CFileDialog Tutorial : Step by step

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This article explains how to use CFileDialog MFC class to call a file dialog and how to get selected file name. A tutorial which tells you how to use CFileDialog step by step.

 

Calling a file dialog from an application is every programmer's basic need. This article explains how to use CFileDialog MFC class to call a file dialog and how to get selected file name.

MFC's CFileDialog incapsulate the Windows common file dialog box which can be used to open a file or save a file. First image shows Opening a File and second shows Saving a file.

 

There are three steps to use CFileDialog:

• Create an instance of CFileDialg
• Set or modify m_ofn structure values
• Call DoModal to display the dialog

Sample Code:

Write this below code on any button's click handler or menu's handler where you want to call this above dialog.

fileDlg.m_ofn.lpstrTitle = "My File Dialog"; line sets the title for file dialog.

// Create an instance 
CFileDialog fileDlg( TRUE, NULL, NULL, OFN_ALLOWMULTISELECT | OFN_HIDEREADONLY, "All Files (*.*)|*.*||", this);
// Initializes m_ofn structure
fileDlg.m_ofn.lpstrTitle = "My File Dialog";
// Call DoModal
if ( fileDlg.DoModal() == IDOK)
{
CString szlstfile = fileDlg.GetPathName(); // This is your selected file name with path
AfxMessageBox("Your file name is :" +szlstfile );
}

Getting a File Extension:

What if you want to browse only certain types of files. Say bmp only.

CFileDialog bitmapDlg(TRUE, NULL, NULL, OFN_HIDEREADONLY|OFN_FILEMUSTEXIST, "Bitmap Files(*.bmp)|*.bmp||",this);

CFileDialog In Details:

Let's see what else CFileDialog can do for you. CFileDialog's constructor creates an instance of CFileDialog. After creating an instance, you can set or modify values in the m_ofn structure. After initialization, you can DoModal to display the dialog.

You use CFileDialog constructor to create an instance of the CFileDialog.

CFileDialog( BOOL bOpenFileDialog, LPCTSTR lpszDefExt = NULL, LPCTSTR lpszFileName = NULL, DWORD dwFlags = OFN_HIDEREADONLY | OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT, LPCTSTR lpszFilter = NULL, CWnd* pParentWnd = NULL );

bOpenFileDialog : Set to TRUE to construct a File Open dialog box or FALSE to construct a File Save As dialog box.

lpszDefExt : The default filename extension. If the user does not include an extension in the Filename edit box, the extension specified by lpszDefExt is automatically appended to the filename. If this parameter is NULL , no file extension is appended.

lpszFileName : The initial filename that appears in the filename edit box. If NULL , no filename initially appears.

dwFlags : A combination of one or more flags that allow you to customize the dialog box. For a description of these flags, see the OPENFILENAME structure in the Win32 SDK documentation. If you modify the m_ofn.Flags structure member, use a bitwise-OR operator in your changes to keep the default behavior intact.

lpszFilter :A series of string pairs that specify filters you can apply to the file. If you specify file filters, only selected files will appear in the Files list box. See the Remarks section for more information on how to work with file filters.

pParentWnd :A pointer to the file dialog-box object's parent or owner window.

Here are some more useful functions:

DoModal	Displays the dialog box and allows the user to make a selection.
GetPathName	Returns the full path of the selected file. The path of the filename includes the file's title plus the entire directory path. For example, GetPathName will return "C:\FILES\TEXT.DAT" for the file C:\FILES\TEXT.DAT.
GetFileName	Returns the filename of the selected file. The name of the file includes both the prefix and the extension. For example, GetFileName will return "TEXT.DAT" for the file C:\FILES\TEXT.DAT.
GetFileExt	Returns the file extension of the selected file. If the name of the file entered is DATA.TXT, GetFileExt returns "TXT".
GetFileTitle	Returns the title of the selected file. The title of the file includes only its prefix, without the path or the extension. For example, GetFileTitle will return "TEXT" for the file C:\FILES\TEXT.DAT.
GetNextPathName	Returns the full path of the next selected file. The path of the filename includes the file's title plus the entire directory path. For example, GetNextPathName will return "C:\FILES\TEXT.DAT" for the file C:\FILES\TEXT.DAT. You can use GetNextPathName in a forward iteration loop if you establish the initial position with a call to GetStartPosition .
GetReadOnlyPref	Returns the read-only status of the selected file.
GetStartPosition	Returns the position of the first element of the filename list.

m_ofn is a structure of type OPENFILENAME . Use this structure to initialize the appearance of a File Open or File Save As dialog box after it is constructed but before it is displayed with the DoModal member function.

NOTE: See OPENFILENAME structure in MSDN for more details about settings.

External Info:

• The CFileDialog class is defined in #include <afxdlgs.h> header file and implementation is in COMMDLG.DLL.
• ID: Q200421: How to Enhance File Dialog with Multiple Extension Filters.

Alternative:

You can use GetOpenFileName and GetSaveFileName if you don't want to use MFC.

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