Spring管理事务的若干配置形式

虽说利用Spring来实现配置式事务的基本原理都是AOP，但其配置方法也多种多样，以下从互联网摘抄了一些，希望起一个总结作用（有版权问题的话请留言作者，我将立即删除）：

以下配置均忽略datasource,transactionManager,sessionFactory之类的配置，因为无论何种方式，前两者都不能少

1、  比较原始和烦琐的配置方法(每个SERVICE都来这么一下，不累死？)：

<bean id="serviceMe"    class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">

        <property name="transactionManager">

           <ref bean="transactionManager" />

        </property>

        <property name="target">

<bean    class="com.test.test.service.Service1">

               <property name="myDao">

                  <ref bean="myDao" />

               </property>

           </bean>

        </property>

        <property name="transactionAttributes">

           <props>

               <prop key="save*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED_NEW,-Exception</prop>

               <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>

           </props>

        </property>

    </bean>

 

2、下面有一点小改进，但还是有一些烦

<bean id="txProxyTemplate" abstract="true"

class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">

    <property name="transactionManager">

        ref bean="transactionManager"/>

    </property>

    <property name="transactionAttributes">

        <props>

            <prop key="find*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED, readOnly</prop>

            <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>

        </props>

    </property>

</bean>

 

<bean id="userManager" parent="txProxyTemplate">

    <property name="target">

        <bean class="some.package.UserManagerImpl">

            <property name="userDAO"><ref bean="userDAO"/></property>

        </bean>

    </property>

</bean>

以后，如果增加新的Service/Manager，则XML配置的增量是这一段：

<bean id="someOtherManager" parent="txProxyTemplate">

    <property name="target">

        <bean class="some.package.someOtherManagerImpl">

        </bean>

    </property>

</bean>

上面说的是老的做法，比较传统。缺点是增量比较大，配置起来copy&paste让人觉得不太爽，比较臃肿。

3、用 DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 实现自动代理，实现了对容器中所有 bean 的自动代理, 增加一个需要事务的业务 bean 时只要在 transactionInterceptor 增加一行即可, 增加别的 interceptor 也非常方便，极大减少了配置量

 

<beans>

     <!-- Transaction manager for a single Hibernate SessionFactory (alternative to JTA) -->

    <bean id="transactionManager"

          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

          <property name="sessionFactory">

              <ref bean="sessionFactory"/>

          </property>

    </bean>

 

     <bean id="transactionInterceptor" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">

         <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>

          <property name="transactionAttributeSource">

          <value>

             com.skyon.user.manager.UserManager.*=PROPAGATION_REQUIRED

             #Add new defines here ->

          </value>

          </property>

     </bean>

 

     <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator">

          <property name="interceptorNames">

             <list>

                  <value>transactionInterceptor</value>

                  <!--

                  增加新的 Interceptor

                  -->

             </list>

          </property>

     </bean>

 

     <bean class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor">

       <property name="transactionInterceptor" ref="transactionInterceptor"/>

     </bean>

 

</beans>

 

4、改用BeanNameAutoProxyCreator，毕竟不是context下的每个bean都需要事务

<beans>

    <!-- Transaction manager for a single Hibernate SessionFactory (alternative to JTA) -->

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

        <property name="sessionFactory">

            <ref bean="sessionFactory"/>

        </property>

    </bean>

 

    <bean id="transactionInterceptor" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">

        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>?

          <property name="transactionAttributes">

             <props>

                  <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>

                  <prop key="find*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>

             </props>

          </property>

    </bean>

 

    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">

        <property name="beanNames">

            <value>*Service,*Manager</value>

        </property>

        <property name="interceptorNames">

            <list>

                <value>transactionInterceptor</value>

                <!-- 此处增加新的Interceptor -->

            </list>

        </property>

    </bean>

 

    <bean class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor">

        <property name="transactionInterceptor" ref="transactionInterceptor"/>?

    </bean>

 

    <bean id="userManager" class="some.package.UserManagerImpl" autoWire="byName"/>

 

</beans>

以后每次的增量是这一段：

<bean id="userManager" class="some.package.UserManagerImpl" autoWire="byName"/>

 

5、BeanNameAutoProxyCreator的另一种配法

<!-- Transaction Interceptor set up to do PROPOGATION_REQUIRED on all methods -->

  <bean id="matchAllWithPropReq"

      class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.MatchAlwaysTransactionAttributeSource">

    <property name="transactionAttribute"><value>PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</value></property>

  </bean>

  <bean id="matchAllTxInterceptor"

      class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">

    <property name="transactionManager"><ref bean="transactionManager"/></property>

    <property name="transactionAttributeSource"><ref bean="matchAllWithPropReq"/></property>

  </bean>

 

  <!-- One BeanNameAutoProxyCreator handles all beans where we want all methods to use

       PROPOGATION_REQUIRED -->

  <bean id="autoProxyCreator"

      class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">

    <property name="interceptorNames">

      <list>

        <idref local="matchAllTxInterceptor"/>

        <idref bean="hibInterceptor"/>

      </list>

    </property>

    <property name="beanNames">

      <list>

        <idref local="core-services-applicationControllerSevice"/>

        <idref local="core-services-deviceService"/>

        <idref local="core-services-authenticationService"/>

        <idref local="core-services-packagingMessageHandler"/>

        <idref local="core-services-sendEmail"/>

        <idref local="core-services-userService"/>

      </list>

    </property>

  </bean>

 

 

其它一些注意：

1、如果你想使用配置事务，但又不想使用Spring的模板方法，要注意，获取connection时不能直接从dataSource获得：

Connection conn = DataSourceUtils.getConnection(dataSource);

2、  默认情况下SPRING只有在RuntimeException时才回滚事务，要使其它异常也回滚，需要在配置中作一些改变，见第一种配置中的相关信息。