java字符串的各种编码转换

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

/**
* 转换字符串的编码
*/
public class ChangeCharset {
/** 7位ASCII字符，也叫作ISO646-US、Unicode字符集的基本拉丁块 */
public static final String US_ASCII = "US-ASCII";

/** ISO 拉丁字母表 No.1，也叫作 ISO-LATIN-1 */
public static final String ISO_8859_1 = "ISO-8859-1";

/** 8 位 UCS 转换格式 */
public static final String UTF_8 = "UTF-8";

/** 16 位 UCS 转换格式，Big Endian（最低地址存放高位字节）字节顺序 */
public static final String UTF_16BE = "UTF-16BE";

/** 16 位 UCS 转换格式，Little-endian（最高地址存放低位字节）字节顺序 */
public static final String UTF_16LE = "UTF-16LE";

/** 16 位 UCS 转换格式，字节顺序由可选的字节顺序标记来标识 */
public static final String UTF_16 = "UTF-16";

/** 中文超大字符集 */
public static final String GBK = "GBK";

/**
* 将字符编码转换成US-ASCII码
*/
public String toASCII(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException{
return this.changeCharset(str, US_ASCII);
}
/**
* 将字符编码转换成ISO-8859-1码
*/
public String toISO_8859_1(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException{
return this.changeCharset(str, ISO_8859_1);
}
/**
* 将字符编码转换成UTF-8码
*/
public String toUTF_8(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException{
return this.changeCharset(str, UTF_8);
}
/**
* 将字符编码转换成UTF-16BE码
*/
public String toUTF_16BE(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException{
return this.changeCharset(str, UTF_16BE);
}
/**
* 将字符编码转换成UTF-16LE码
*/
public String toUTF_16LE(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException{
return this.changeCharset(str, UTF_16LE);
}
/**
* 将字符编码转换成UTF-16码
*/
public String toUTF_16(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException{
return this.changeCharset(str, UTF_16);
}
/**
* 将字符编码转换成GBK码
*/
public String toGBK(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException{
return this.changeCharset(str, GBK);
}

/**
* 字符串编码转换的实现方法
* @param str 待转换编码的字符串
* @param newCharset 目标编码
* @return
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
*/
public String changeCharset(String str, String newCharset)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
if (str != null) {
//用默认字符编码解码字符串。
byte[] bs = str.getBytes();
//用新的字符编码生成字符串
return new String(bs, newCharset);
}
return null;
}
/**
* 字符串编码转换的实现方法
* @param str 待转换编码的字符串
* @param oldCharset 原编码
* @param newCharset 目标编码
* @return
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
*/
public String changeCharset(String str, String oldCharset, String newCharset)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
if (str != null) {
//用旧的字符编码解码字符串。解码可能会出现异常。
byte[] bs = str.getBytes(oldCharset);
//用新的字符编码生成字符串
return new String(bs, newCharset);
}
return null;
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
ChangeCharset test = new ChangeCharset();
String str = "This is a 中文的 String!";
System.out.println("str: " + str);
String gbk = test.toGBK(str);
System.out.println("转换成GBK码: " + gbk);
System.out.println();
String ascii = test.toASCII(str);
System.out.println("转换成US-ASCII码: " + ascii);
gbk = test.changeCharset(ascii,ChangeCharset.US_ASCII, ChangeCharset.GBK);
System.out.println("再把ASCII码的字符串转换成GBK码: " + gbk);
System.out.println();
String iso88591 = test.toISO_8859_1(str);
System.out.println("转换成ISO-8859-1码: " + iso88591);
gbk = test.changeCharset(iso88591,ChangeCharset.ISO_8859_1, ChangeCharset.GBK);
System.out.println("再把ISO-8859-1码的字符串转换成GBK码: " + gbk);
System.out.println();
String utf8 = test.toUTF_8(str);
System.out.println("转换成UTF-8码: " + utf8);
gbk = test.changeCharset(utf8,ChangeCharset.UTF_8, ChangeCharset.GBK);
System.out.println("再把UTF-8码的字符串转换成GBK码: " + gbk);
System.out.println();
String utf16be = test.toUTF_16BE(str);
System.out.println("转换成UTF-16BE码:" + utf16be);
gbk = test.changeCharset(utf16be,ChangeCharset.UTF_16BE, ChangeCharset.GBK);
System.out.println("再把UTF-16BE码的字符串转换成GBK码: " + gbk);
System.out.println();
String utf16le = test.toUTF_16LE(str);
System.out.println("转换成UTF-16LE码:" + utf16le);
gbk = test.changeCharset(utf16le,ChangeCharset.UTF_16LE, ChangeCharset.GBK);
System.out.println("再把UTF-16LE码的字符串转换成GBK码: " + gbk);
System.out.println();
String utf16 = test.toUTF_16(str);
System.out.println("转换成UTF-16码:" + utf16);
gbk = test.changeCharset(utf16,ChangeCharset.UTF_16LE, ChangeCharset.GBK);
System.out.println("再把UTF-16码的字符串转换成GBK码: " + gbk);
String s = new String("中文".getBytes("UTF-8"),"UTF-8");
System.out.println(s);
}
}