statement的执行SQL语句方法：
ResultSet executeQuery(String sql):执行select语句
int executeUpdate(String sql)：执行更新语句，如insert,delete,update.

(5)检索查询结果。
ResultSet的方法：
boolean next():没有行时返回false;
String getString(String columnName)：返回列名对应的值。